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THE GARDENING WORLD 
May 18, 1889. 
The Gardeners’ Calendar. 
THE STOVE. 
Atmospheric Moisture.— With the advent of really 
warm weather and more sunshine, the damping down 
of all houses kept at a high temperature must he duly 
attended to, in order to soften the arid condition of the 
atmosphere when ventilation is given. Growth in the 
great mass of stove plants is now proceeding vigorously, 
and the young expanding leaves are severely tried by a 
dry and hot condition of the atmosphere in which they 
are kept. It is true that there is no great extension of 
tissue—or, in other words, real growth—made during 
the day, simply because the leaves are kept in a limp 
condition through the great loss of water by tran¬ 
spiration. There is therefore the more need that this 
drain upon their resources should be modified by a 
liberal use of the syringe and damping down during the 
heat of the day, and likewise when the houses are 
closed in the afternoon. 
Bougainvillea glabra. — Cultivators of this 
beautiful plant may be reminded that although it can 
be grown under a variety of temperatures, it generally 
succeeds best in an intermediate house. It may, how¬ 
ever, be grown in a stove or in a greenhouse. In the 
latter case it will be later in coming into bloom, but 
the profusion of bracts which it there makes, and their 
durability, ought to be sufficient proof that the species 
delights in free ventilation. This is often overlooked 
when the plant is grown in a stove, and as a con¬ 
sequence the shoots become elongated and thin, while 
the bracts are more scantily produced, and endure but 
a comparatively short time. Therefore the inference 
to be drawn is that it should be fully exposed and well 
ventilated to give the desired results. As a wall 
climber in the open air in India it is simply gorgeous. 
PoinsettIAS. —If these have been cut back in due 
time they will now be ready for shaking out of the old 
soil and re-potting. If allowed to remain as they are 
until the shoots have attained too great a length they 
receive a check that is anything but beneficial to the 
future well-being of the foliage. Before potting off the 
Poinsettias singly they should be allowed to become 
thoroughly well rooted. 
■Winter-flowering Plants. —The stoves and pro¬ 
pagating pits, now crowded in every corner with young 
stuff for winter flowering and summer bedding, may be 
relieved to a great extent by the removal of many 
of them to pits or frames where a moderate heat is 
kept up by fermenting material. The pots containing 
them may be plunged in soil on the top of the bed, and 
if properly attended to in the matter of syringing and 
ventilation, will make good progress. 
THE FORCING HOUSES. 
The Vineries. — Muscats and other kinds started 
about the same time are now swelling rapidly, and 
must receive due encouragement, with a liberal use of 
water, both at the roots and in the atmosphere. The 
use of guano or liquid manure, given at alternate 
waterings, will assist them greatly. The paths and 
stages should be damped down several times a day to 
keep up a due proportion of atmospheric moisture during 
dry warm weather. Syringing of the Vines should he 
discontinued before the Grapes begin to colour, especi¬ 
ally if the water contains much chalk, which soils and 
disfigures the berries, thereby preventing a proper 
development of the bloom, so indispensable to the 
correct finishing of Grapes. Ventilate early in the 
morning. 
Melons. —Plant successive batches of these as they 
become ready. Where house accommodation is limited, 
Cucumbers should give place to Melons, and be planted 
in frames heated with fermenting materials. In many 
cases it will also be necessary to grow Melons in frames. 
Those that have been used for the growth of early 
Potatos can be utilised for this purpose, and planting 
should be set about at once. 
Strawberries. —Batches of these, now ripening, 
may be transferred to the orchard house or other 
structure where ventilation is freely given. This will 
furnish space for another batch to be brought forward, 
while they themselves will benefit by the change, and 
the berries will colour better. 
THE KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Cauliflower, &c. —The spring sowings of such things 
as Cauliflower, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbages, 
and other things, should be planted in their permanent 
quarters as soon as ready. The heavy showers to which 
we have recently been subjected leaves the ground in 
exeellenteondition for planting, andif the work is effected 
immediately, the plants will have obtained a firm footing 
before the advent of drought, should that intervene. 
The hoe should be kept actively at work amongst all 
growing crops, especially where the ground is heavy. 
Mulch Strawberries with litter, not manure, at this 
advanced season, if the work has not already been 
accomplished. 
HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES. 
