FIORDS AND HANGING VALLEYS 
I 45 
readily have carved from the weaker rock all that part of 
the fiord trough lying below tide-level. 
The hanging valleys seen on Vancouver Island were 
evidently shaped by ice currents originating on the island 
and directed toward the mainland. During their existence 
the island contained a center of ice distribution. The 
general condition of the district at this time has been 
worked out by Dawson from studies of the striae and 
other features of ice sculpture, made along the coasts of 
Vancouver Island, of the neighboring mainland, and of 
various smaller islands in the intervening sound. The 
principal flow of ice was from the mountains of the main¬ 
land, taking the form either of wide individual streams or 
of a great confluent sheet; and this flood, banking against 
Vancouver Island, was divided and deflected. One great 
division, the ‘ Queen-Charlotte-Sound Glacier/ moved 
northwestward to the ocean, spreading over the north end 
of the island. 
The other great 
division, the 
‘ Strait-of-Geor- 
gia Glacier/ 
moved south¬ 
eastward and 
then turned 
westward to 
the Strait of 
Fuca. 1 It is 
that a branch of 
this stream, reinforced by tributaries from the Cascade 
Range in northern Washington, flowed southward as the 
Puget Sound Glacier. 
1 Additional observations on the Superficial Geology of British Columbia and 
adjacent regions. By George M. Dawson. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London, vol, 
xxxvii, p. 278, 1881. 
