Proces 
Verbal. 
Justifica¬ 
tion du Tir. 
Bulletin du 
Tir. 
Tableau des 
Besultats. 
Represen¬ 
tation Gra- 
pbique. 
Reports 
checked. 
Value of 
tactical in¬ 
struction. 
226 REPORTS ON THE BELGIAN ARTILLERY. 
A. The Proces Verbal gives the following in great detail:— 
1. Object of the practice, nature of target, distance (estimated, found 
by shells, &c.) 
2. Material used and ammunition. 
3. State of atmosphere. 
4. Behaviour of the guns. 
5. Method of carrying out the practice (number of rounds; range, 
how found; changes made during practice, &c.) 
6. Results of practice (hits, misses, failures in bursts, &c.) 
7. Point of aim, point of impact. 
8. Length of time occupied in practice. 
B. Justification du Tir . 
This is an amplification of the preceding, and contains:— 
1. Object of the practice (bring out the tactical object of the practice 
without speaking of the material means used). 
2. Explanation of the method proposed for carrying out the object of 
the practice. Tactics adopted. 
3. An elaboration of 5 in the Proces Yerbal. 
4. Do. of 6. 
5. General observations on the practice, if there is anything worthy 
of remark. 
C. Bulletin du Tir. 
This is a table showing by strokes in various columns the hits and the 
misses subdivided into right, left, under, over, &c.; with' a column of obser¬ 
vations showing the number of trial shots, the number of splinters or bullets 
in the target, the premature bursts in the air or in the bore, the late bursts, 
and blind shells. 
B. Tableau des Besultats } et Representation Graphique du Tir. 
This is really a table carefully prepared from the observations of the range 
party. 
The Representation Graphique shows every shot fired, numbered in order. 
It comprises an elevation, plan, and profile of the target, with the point of 
impact of every round fired. 
These reports are checked by the independent observations of the Staff 
Officers present with the battery and on the range, and give to the Com¬ 
mandant the materials necessary for a short practical lecture upon the practice. 
I trust I shall not be doing wrong if I express my opinion that while in 
officers, men, horses, and material the British field artillery is without rival 
among any of those foreign powers whose artillery I have seen, it is yet 
behindhand in the practical instruction of its officers and men in the tactical 
use of their weapons in the field; and that something may be learnt, even from 
so small a country as Belgium. 