Crystal Palace. —May 1 Ith. 
The great summer exhibition was held on Saturday 
last, and although it did , not present much in the 
way of novelty, yet as compared with those of the last 
few years, was of a much higher order of merit all 
round, and the tasteful grouping of the various classes 
bj r Mr. Head provided an amount of change that was 
highly appreciated. 
The best nine stove and greenhouse plants, in the 
open class, were those shown by Mr. W. Chapman, 
girdener to J. Spode, Esq., Hawkesyard Park, Rugeley, 
Staffs. He had well-flowered specimens of Tremandra 
eriecefolia, Dracophyllum gracile, Darwinia macrostegia, 
Statice profusa, Erica profusa, Ixora Dixiana and I. 
coccinea. Mr. Win. Finch, gardener to Jas. Marriott, 
Esq., Queen’s Road, Coventry, took the second prize ; 
and Mr. H. James, West Norwood, came in third. 
The first honours for nine greenhouse Azaleas, as 
well as eighteen in 9-in pots, were taken by Mr. 
Chas. Turner, the Royal Nurseries, Slough. His 
plants were both the largest and the best flowered. Mr. 
H. James was second in the class for nine specimens, and 
was also second for Heaths, there being no other compe¬ 
titor. Mr. T. N. Penfold, gardener to the Rev. Canon 
Bridges, Beddington, took the first prize for fine-foliaged 
plants with fine specimens of Carludovica Drudei, 
Phyllotienium Lindeni, Spathiphyllum pictum, and 
others. Mr. A. Offer, Handcross Park, Crawley, was 
a good second. Mr. T. N. Penfold had also the best 
Ferns, and was followed by Mr. H. James. The first 
prize for nine Orchids went to Mr. J. Douglas, gardener 
to Mrs. Whitbourn, Great Gearies, Ilford, who had 
good pieces of Dendrobium fimbriatum oculatum, Cym- 
bidium Lowianum, Odontoglossum Roezlii, and others ; 
he was followed by Mr. H. James. Some of the Crotons 
were of good size, but by no means brightly coloured. 
The first prize was awarded to Mr. A. Offer, and the 
second to Mr. J. R. Bird, gardener to J. Causton, Esq., 
Alleyn Park, West Dulwich. The latter took the first 
place for Dracaenas, which were small but well grown ; 
he was followed by Mr. T. N. Penfold. There were 
several groups of Caladiums, but those of Messrs. 
J. Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, including Candidum, 
Leopold Robert, Clio, Mithridate, and Ferdinand de 
Lesseps, were by far the best. The second prize went 
to Mr. W. Monk, gardener to G. R. Higgins, Eist- 
lands, Dulwich. Mr. C. Turner took the first prizes in 
two classes for Pelargoniums ; and Mr. D. Phillips, 
Langley Broom, Slough, was first for eighteen of the 
show and decorative type. The premier prize for 
Gloxinias was taken by Mr. J. Hopkins, gardener to 
M. Jacoby, Esq., Lynnwood, Gipsy Hill. There was a 
good competition in the class for Roses in pots, the first 
prize being taken by Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt; the 
second by Mr. Wm. Rumsey, Waltham Cross ; and the 
third by Mr. C. Turner. Mr. H. Long, gardener to H. C. 
Barker, Esq., Leigham Court Road, Streatham, had the 
best Calceolarias, and Mr. M. Sullivan, gardener to 
D. B. Chapman, Esq., Devonshire House, Roehampton, 
the best dinner-table plants. Mr. H. James was the 
only competitor for Sarracenias and Nepenthes. 
H. Little, Esq, (gardener, Mr. Howard), The Barons, 
Twickenham, was the only exhibitor of a group of 
Orchids, and Messrs. J. Laing & Sons had the only 
group arranged for effect. Mr. J. Douglas had the 
best specimen Orchid ; Mr. W. Chapman had the best 
stove plant in bloom ; Mr. C. Turner had the best 
greenhouse plant; and Mr. J. Lambert, gardener to 
H. W. Segelcke, Esq., Herne Hill, showed the best 
specimen foliage plant. The first prizes for button¬ 
hole, bridal and ordinary bouquets were taken by 
Messrs. Perkins & Son, Coventry. The first prize for 
three vases went to Mr. E. Chadwick, gardener to 
E. M. Nelson, Esq., Ealing ; and for one vase to Mr. 
Thos. Butcher, Croydon. Mr. H. James had the best 
twenty-four bunches of cut flowers. 
