138 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
October 27, 1888. 
Buzzard, including Farleigh. or Crittenden, 
Shropshire, Worcestershire and Prune Damson. 
All are black except the latter, -which is purple, the 
largest in size and ripens very late. A dish of very 
finely coloured specimens of Duchess Favourite Apple 
was shown by Captain Terry, Shrubland, Hersham, 
Walton-on-Thames. Two seedling black Grapes were 
shown by Mr. Smythe, Basing Park, Alton, Messrs. 
J. Carter & Co., High Holborn, London, exhibited a 
large basket of the tubers of the recently introduced 
vegetable, Stachys tuberifera; the tubers are not 
particularly large this season, but very plentifully 
produced. From the Royal Gardens, Kew, came a 
fruit of the Snakes Gourd (Trichosanthes anguina), 
about 2J ft. in length ; also ripe fruit and a branch 
with green fruit of the Tree Tomato (Cyphomandra 
betacea). Three dishes of beautiful samples of Market 
Favourite Potato were shown by Mr. W. Ellington. 
West Row Gardens, Mildenhall, Suffolk. Mr. A. Selby, 
Radclyffe-on-Trent, Notts, showed dishes of Reading 
Giant, Sutton’s Abundance, and Satisfaction, all white 
kidney Potatos of great size. 
Birmingham Gardeners’ Mutual Improve¬ 
ment Association. 
At a largely attended meeting of this society, held at 
the Midland Institute on Tuesday evening, October 16th, 
Mr. W. B. Latham, curator of the Botanical Gardens, 
Edgbaston, occupying the chair, Mr. G. Barnes, Orchid 
grower to C. Winn, Esq., The Uplands, Selly Oak, 
read a very interesting paper on the cultivation of the 
Odontoglossum and Miltonia. In building a house for 
the purpose of growing these lovely flowers, he specially 
recommended the choice of a south aspect, with plenty of 
top and bottom ventilation, and lights that could be 
removed in the summer months. Abundance of piping 
was another essential point to be observed, so that the 
temperature could be maintained in severe weather with¬ 
out creating that dry choking atmosphere, so often the 
result of over-heated pipes. A light shading should be 
applied, keeping a moist atmosphere in the summer 
months, and by no means a dry one in the winter, but 
in watering care should be taken not to wet the young 
growths, likewise to give a little air at all times, even in 
the severest weather. 
Potting operations he recommended to be done at the 
endof the summer, just as the plants were’commencing to 
grow, August and the beginning of September being the 
most suitable time, but to avoid doing it on hot dry days, 
rather choosing dull moist weather. This would obviate 
that drying of the roots, which so often proved injurious 
to this class of plants. Sphagnum cut about 2 ins. long, 
and good sandy peat in equal proportions, was the best 
material for the purpose. The pots should be two- 
thirds filled with crocks, the plants potted firmly, and 
the young growths avoided when ^watering. These 
were important essentials to success. But in all things 
in connection with the cultivation of the Odontoglot, a 
little variation was necessary, according to the varieties 
to be dealt with, an intimate knowledge of which could 
be best obtained by close observation on the part of the 
cultivator. A brief discussion followed the observations 
of the speaker, the remarks made being mainly in 
support of Mr. Barnes’s system of cultivation. 
On this occasion Messrs. Sutton & Sons, Reading, 
exhibited a very fine collection of their seedling Potatos, 
these being remarkable for their size, shape, and 
smoothness, and the majority of them were said to be 
disease-resisting. The most notable amongst those 
that have already been sent out were Ringleader, as the 
best early ; Sutton’s Seedling, as the best second ; and 
Abundance, as the best late variety. A newer variety 
called Satisfaction, is likewise one of great promise. 
The seedling varieties not yet in commerce were very 
fine indeed, and showed what can be done by the careful 
study and observation of the various crosses.— J. H. 
National Chrysanthemum. 
A meeting of the Floral Committee of this society was 
held at the Royal Aquarium, Westminster, on Wed¬ 
nesday, when more flowers were exhibited than on the 
last occasion. Two baskets of plants and a stand of 
cut blooms were exhibited by Mr. William Holmes, 
Frampton Park Nurseries, Hackney, and two of them 
were certificated. Mr. Robert Owen, Maidenhead, 
exhibited two stands of cut blooms of Japanese varieties, 
amongst which William Holmes, crimson; Magicienne, 
bronzy orange ; Miss Burgess, pink; Isidore Feral, 
rose ; Thomas Stevens, pink, refiexed ; Lincoln’s Inn, 
crimson, William Cobbett, pink, and white reverse ; 
and Comte Horace de Choiseul, white, were con¬ 
spicuous. Several of them were awarded votes of 
thanks, and others certificated. 
