May 11, 1889. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
583 
ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS. 
The Orchid Grower’s Calendar. 
Those who live where hees abound will doubtless have 
noticed during the past few days that they will gain 
admittance to the Orchid houses if possible, and it is 
certainly very annoying to find a number of flowers 
fertilised by their agency, and thereby doomed to 
wither prematurely. Odontoglossum flowers appear to 
be most readily fertilised. We have lost as many as 
three flowers on a spike this season in many instances, 
which mars the beauty of the spike, as the flowers 
which have been fertilised change colour in about two 
days, and wither shortly afterwards. The most noticeable 
thing appears to be that humble-bees generally pitch 
on hybrid Odontoglossums, such as Andersonianum, 
Ruekerianum, &c., and we find it necessary to be con¬ 
tinually killing the operators. 
Fire heat should now be shut off entirely from the 
Odontoglossums, and a little bottom air left on the 
house all night where the ventilators are well below 
the stage on which the plants stand. Free ventilation 
and plenty of water about the paths and stages will all 
tend to keep down thrips and green-fly, and to keep 
the plants in robust health. 
Any plants of Cattleya Trian® which need re-potting 
may he attended to as they commence growth, and they 
will be benefited by being placed in a position where 
they will receive more moisture and shade until they 
become re-established, especially in the case of any 
plants that have been much disturbed in the operation. 
The young roots of Cattleyas are much liked by wood- 
lice, which should be well looked after, and allured 
into flower pots containing a little dry moss, or by some 
other method, and destroyed. Those who are troubled 
with cockroaches will find “The Demon ” Beetle Trap 
just what they need to rid them of these pests. 
The Temperatures for Mat should beEast 
Indian house, 70° to 75° by day, and 65° at night; the 
Cattleya house, 65° to 70° by day, and 60° at night 
and the cool or Odontoglossum house, 60° to 65° by 
day, and 55° at night.— IF. P. 
Orchid Prices. 
The catalogue of plants from Mr. Dorman’s collection 
offered for sale at Messrs. Protheroe & Morris’s Rooms on 
the 3rd inst. included a number of exceedingly good 
things, and as usual, when such is the case, there was 
a good attendance of buyers. The highest bid made 
during the sale was 58 guineas for a plant of Cypri- 
pedium leucorrhodum, with three old and three new 
growths ; and other prices realised were Cymbidium 
Philbrickianum, 15J guineas ; Masdevallia cucullata, 
13 guineas ; Odontoglossum crispum aureum mag- 
nificum, 28 guineas; Odontoglossum Schroderianum, 
13 guineas ; Leelia Perrmii nivea, 19 guineas ; Cattleya 
Wagneri, 19 guineas ; L®lia elegans prasiata, 18 
guineas ; Cattleya Mossi® Dormaniana, 15 guineas ; 
Cypripedium Morgani®, 18 guineas ; Oypripedium 
cenanthum superbum, 19 guineas ; C. Thibautianum, 
23 guineas ; Cattleya labiata, autumn-flowering variety, 
28 guineas ; Dendrobium Cooksonii, 13 guineas ; 
Cattleya Trian® magnifica, £8 18s. 6 d .; C. T. Dodgsoni, 
£7 17s. 6(7.; L®lia anceps alba, £6 16s. 6(7.; L. a. 
Williamsii, 7 guineas; Cattleya Reineckiana, 7 guineas; 
C. calummata, 7 guineas ; Cypripedium grande, 
£9 19s. 6(7. ; C. insigne Wallacei, £6 16s. 6(7. ; C. 
Druryi, £7 17s. 6 d. ; Cattleya Mendelii Morgani, 
£9 19s. 6(7. ; C. Sanderiana, 7 guineas; and Den¬ 
drobium splendidissimum, £9 19s. 6(7. On the same 
day a plant of Maxillaria Sanderiana, offered by 
Messrs. Seeger & Tropp, and bearing six flower spikes, 
was sold for 20 guineas. 
Odontoglossum vexillarium. 
Can any of your readers tell me what is the greatest 
number of blooms produced by a single bulb of Odonto¬ 
glossum vexillarium ? I have at present a small plant 
with one growth which is showing four spikes, one with 
four buds, another with seven, and two with eight 
each, making a total of twenty-seven buds which are 
just beginning to colour. This is the most that I have 
seen produced by one bulb.— John Proctor , Devcmha 
House Gardens, Aberdeen. 
Masdevallia Veitchiana. 
