10 
THE HEW AUSTRIAN FIELD GUNS. 
bases in close contact, forming the smooth interior of the shell. Over 
this inner wall is cast the exterior portion, which forms the outer wall, the 
bottom, and the head of the projectile. Two pairs of undercut grooves 
run round the exterior of the shell, into which are pressed the four copper 
rings which give rotation. 
The fuze-hole is separated from the interior by a diaphragm cast in the 
neck of fuze-hole, having a large fire-hole. Above this is a cylindrical 
portion, enlarged and threaded towards the top, for the reception of the 
percussion fuze (Fig. 13), described at p. 12. 
Fig. 9. Fig. 10. Fig. 11. 
(2) The shrapnel (Fig. 11) resembles our own in having the powder 
charge at the bottom, separated from the bullets by a thick diaphragm, and 
ignited through a tube passing down the centre of the shell from the fuze- 
hole. 
It is cast in one piece, is rather shorter than the common shell, and has 
teir deep longitudinal lines of weakness in the bullet chamber, in order to 
allow of its opening readily and to give more splinters on bursting. • This 
shell is furnished with the time fuze (Fig. 15) described at p. 13, which 
screws into the fuze-hole. 