Mr. Doughty, Angley Park, Cranbrook, exhibited 
blooms of Violet Tomlin, which was certificated, and 
Mary Tomlin, a dark sport from Mdlle. PaulDutour, the 
latter being commended. A large white Japanese 
crested variety, named Florence Piercy, was shown by 
Mr. Geo. Stevens, Putney, and received a vote of 
thanks. An incurved white variety, named Mrs. W. P. 
Woodcock, was exhibited by Mr. Woodcock, secretary 
of the Sheffield Chrysanthemum Society, and was 
commended for its earliness. A quilled yellow Japanese 
variety was shown by Mr. Briscoe Ironside, Foots Cray, 
Kent, and received a vote of thanks. Blooms of 
H. A. Lane, Gladys Spaulding, and The Moor were 
shown by Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea. A plant 
of Sam Henshaw, a sport from Comte de Germiny, was 
shown by Mr. W. Piercy, West Road, Forest Hill, and 
was commended as an early variety. The certificated 
varieties will be described in our next. 
-- 
We regret to record the death, on the 19th inst., of 
Mr. William Henry Crawford, of Lakelands, near 
Cork, aged seventy-six years. The deceased gentleman 
was for many years an enthusiastic cultivator of 
Orchids, and at the time of his death possessed an 
extensive and valuable collection. He will be greatly 
missed in Cork, for he was a rich man and gave largely 
of his wealth to philanthropic works, countless acts of 
beneficence being recorded to his honour. 
-- 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS, 
Transplanting Passion Flower. — A. C. L.: We would not 
advise you to lift your Passion Flower at this season unless it is 
imperative. A robust plant, if carefully lifted, might outlive 
the winter, and start away into growth again in spring, hut the 
chances are that it would die if the winter proves severe. If 
not too large you might put it in a box, tub, or pot, and winter 
it in a greenhouse, or somewhere out of the reach of frost. A 
little warmth would be beneficial, and cause the roots to make 
fresh growth, and so stimulate the plant to repair the damage 
caused by lifting. 
Bulbs to Pot or Plant Out.— IF. K. Glover: Stembergia 
lutea, Camassia esculenta, Ornithogalum pyramidale. Narcissus 
Sibthorpii, Scilla nutans pallida,Allium odorum and Erythronium 
Dens-Canis alba should be planted in the open ground at once ; 
in fact Stembergia lutea should soon be in flower and is ever¬ 
green. It is impatient of disturbance, and flowers best when 
fully established. Scilla campanulata, Tulipa sylvestris, Scilla 
bifolia, S. b. alba and Milla, may also be planted out or potted 
up at your option; they are perfectly hardy, but are often 
flowered in pots and are highly ornamental. The first-mentioned 
group are ornamental border plants, hut the foliage of most of 
them is too gross to recommend them for pot culture generally. 
Greenhouse or Frame —Tree Carnations: We should advise 
you to keep your Carnations in the greenhouse. If the latter is 
kept at a temperature of 50° at night, the plants will flower if 
they are strong enough. It is not necessary, however, on account 
of the Carnations to keep the house so warm, unless you wish to 
keep up a display of flowers in it at this season. Should the 
pots containing your plants be small, a slightly larger shift will 
be required in spring, giving good soil. Keep the plants near 
the glass in summer, ventilate freely, and do not neglect the 
plants with water. No other treatment will he required by Pride 
of Penshurst. Stake the plants neatly when they require it. 
Judges and Committeemen. — F. J.: As a general rule some 
committeemen are always present when the judges are at work, 
to assist them in finding the entries in the various classes, and 
in recording the awards, hut they should never help to make 
them, unless specially asked to do so in exceptional cases, and 
if not so employed should not accompany the judges. Of course 
if a committeeman is an exhibitor also, he should retire while 
the awards are being made. 
Apple Trees Losing Health. — G. G.: They have exhausted 
the soil in which they aTe growing of some chemical constituent 
which they require to keep them in robust health. Give them 
a liberal dressing of good farm-yard manure and lime, well 
incorporated with the soil; and also mulch with manure. On 
the weakest branches of the espaliers you might put on a graft 
of the same variety but taken from a young healthy tree. Many 
a veteran has been restored to health by this simple plan. 