We noticed a plant the other day of this species, at 
Gunnersbury Park, Acton, with flowers equal in size to 
those frequently passing under the name of M. Veitch- 
iana grandiflora, and which would lead us to believe 
that it is merely a question of good cultivation whether 
the varietal name, M. Y. grandiflora should be given 
to a plant or not. Not only were the flowers large, 
but of the richest colour peculiar to the species, and a 
moderate-sized plant bore forty-eight blooms, most of 
which were fully expanded when we saw them. It 
would seem that the varietal name is but too frequently 
used when a good-sized flower makes its appearance. 
By general consent this species is considered to be the 
best of the host of kinds now in cultivation. 
The Gardeners’ Calendar. 
THE STOVE. 
Azaleas. —Batches of these that have done flowering 
should be prepared for next season’s work by removing 
the whole of the seed vessels, late flowers, and (if neces¬ 
sary) any long straggling shoots that are not required 
to tie in for filling up gaps. Should any of the plants 
be infested with red-spider or thrips, to which they are 
liable, they should be taken out of doors, or to some 
shed, and laid on their sides, in order that the under¬ 
side of the leaves may be heavily or forcibly syringed 
with Gishurst Compound, Fir Tree Oil, or paraffin, in 
very bad cases, at the rate of a wine-glassful to two 
gallons of water. By laying the plants on a board 
overlying a tub, the liquid may be used over and over 
again, thereby economising it. Wash with clean water 
afterwards. Small plants are benefited by an annual 
re-potting, placing them in a size slightly larger each 
time. Use a blunt-pointed piece of wood to ram the 
new soil down firmly, so that water applied will 
permeate the whole ball, and not run away through the 
new material. Keep the top of the ball well down below 
the level of the pot, leaving plenty of room for thorough 
watering. Place the plants in a pit, a vinery at work, 
or some house with a warm temperature to start them, 
and keep the whole well syringed to encourage growth 
and keep down insect pests. 
Coleus.— Cuttings of these struck now will make 
useful plants of a convenient size for conservatory 
decoration in late summer and autumn. For exhibition 
purposes large plants, trained in a flat manner, are 
generally held in most esteem; but for ordinary 
decorative purposes those trained in bush or pyramidal 
form are generally the most convenient. In order to get 
plants for exhibition purposes it is necessary to strike 
cuttings in autumn or very early in spring, but for the 
purpose just mentioned this is altogether unnecessary. 
THE GREENHOUSE. 
Rhodanthe Manglesi.— Autumn-sown plants of these 
will now be in flower, and prove very serviceable in the 
greenhouse to take the place of Azaleas, Tulips, 
Hyacinths, and similar things now going out of flower. 
Both the ordinary red form and the white variety are 
handsome and suitable for the purpose. They may 
also be dried by hanging them up in bunches in a cool 
airy place where direct sunshine does not get to them. 
Other sowings may now be made in the pots in which 
they are intended to flower. 
Liliums. —Several species, such as L. auratum, L. 
speciosum, L. longiflorum, and L. 1. Harrisi, are 
pushing on vigorously. Keep a sharp look-out for 
green-fly, as they do irreparable injury to the flower 
buds in a very short time. Keep the plants well 
exposed to light, and assist them with liquid manure 
as soon as the flower buds make their appearance. 
THE FORCING HOUSES. 
Early Vineries. —As soon as the Grapes in early 
houses are thoroughly ripened, a much lower tem¬ 
perature should be maintained than was required to 
force them on and mature them. With the lowering 
of the temperature a drier atmosphere must also be 
simultaneously secured by avoiding all unnecessary 
damping down, giving at the same time a copious 
supply of air. For the benefit of the foliage and to 
help the keeping of insects in check, damping down 
early in the day should be done, so that by midday 
everything will be quite dry. No more water should 
be given at the root than is necessary to keep the 
foliage fresh and the berries plump. Ventilate early 
in the day, avoiding draughts at all times, otherwise 
red-spider will be encouraged. Grapes that are just 
colouring will require to be kept warm, with plenty of 
ventilation by day, and a smaller amount at night. 
Extra artificial heat will be required to keep up the 
temperature under these conditions, and unless the sun 
be very clear and warm the fires must be kept going all 
day. Damp down early, and allow the moisture 
to dry up before the day is far advanced. 
Cucumbers. —Early batches of plants that exhibit 
declining vigour will derive much advantage by an 
addition of fresh material to the mounds covering the 
roots that are exposed. The compost should consist of 
two parts of good loam to one of well-decomposed 
farmyard manure. If this be repeated occasionally as 
the roots appear in quantity above ground a partial 
renewal of the vigour of the plants will be the result, 
to the great benefit of the successional crops of fruit. 