In the amateurs’ classes Mr. W. Chapman again took 
the first prize for stove and greenhouse plants, Mr. 
A. Offer being second. The latter exhibitor had the 
best six Azaleas, and he was followed by Mr. J. Ford, 
gardener to Sir C. Piggott, Bart., Wexham Park, 
Slough, who had some fine examples. The same order 
was observed by the last two exhibitors in the class for 
fine-foliaged plants. Mr. A. Offer had the best Ferns 
and the finest Dracienas. H. Little, Esq., took the 
first prize for Orchids ; Mr. T. N. Penfold was first for 
Crotons ; and Mr. C. Nunn, gardener to J. Soames, 
Esq., Greenwich Park, took the leading prize for 
Gloxinias. The first prizes in both the classes for 
Pelargoniums in this division were taken by Mr. D. 
Phillips. The best Calceolarias came from Mr. A. 
Carter, gardener to Alderman Evans, Ewell Grove, 
Ewell. The first prize for twelve hunches of cut 
flowers was taken by Mr. E. Chadwick. 
Special prizes were offered by Messrs. J. Carter & Co., 
High Holborn, for Carter’s Model Cucumber. The 
first went to Mr. T. Lockie, Oakley Court, Windsor ; 
the second to Mr. W. Taylor, Ellengowan, Shortlands, 
Kent; and the third to Mr. A. Offer. Messrs, Sutton 
& Sons, Reading, also offered prizes for Gloxinias and 
the best brace of Cucumbers. In the class for Gloxinias 
Mr. J. R. Bird took the first prize ; Mr. J. Hopkins 
was second ; and Mr. J. Read, gardener to G. Coulson, 
Esq., Fernside, Sydenham Hill, came in third. Mr. 
T. Lockie again took the first prize for Cucumbers ; he 
was followed by Mr. A. Newell, gardener to Sir E. 
Saunders, Fairlawn, Wimbledon Common ; and Mr. 
E. Trusler, Gipsy Hill, was third. 
There were numerous exhibits in the miscellaneous 
class, including a group of tuberous Begonias, both 
single and double flowered, in many striking colours, 
from Messrs. J. Laing & Sons. There was also a showy 
group of Cinerarias dotted with plants of the Bermuda 
Easter Lily (Lilium longifolium Harrisii), together 
with some named varieties of Mimulus from Messrs. 
J. Carter & Co. A large group of Daffodils, Anemone.?, 
Tulips, Iris, Trollium grandiflorum, &c., was exhibited 
by Messrs. Barr & Son, Covent Garden. Messrs. Paul 
& Son, showed Tiarella cordifolia, Arnebia echioides, 
Saxifraga Camposii, and other herbaceous plants. 
Messrs. John Peed & Son, Mitcham Road, Streatham, 
showed a bold group of Anthurium Scherzerianum set 
up with Ferns and Palms. Mr. Fred. Hooper, Wid- 
combe Hill, Bath, had two fine boxes of Marechal Xiel 
Roses, with a pure white Pink named Her Majesty. 
Mareehal Niel Roses were also exhibited by Mr. J. 
Walker, Thame, Oxon. Mr. J. Brown, gardener to 
Mrs. Waterlow, Great Doods, Reigate, had fine Mig¬ 
nonette and Mauve Beauty Stock. Pyramidal and 
standard specimens of Mignonette were shown by Mr. 
J. R. Bird. A tricolor Pelargonium named Hrrbonr 
Light was shown by Mr. W. Hibburt ; and plants as 
well as trusses of a white Pelargonium, named Pearl, 
were shown by Mr. Rupert Miller, Shoreham, Sussex. 
Royal Horticultural.—J lay \ith. 
There was an interesting display of various subjects at 
the Drill Hall, Westminster, on Tuesday last, the 
chief features of which were about equally divided 
between hardy outdoor subjects, and those grown under 
glass, such as forced Roses, Azaleas, Orchids, and 
others. A Silver-gilt Banksian Medal was awarded to 
Messrs. W r illiam Paul & Son, Waltham Cross, for a 
large group of Roses in pots surrounded with Adiantums, 
and six boxes of cut bloom. Amongst the Roses were 
well-flowered specimens of Queen of Queens, Magna 
Charta, Madame Fanny de Forrest, La France, Yiolette 
de Bouyer, Dr. Andry, Crown Prince, Ulrich Brunner, 
and others. A similar award was made to Messrs. 
