SHOUT NOTES ON PROFESSIONAL SUBJECTS. 
11 
17. Experiments made to compare the resistances op the air to 
CYLINDRICAL BODIED SHOT HAYING VARIOUSLY FORMED HEADS.* These 
experiments were made at Shoeburyness in September, 1866. The gnn used was 
the 40-pr. M.L., the charge was 5 lbs. The shot prepared for the experiment 
were as follows :—• 
lbs. 
10 hemispherical headed, solid, average weight 39-34 
10 hemispheroidal headed, solid „ 38-69 
10 ogival (1 diameter), solid H 39-56 
10 ogival (2 diameters), solid « 38-50 
10 ogival (1 diameter), hollow „ 21*81 
10 ogival (2 diameters), hollow « 21-94 
10 tubular shot —- 
In the spheroidal head the ratio of the axes was nearly 1: 2. 
The firing was much interrupted by the passing of barges, and only 43 out of 
the 7 0 rounds could be fired in three days, although on one occasion 9 rounds were 
fired in 45 minutes. The experiments with the hollow ogival shot were extremely 
successful, as there were only two failures in the 20 rounds fired. For some reason 
the solid shot did not give nearly such good results as the hollow shot. 
The Chronograph gave satisfactory records for the following number of rounds 
for the different kinds of shot, out of a total of 43 rounds fired :— 
6 rounds of hemispherical bead, solid. 
4 rounds of bemispberoidal bead, solid. 
3 rounds of ogival (1 diameter), solidi 
3 rounds of ogival (2 diameters), solid. 
10 rounds of ogival (i diameter), bollow. 
8 rounds of ogival (2 diameters), bollow; 
One round for each of the solid ogivals had to be rejected on Account of the 
unreasonably large amount of resistance indicated. The records of the Chronograph 
were particularly good, so that the irregularity must have sprung from the un¬ 
steadiness of the shot. By using hollow and Solid shot with the Same charge 
of powder, considerable variation in initial velocities was secured. 
The resistance of the air to each kind of shot clearly varied as the (velocity) 3 
between the observed limits of 1100 f.S. and 1500 f.s., and this is the law indicated 
by experiments made with the 12-pr. B.L. to try the Chroiiograph in November 
and December, 1865. 
The amount of pressure in lbs. exerted by the air against each form of shot Was 
as follows:— 
To tbe hemispherical beaded at U velocity 1250 f.s; 
To tbe hemispheroidal beaded at a velocity 1250 f.s; 
To tbe ogival beaded (1 diameter), solid 1250 f.s: 
„ (2 diameters), solid 1250 f.s: 
it (1 diameter), hollow 1500 Es; 
y, (1 diameter), bollow 1250 f.s; 
ii (2 diameters), hollow 1500 fig* 
}, (2 diameters), bollow 1250 f.s; 
libs; , ( 
178-2 calculated from 
rounds: 
5 
139-6 
ii 
4 
147-9 
ii 
2 
146-8 
■H 
2 
253-1 
a 
16 
148-2 
ii 
10 
241-5 
ii 
8 
139-9 
ii 
8 
* Memo, by tbe Bev. F* Bashforth, B.B., relative to experiments with bis Chroiiograph; 
3 