A liberal quantity of water at the roots will now be 
necessary, owing to the increased length of the day and 
the greater sun-heat. Cucumbers in frames should be 
watered early in the day, so that any excess of moisture 
will be dried up before night-fall. Prevent over¬ 
crowding by frequent thinning, stopping and tying. 
THE KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Grafted Trees. —All grafting should by this time be 
completed. Look over those that have been done some 
time previously, and stop up cracks in the clay that 
are liable to occur unless the same has been tied over 
with moss. In dry weather the latter will require 
moistening occasionally. 
Insects. —Much careful attention will have to be 
given fruit trees of all kinds at this early period to 
keep aphides and caterpillars in check. Where aphides 
appear syringe with weak mixtures of tobacco-water, and 
keep caterpillars in check by picking where they have 
rolled the leaves around themselves. 
-->X<-- 
LAW NOTES. 
Carter & Co. v. Oakshott & Millard. 
On the 24th ult., in the Magistrate’s Court at Reading, 
Messrs. Oakshott & Millard, seed merchants, of Reading, 
appeared to answer (on adjournment) a summons issued 
by Messrs. Carter & Co., seedsmen, High Holborn, 
London, under the “ Merchandise Marks Act,” for 
selling or exposing for sale, and having in their pos¬ 
session for sale, certain Swede seeds to which a false 
trade description was applied. 
Mr. Ashton Cross, barrister, of the Oxford Circuit 
(instructed by Mr. A. E. Hurford, solicitor, Reading), 
appeared for the complainants, and Mr. C. E. Hewett, 
solicitor, Reading, represented the defendant firm. (It 
will be remembered that when the case was called on 
Monday week, and adjourned, the parties agreed to 
accept the decision of the Justices.) 
Mr. Cross said the point raised by the case was 
whether Messrs. Oakshott & Millard were entitled to 
appropriate the name of “ Carter’s Elephant Swede”— 
a new sort of Swede introduced by his clients—and to 
bring out a seed of their own under that name, which 
was not, in fact, Carter’s Elephant at all. The new 
Swede was shown for the first time at the Cattle Show, 
1887. In February, 1888, Messrs. Carter issued a 
catalogue in which the Swede was put on the market 
at 2s. 6(7. per lb., for customers only, in lots of not more 
than 4 lbs., and stated they were unable to supply the 
seed to the trade. In February, 1889, they issued 
another catalogue, in which the Swede was given pro¬ 
minence, and it was offered in packages up to 28 lbs. 
to customers only in sealed packages bearing the 
registered trade mark, but not to the trade. It was 
impossible for a crop of seed to have been raised from 
seed sent out by Messrs. Carter in the spring of 1888 in 
time to put it on the market in 1889 ; but this year, 
when Messrs. Oakshott & Millard’s catalogue was 
issued, it offered “Carter’s Elephant Swede, a large 
oval-shaped Swede, free grower, Is. 6(7. per lb.” He 
could not prove registration of the whole name, because 
there had been a slip in the Registration Office, but 
should rely upon the fact that the trade description was 
Messrs. Carter’s alone. He urged that unless the 
defendants proved they acted without intent to defraud 
they would be liable under the Act for applying a false 
description to the goods. He should prove by a letter 
that defendants had sold, and he contended that the 
publication of the catalogue, and the correspondence, 
would show possession for sale. As to the penalties, 
the most important to the complainants would be the 
destruction of those catalogues, under sec. 2, sub-sec. 4 ; 
but the defendants could be fined £20, or sent to prison 
for four months, and the Bench might, if they thought 
fit, order the costs to be paid. 
Mr. Edward John Beale, a partner in Messrs. Carter & 
Co., gave evidence in support of the opening, and the 
correspondence was put in. 
In cross-examination, witness said they first had the 
seed in 1886. They sold Mr. King 3 lbs. or 4 lbs. 
weight, and a Mr. Duncan had the seed as well. To 
sow for seed it was necessary to plant about June, the 
seed being harvested the following July. A leaden seal 
was attached to all the bags of seed they sent out. He 
was not aware that this seed had been retailed at 9(7. 
per lb. 
Mr. John King, farmer, Broome, said he received 
some of the Elephant Swede from Messrs. Carter for 
trial in the spring of 1887. He grew it for roots, and 
had no seed to dispose of. 
Cross-examined : He grew for Carter’s and other 
firms. He sowed about two acres of the “Elephant.” 
