408 
THE WAR BETWEEN RUSSIA AND TURKEY. 
while to liis left Colonel Borelins brought up the Rifle Battalion and 
the 3rd Battery into a position on the chaussee , and Colonel Schack 
coming up a little later with the 4th Battalion 73rd Regiment, the 
3rd Battalion 74th, and 1| batteries, filled up the gap in the centre. 
The Turks attacked both flanks in great force. The left wing, 
strengthened by the 1st Battalion 73rd Regiment and the horse 
artillery battery, repulsed two infantry attacks—the last of them with 
the bayonet—and finally, so beat back a cavalry charge directed against 
them that the retreating cavalry carried away part of the infantry of 
the Turkish right wing. The weakness of the Russians prevented an 
active pursuit. The Russian right wing defeated all the attacks by the 
superiority of its artillery, so that towards evening it was possible to 
make an energetic counter-attack from the centre. About 10 p.m. the 
battle ceased, after which both armies bivouacked in their positions. 
The Russian loss was 454 men. On the 22nd June the Turks retreated ; 
not on account, of their defeat, but in order to send a part of their forces 
to strengthen' Ismail Pasha from a position where the Russians could 
not notice their departure. Tergukasoff did not remark this, and 
remained in Taghir, having withdrawn from Hassan Beg. On the 
26th June he learned the result of the Battle of Zewin and the reinforce¬ 
ment of his direct opponent, and therefore determined upon a retreat, 
which began on the 27th, taking with him under escort a number of 
Armenian families, to save them from the excesses of the Turkish 
irregulars, by which means his movements were rendered very slow. 
In his retreat, he reached Zeidikhan on the 28th, Karakilissa on the 30th, 
Surp Owhanes on the 2nd July, a pass on the frontier on the 4th, and 
Igdir on the 5th of July. 
After a short rest, Tergukasoff advanced to relieve Bayazid, and on 
the 10th July stormed the heights in front of the town, and relieved 
the almost exhausted and small but brave garrison, which, during the 
three weeks' siege, had lost 30 per cent, of their strength. . The town 
of Bayazid, destroyed and plague-stricken, had to be given up. 
Tergukasoff then retreated to Igdir, to reconstruct and reinforce his 
corps, leaving detachments to observe the three border passes. 
(e) The Rebellions in the Caucasus. 
The Grand Duke Michael could not use all his troops for the invasion 
of Armenia, as the excitement of the Mohammedan peoples in the 
Caucasus reached a high pitch and required troops to keep it down. 
The 20th Division was therefore left behind in the Terek District, 
principally in the south-east part of it—the Greater and Lesser 
Tschetschna—while the 21st Division had three regiments in Upper and 
one in Lower Daghestan. In the Soukhoum military district, Abchasia, 
the Ingur Column was formed. There were also disposable for the 
defence of the country from 20 to 30,000 men, mostly local troops in 
the various forts. In spite of this seemingly sufficient number of 
troops, the Turks succeeded in raising a rebellion in the three above- 
mentioned provinces. In the Tschetchna the people only rose, as also in 