Birr & Son, Covent Garden, for a large group of 
Daffodils and other Narcissi, also Iris iberica, I. 
Chamreiris and various of its forms, Saxifraga cordifolia 
purpurea, Funkia ovata aurea, F. o. maculata major, 
Anemone fulgens, A. coronaria, Doronicum planta- 
gineum excelsum, Ranunculus asiaticus medio- 
viridis, and others. Mr. J. Walker, Whitton, 
exhibited a large and showy collection of Parrot 
Tulips, with ragged petals and variegated with scarlet, 
green, and yellow. Amongst them were other sorts, 
such as T. narbonensis alba, T. elegans alba, white 
with red edge ; T. retroflexa, yellow ; T. vitellina, pale 
lemon ; Golden Eigle, yellow with red edge ; White 
Swan, large white ; T. Gesneriana, red, and others. 
A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. To Mr. C. 
Turner, Slough, a similar award was made for a group 
of greenhouse Azaleas, trained as conical bushes. 
Amongst them were Charmer, rose ; Mrs. Turner, pink ; 
Cordon Bleu, violet-purple ; Jean Vervsene, red and 
pink, about equally mixed; aud Jules Verne, white 
striped with red. Messrs. H. Lane & Son, Berkham- 
stead, were awarded a Silver Banksian Medal for a 
group of forced Roses, including Magna Charta, Ulrich 
Brunner, Edward Morren, Souvenir d’un Ami, well- 
flowered ; Princess Beatrice, a rose-coloured H.P. ; and 
Madame Lacharme, blush. Messrs. J. Veiteh & Sons, 
Chelsea, were awarded a Bronze Banksian Medal for a 
group of Japan Maples, mostly forms of Acer palmatum. 
A. p. tricolor, A. p. sangnineum tricolor, A. p. dis- 
sectum elegans, and A. p. roseum marginatum, were 
very elegant. 
The groups of Orchids, although small, exhibited 
some very interesting features. A Silver-gilt Banksian 
Medal was awarded to C. J. Partington, Esq. (gardener, 
Mr. B. Searing), Heaton House, Cheshunt, for a 
splendidly-grown group of Masdevallia Harryana in 
intense shades of crimson, violet-purple, and scarlet. 
He also showed a plant of Phalienopsis grandiflora, 
bearing a large much-branched inflorescence of white 
flowers, for which a Cultural Commendation was given. 
A new Lielia, a bi-generic hybrid of great beauty and 
value, was shown by Messrs. J. Veiteh k Sons, and a 
First Class Certificate was awarded to it by the Orchid 
Committee, together with a Silver Banksian Medal, 
which was afterwards withdrawn by the Council. They 
also showed Masdevallia caudata-estradae and a double 
scarlet Amaryllis named Multiplex. Sir Trevor 
Lawrence, Bart., Burford Lodge, Dorking, exhibited a 
group of Orchids, amongst which were a beautiful 
rosy-sepalled Lycaste Harrisoniie, also Cypripedium 
bellatulum, Epidendrum glumaceum, Dendrobium 
signatum, an uncommon yellow species with a brown 
blotch. F. G. Tautz, Esq. (Mr. C. Cowley, gardener), 
Studley House, Hammersmith, exhibited Odontoglossum 
egregrum, to which a First Class Certificate was 
awarded, but subsequently referred back by the Council 
to the Orchid Committee for reconsideration. Two fine 
Cypripediums were shown by R. H. Measures, Esq., 
Camberwell, namely, C. Mastersi and C. Carrierei. A 
curious variety of Odontoglossum citrosmum, with pale 
salmon sepals and petals, as well as Calanthe Tracyaua, 
were shown by Messrs. Heath & Son, Cheltenham. Mr. 
R. C. Fraser, gardener to R. B. White, Esq., Arddaroch, 
Gaerloclihead, N.B., exhibited a fine form of Cattleya 
Mendelii, and Lielia purpurata, Mr. Brooman White’s 
variety, with a very dark lip. Cut blooms of Cattleya 
