KADIAK ISLAND 
177 
KENAI PENINSULA 
My observation of the Kenai Peninsula was restricted 
to the northwest side of its more southerly arm. It is 
there constituted by a lofty upland partially dissected by 
large trenches, some of which now contain glaciers. Its 
upper parts have a comparatively mature topography, 
and seem to constitute remnants of an ancient pene¬ 
plain, which has been bodily uplifted, with some disturb¬ 
ance of original horizontality. The plateau resulting 
from this uplift was deeply trenched along the main lines 
of drainage, and the valleys thus opened were modified in 
characteristic manner by Pleistocene glaciers. They are 
now U-troughs, and some are partly submerged, so as to 
constitute fiords. On the side facing Kachemak Bay and 
Cook Inlet, it was evident that the old glaciers extended 
beyond the position of the modern coast line, but nothing 
was seen to indicate their outer limits. 
KADIAK ISLAND 
Kadiak Island is 100 miles long and 50 miles broad. Its 
longer axis, trending northeast, is parallel to the neigh¬ 
boring coast of the Alaska Peninsula, from which the is¬ 
land is separated by Shelikof Strait, 30 miles wide. Afog- 
nak Island, a close companion of Kadiak, continues its 
northeasterly trend; and the Barren Islands serve as 
physiographic stepping stones to connect the group with 
the axis of uplift following the oceanic side of Kenai 
Peninsula. 
The island is mountainous throughout, but contains no 
lofty range. As on the Kenai Peninsula, the summits 
tend toward uniformity and an even sky-line, and there 
are remnants of an ancient uplifted peneplain. Such 
lowlands as we saw are of moderate extent and uneven 
surface. The coast line is sinuous, and some of the nar- 
