How to Plant and Prune 
the roots have to supply with water 
established. See illustrations. 
Proper planting, pruning, and watering are essential to the sue- 
cess of nursery stock. The ground should be plowed or spaded 
deeply. Holes should be large enough so the roots can be spread 
out without crowding. Lots of water should be used. Roots 
should be pruned so there are plenty of fresh ends to come in 
contact with the soil. Soil should be packed firmly around roots 
so there are no air spaces and so roots are in tight contact with 
the soil. 
PRUNING: Part of the top of the bush or tree must be 
pruned at time of planting so as to reduce the amount of top 
MULCH: A mulch of hay, leaves, grass clippings, etc., around 
the base of the plant is very beneficial and helps to conserve 
moisture. 
FERTILIZER: Should be placed on top of the ground and 
worked in with a hoe. Never put fresh manure in the hole, for 
if it comes in contact with the roots it will burn and kill them. 
while they are getting 
WATERING: Surface sprinkling does very little good. Take 
nozzle off hose and let water run 
around plant until ground is 
thoroughly soaked for a depth 
of 12 to 18 inches. Never let 
ground dry out. 
FRUIT TREES 
SHRUBS 
Cut out part of branches at base of bush. 
Cut rest off at lines in picture marked “A.” 
TREES 
SET TREE IN TUB OF WATER WHILE DIGGING HOLE. 
IL 
SUBSOIL SHOULD 
BE BROKEN UP 
IF VERY HARD. 
SETTLE TREE BYwS 
SHAKING UP 
AND DOWN. ^ 
Dig a trench about 12 inches deep and 12 or 14 
inches wide. Dig one side of trench straight and in 
line, place plants against this side to get a straight 
hedge. Set plants a trifle lower than they were in 
nursery. Cut tops back to about six inches above 
the ground. See above illustration. Set privet and 
similar varieties 10 to 12 inches apart in the row. 
Set Barberry 18 to 24 inches apart. Set tall shrubs 
for high hedges 2 to 4 feet apart. 
Before pruning After pruning 
SHADE TREES 
WHEN HOLE IS 
ABOUT % FULL PACK 
FIRMLY WITH FEET., 
ROOTS SHOULD NOT 
BE BENT IN PLANT¬ 
ING SO DIG HOLE 
PLENTY LARGE ENOUGH 
SET TREE TRIFLE DEEPER 
THAN IT GREW IN NURSERY. 
SPREAD ROOTS TO 
NATURAL POSITION 
RASPBERRIES 
AND 
BLACKBERRIES 
ROSES 
LEAVE SOIL 
LOOSE ON TOP 
w 
FILL IN AMONG ROOTS 
WITH GOOD LOAMY 
SOIL. WORK IN BY 
g$iPHAND OR SETTLE 
WITH WATER. 
ILL HOLE AND 
PACK FIRMLY. 
LIGHT SOIL 
REQUIRES MORE 
PACKING THAN 
HEAVY SOIL. 
LEAVE POCKET AROUND 
HOLE TO CATCH WATER. 
plant 
JUST ABOVE 
SECONO 8UD, 
IMPORTANT: WE DO NOT ENCOURAGE THE USE OF MAN¬ 
URE. IF WELL DECAYED AND MIXED WITH SOIL IT SHOULD 
BE USED ONLY ON THE TOP. 
A-Branch Pruning 
lines 
B-Ground line 
C-Root pruning 
lines 
STRAWBERRIES 
Cut tops back to 6 in. 
above ground 
Too deep Too shallow Just right 
Cut 1 /3 of roots off and only leave 1 or 2 leaves 
NUMBER OF TREES OR PLANTS ON AN ACRE 
2 feet each way. 10,890 15 
3 feet each way. 4,840 18 
4 feet each way. 2,723 20 
5 feet each way. 1,742 25 
6 feet each way. 1,210 30 
8 feet each way. 680 3 3 
10 feet each way. 430 40 
12 feet each way. 302 
RULE. Multiply the distance in feet between the rows by the dis¬ 
tance the plants are apart in the rows and the product will be the 
number of square feet for each plant or hill; which, divided into the 
number of feet in an acre (43,560), will give the number of trees. 
feet each way.194 
feet each way.135 
feet each way.110 
feet each way. 70 
feet each way. 48 
feet each way. 40 
feet each way. 28 
SUITABLE DISTANCES FOR PLANTING IN 
THE NORTHWEST 
Apples, Standard .20 to 30 feet 
Pears, Standard .16 to 20 feet 
Pears, Dwarf.12 to 15 feet 
Cherries .16 to 20 feet 
Plums .16 to 18 feet 
Peaches and Apricots .16 to 18 feet 
Currants and Gooseberries . 4 to 6 feet 
Grapes . 8 to 10 feet 
Raspberries and Blackberries. 4 to 6 feet 
Strawberries.1 Vi by 3 to 3 Vi feet 
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