Names of Plants. — R. C. Kingston: The Orchid with the 
pseudobulb attached was a Bulbopbyllnm, but we have not 
recognised the species. The spike without leaves was that of 
Angrsecum pertnsum. A. L. Anderson: 1, Pancratium speci- 
osum ; 2, Browallia elata ; 3, Kennedya Maryattse: 4, Fuchsia 
macrostemma var.; 5, Fuchsia corymbiflora. H. C.: 1, Aster 
Novi-Belgi densus ; 2, Aster Novie Anglise rosea ; 3, Plrygelius 
capensis ; 4, Linaria marocana; 5, Solanum marginatum ; 6, 
Tacsonia Van Volxemii. Alex. Henry : 1, Viburnum opulus ; 2, 
Cotoneaster Simonsii; 3, Cotoneaster micropliylla; 4, Sequoia 
sempervirens, the Redwood of California. 
Names of Fruits. — T. C. IF .: Marie Louise and Winter Nelis. 
Jas. Dngo.n: A Quoining, hut which one we have been unable 
at present to determine. Will try again before next number. 
J. IF. and others next week. 
Books. — Ignoramus: Cook’s Manual of Botanical Terms, 
published by W. H. Allen & Co., 2-s. 6c 1. C. Leeson: For 
botanical terms get the book above named, and for botanical 
names either Paxton's Botanical Dictionary (Bradbury, Agnew 
& Co.), or the last edition of Johnson’s Gardeners' Dictionary 
(G. Bell & Sons). Both are well within the prices you name. 
A. Plv.mbley: 1, The Rose Garden, by William Paul, or Rivers’ 
Rose Amateur's Guide; 2, Select Fei-ns, by B. S. Williams; 3, 
Drnery’s Choice British Ferns; 4. Thomson’s Handy Bool: of (he 
Flower Garden; 5, Dr. Masters’ Botany for Beginners ; 6, G rigor's 
Arboriculture, a much cheaper work than Brown's Forester; 
7, Chrysanthemums and their Culture, by Edwin Molyneux. Is. 
North Lincoln: The Epitome of Gardening is published by A. & 
C. Black, Edinburgh ; 0. P., Grigor’s Arboriculture. 
Communications Received. —W. B. H. —C. R.—W. C.—J. C. 
& Co.-J. L. & Sons.— J. W.—R. D.—J. S.— J. T.— T. H. T. P. 
(The error is much regretted, though it had appeared before, 
and passed unchallenged). — W. B. H.—G. F.—W. P. R.—J. F. 
-- 
THE WEATHER. 
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean reading 
of the barometer during the week ending October 20th 
was 30T2 in. ; the lowest reading was 29‘82 in. at the 
beginning of the week, and the highest 30 ’23 in. at the 
end of the week. The mean temperature of the air 
was 43 ’5°, and 7 "5° below the average in the corre¬ 
sponding weeks of the twenty years ending 1868. 
The mean was considerably below the average on 
each day of the week, the coldest days being Sunday 
and Monday. The direction of the wind was variable, 
and the horizontal movement of the air averaged 6 "3 
miles per hour, which was 4 ’5 miles below the average 
in the corresponding weeks of sixteen years. Ko 
rain was measured during the week. The duration of 
registered bright sunshine in the week was 24’5 hours, 
against 35’2 hours at Glynde Place, Lewes. 
-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
October 22nd. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditeh, and 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, London, report the market 
for Clovers continues very firm. Alsyke is much dearer 
and very scarce. Perennial Rye Grasses are dearer. 
There is no change in Italian Rye Grasses ; Tares 
unchanged. Linseed is much dearer ; other Bird Seeds 
unchanged. More money is asked for fine samples of 
Blue Peas. _ , ^ 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
October 24 fh. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Apples, J-sieve. 2 0 4 6 
Cobs_per 100 lbs. 75 0 
Grapes .per lb. 0 S 2 6 
Melons. 10 2 0 
Pine-apples, St. s.d. s.d. 
Michaels, each_ 2 0 7 0 
Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 1 6 2 0 
Plums, j-sieve . 2 6 4 0 
Peaches.perdoz 2 0 8 0 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Artichokes, Globe,doz. 3 0 6 0 
Beans, French, per lb. 0 6 
Beet, per dozen. 2 0 3 0 
Cabbages_per doz. 1 6 
Carrots ... .per bunch C 6 
Cauliflowers, English, 
per dozen . 3 0 40 
Celery, per bundle ..20 
Cucumbers, each .... 0 6 0 9 
Endive, French, doz. 2 6 3 6 
Herbs, per hunch.... 0 2 0 4 
s.d. s.d. 
