TURNER GLACIER 
67 
Since writing the preceding paragraph I have been able 
to extend the comparison by examining photographs by 
the Canadian Boundary Commission and the U. S. Fish 
Commission. That by the Boundary Commission was 
taken from Haenke Island 1 in 1895, its record being 
midway between Russell’s and mine. It shows the con¬ 
dition of each feature as intermediate between the phases 
of 1891 and 1899. That by the Fish Commission was 
taken from Osier Island in 1901. It shows an extension 
of the frontal cliff, as compared with the condition in 
1899, and probably indicates renewed movement in mar¬ 
ginal ice which had become stagnant. 
There is an important morainic belt on each margin of 
the glacier, with outlying ribbons, and a single well-defined 
medial moraine reaches the water front near its middle. 
The visible portion of the glacier within its mountain 
valley has a moderate grade, but at its debouchure into 
the main trough of Disenchantment Bay there is a steep 
descent, the surface falling 500 to 600 feet in a quarter of 
a mile. The grade then suddenly diminishes to almost 
nil, and the glacier terminates in a platform of nearly uni¬ 
form height, with a width ranging in different parts (1899) 
from 1,800 to 3,500 feet. 
The ice cascade at the point of debouchure indicates a 
drop in the rock bed where the Turner trough joins the 
greater trough of Disenchantment Bay, and this feature is 
related to the phenomena of hanging valleys, to which 
special attention will be given in another chapter. The 
flatness of the terminal portion of the glacier is a peculiar 
feature, not so strikingly exhibited to us in any other in¬ 
stance. It is of course possible that the longitudinal pro¬ 
file of the glacier bed is here horizontal, and that the ice is 
everywhere supported by a floor of rock or drift; but it 
seems to me more probable that the flatness is due to 
1 No. 12, on page 5 of vol. 17, official album. 
