HUGH MILLER GLACIER 
37 
had progressed so far as to render its surface almost black 
from the accumulation of residuary moraine stuff. These 
relations are indicated in figure 17. The condition in 
1894 was intermediate between those of 1892 and 1899. 
A comparison of Reid’s photographs and mine shows 
also that the Charpentier had lost in thickness as well 
as area, the lowering near its front being estimated at 
about fifty feet. 
As mapped and described by Reid, Hugh Miller Glacier 
rested at one point against an island, and only the portion 
south of the island yielded bergs. The northern division 
of the front descended to tide-water, but was covered at 
its margin by debris and had no cliff. In 1899 the front 
had retreated so as to open a narrow channel west of the 
island and expose the top of another island on which a 
tongue of the ice rested. South of this point the ice cliff 
had retreated westward to an average distance of 1,000 
feet, the maximum being nearly 2,000 feet. It still 
yielded bergs, but sparingly, and was probably approach¬ 
ing a non-tidal condition. A large nunatak at the south, 
which was mapped and photographed by Reid, was more 
fully exposed than before, and a small one had appeared 
between it and the ice cliff. Near the northern end of 
the cliff the distortion of dirt bands and an uprising of the 
surface of the ice suggested that another rocky islet would 
soon be exposed. The retreat of the northern portion of 
the glacier face had laid bare a group of rocks projecting 
slightly above the water, and a larger rock knoll was 
gradually emerging. At one point it projected as a nun¬ 
atak about 150 feet above water-level, and farther on was 
revealed at the water’s edge. The average width of the 
space here abandoned by the ice is about 1,500 feet. 
(See pi. hi.) The condition in 1894, as indicated by 
photographs, was intermediate, but nearer to the condition 
in 1899 than to that in 1892. 