Horse Radish, bundle 3 0 5 0 
Lettuces .. per dozen 2 0 3 0 
Mushrooms, p. basket 0 9 13 
Onions, per bushel ..7 0 9 0 
Parsley, per bunch ..06 
Radishes, per dozen ..16 
Small salading,punnet 0 4 
Spinach, per strike ..20 
Tomatos, per lb.10 
Turnips, per bun.0 6 
Potatos.— Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton; Kent Kidneys. 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Aralia Sieboldi, doz.. 6 0 IS o 
Asters .per doz. 5 0 10 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
per dozen . 4 0 90 
— large plants .. each 2 0 5 0 
Cockscomb, per dozen 
Coleus.perdoz. 2 0 4 0 
Cyclamen ..perdoz, 12 0 IS 0 
Cyperns, ..per dozen 4 0 12 0 
Dracaena term., doz. 30 0 6Q 0 
— viridis, per dozen 12 0 24 0 
Evergreens, in var., 
per dozen . 6 0 24 0 
s d. s.d. 
Ferns, in var.,perdcz. 4 0 IS 0 
Foliage Plants, vari¬ 
ous, each. 2 0 10 0 
Ficns elastics each.. 16 7 0 
Fuchsia, per doz. 3 0 6 0 
Hydrangea, per doz. . 9 0 IS 0 
LRiumsi var., doz. IS 0 30 0 
Marguerites perdoz. 6 0 12 0 
Mignonette .. per doz. 3 0 6 0 
Palms in variety , each 2 6 21 0 
Pelargoniums,scarlet, 
per dozen . 2 0 60 
Solanuins_perdoz. 9 0 15 0 
Asters, doz. bunches 6 0 
— (French), 1 bunch 16 2 6 
Azaleas ....12 sprays 10 2 0 
Bouvardias, per bun. 0 6 10 
Camellias, 12 blooms 3 0 4 6 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 2 0 
Chrysanthemums 
annual, 12 bunches 2 0 4 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
12 blooms 10 6 0 
— 12 bunches . 6 0 12 0 
Cornflower, 12 bunch. 
Cyclamen.. 12 blooms 0 6 10 
Eucharis. per dozen.. 3 0 6 0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms. 16 4 0 
Gladiolus, 12 sprays .3 0 6 0 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 0 6 10 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
s.d. s.d. 
Lilium longiflorum, 
12 blooms 5 0 9 0 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 3 0 6 0 
Mignonette, 12 bun. 2 0 4 0 
Pelargoniums, 12spys. 10 16 
— scarlet, 12 sprays ..0 4 0 9 
Primula, double, bun. 0 9 10 
Pyrethrums, 12 bun.. 2 0 4 0 
Roses, Tea, per dozen 0 6 id 
— Red.perdoz. 0 6 10 
— Saffrano ..perdoz. 10 16 
Stephanotis,12 sprays 4 0 6 0 
Tuberoses, per dozen. 0 6 10 
Violets ..12 bunches 10 16 
— Parine, French, 
12 bunches 3 6 5 0 
— dark French, bun. 16 2 6 
Out Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
9 0 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE ) 
Ailanthus glandulosa _ 132 
Anthracite Coal. 136 
Apple and Pear Conference, 
the National . 132 
Begonias, winter-flowering 131 
Birmingham Gardeners’ 
Improvement Society .. 13S 
Carnations, seedling . 132 
Carnations, winter-flowrg. 132 
Cattleya, Lamberliurst hy¬ 
brid . 137 
Cattleya Harris! . 137 
Chiswick Redivivus . 127 
Chrysanthemum notes.. .. 130 
Chrysanthemum shows .. 131 
Colchicum maximum .... 136 
Cornwall and the frosts .. 136 
Daffodils, permanent plant¬ 
ing of . 136 
Edinburgh Nurseries . 134 
Epidendron poly bullion .. 137 
Euterpe edulis in fruit .... 136 
Eyre Crabbe, the late Mrs. 132 
Fife, notes from . 131 
Frosts, the early . 136 
PAGE 
Fruit Production and Dis¬ 
tribution . 12S 
Gardeners’ Calendar- 137 
Greenfield, Donnybrook .. ISO 
Hoi wood . 134 
Irish notes . 130 
Lathyrus latifolius albus. . 136 
L’Orchideene . 135 
Mascarenhasia Curnowiana 136 
National Chrysanthemum 
Society .12S 
Obituary . 13S 
Oneidium Mantinii . 137 
Onion. Cranston's Excelsior 130 
Orchid Growers’ Calendar 137 
Pliaius callosus . 137 
Polygonum vaccinia-folium 136 
Potato, King of tlie Russets 130 
Restio subverticillatus .... 136 
Rhododendron Yellow Per¬ 
fection . 136 
Scottish notes. 131 
Sunflowers, double . 130 
Weather, the . 13S 
