GLACIAL SCULPTURE 
209 
they were sculptured chiefly by currents approaching the 
fiord from the right; and plucking was an important fac¬ 
tor of the process. The peaks against the sky were above 
the Pleistocene ice. 
In the last example the unevenness in the region of 
extensive plucking is partly due to the varying resistance 
of heterogeneous bed-rock. This factor finds strong ex¬ 
pression in the forelands and low islets at New Metlakatla, 
Sitka, and Kadiak, where peneplains well reduced toward 
base-level, and therefore 
presumptively of nearly 
even surface, were much 
roughened by a moderate 
amount of glacial deg¬ 
radation (see figs. 64, 65 
and 86, and pi. xvn). 
It is also strongly ex¬ 
pressed on the slopes of 
Unalaska Island about 
Unalaska Bay. There is 
a general lumpiness of 
the surface which would 
throw doubt on the 
theory of extensive Pleis¬ 
tocene glaciation were 
the theory not strongly 
supported by the con¬ 
spicuous glacial sculp¬ 
ture of other parts of the 
FIG. 102. ICE SCULPTURE IN RUSSELL FIORD. 
island. Except where 
exposed in sea cliffs, the rocks are largely covered by a 
tundra mat, and this leaves room for doubt as to the steeper 
slopes, where many of the knobs maybe landslips; but on 
the gentler slopes the knobs are clearly obdurate elements 
of the heterogeneous volcanic mass, rendered prominent by 
