August 3, 1889. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
777 
The fruit section was well filled, Grapes being staged 
in quantity rather than quality. The white varieties 
especially were short of colour, and in some cases un¬ 
ripe. Mr. A. Grove, gardener to E. N. Buxton, Esq., 
Knighton, Woodford, secured first prizes for three 
bunches of black Grapes in the open division, and also 
in that for gentlemen’s gardeners. Mr. A. Smith, 
gardener to W. H. Sewell, Esq., Buckhurst Hill, was 
first for three hunches in the open division, and in the 
same position for three bunches of Muscats in the 
gardeners’ section. The last-mentioned exhibitor was 
also to the fore for six varieties of fruit, staging three 
dishes of Peaches. 
Cut flowers call for no comment, the Roses being past 
their best and staged in an unusual manner. When 
foliage is added, it ought to be other than Rose leaves, 
as the effect of Teas on H. P. foliage is hardly to be 
desired. The ladies’ exhibits were a special feature, 
and were much admired. Miss Ada Bose had an 
effective combination of vases filled with Maidenhair 
Pern, Gypsophila paniculata, grasses, and Iceland 
Poppies ; Miss Ziegle was a good second. For a single 
vase, Miss Walker had a light and beautiful arrange¬ 
ment. Button-holes were numerous, but too large. 
Mr. E. P. Point and his committee are to be congratu¬ 
lated on their successful exhibition, but they should 
impress upon the competitors the desirability of uni 
formity in the plant classes, by raising where required 
the individual specimens, but using stands that do not 
mar the exhibits, and are unobtrusive to the eye. 
Large numbers of visitors favoured the society with 
their patronage, and availed themselves of the pleasure 
of viewing the lawn, flower gardens, and conservatories 
of the president, which were in themselves an horticul¬ 
tural treat. Special exhibits, not for competition, of 
cut Roses, herbaceous cut flowers, &e., were shown by 
Messrs. W. Paul & Son, Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt, 
and Mr. W. Rumsey. 
Tibsbelf Floral and Horticultural. 
The fourteenth exhibition of this flourishing society 
was held, in a field adjoining the station, on July 23rd, 
and again proved to be very successful. The show was 
a good one in every respect, the groups arranged for 
effect especially being a most attractive feature. These 
occupied the centre of the large circular tent, and the 
stages on the outside were devoted to the Roses and 
fruit exhibits. Six good groups were put up, each 
occupying 160 ft., and most of the competitors were 
old rivals. The first prize of £10 and the Yeitch 
Memorial Medal was awarded to Mr. Webb, gardener 
to Mrs. Sutton, Kelham Hall, Newark, who was closely 
followed by Mr. Lyon, Ossington Gardens, and Mr. G. 
Williams, of Didsbury, who were second and third, 
Mr. J. Ward, Riddings House Gardens, being fourth, 
and Mr. Haslam, fifth. These groups were a decided 
improvement on those previously put up by the same 
exhibitors. 
The cut Roses were excellent. First for seventy-two, 
Messrs. Harkness; second, Mr. Robert Mack; third, 
Mr. Prince. For forty-eight, Mr. Merryweather, 
Southwell, was first with good clean blooms. Fruit 
was fairly good, especially that shown by Mr. Edmonds, 
The Gardens, Bestwood, Notts, who was first for the 
collection, and Mr. J. Ward, who was a good second. 
The latter was also first for a collection of vegetables, 
with a clean lot nicely put up. Mr. Ward, amongst 
other prizes, also secured the first for six Ferns—good 
well-grown clean specimens, and for box of cut flowers, 
&c. 
The amateurs’ and cottagers’ classes were well filled, 
the competition being very keen and the quality of 
the exhibits first-rate. The attendance of visitors was 
very large, and the pleasures of the day were only 
marred by a heavy downpour of rain about five o’clock. 
Trentham Horticultural. —July 29th. 
The second annual exhibition of the above society was 
held in the splendid grounds of Trentham by per¬ 
mission of his Grace the Duke of Sutherland, and 
was in every way a success. A more beautiful spot 
than this could not be found for holding an exhibition, 
the magnificent undulating grounds, fine hills clothed 
with lovely foliage, the grand lake, fine terrace, and 
princely mansion all adding to the attractions of the 
day. The honorary secretaries, Mr. John Tayler 
and Mr. P. Blair, are to be congratulated upon their 
admirable arrangements, which left nothing to be 
desired. The show was formally opened by the Duke 
of Sutherland, who in a few well-chosen words spoke 
most encouragingly of the prospects of the society. 
The groups arranged for effect were the principal 
features of the show, and the whole of one end of the 
largest tent was occupied by a collection of plants most 
artistically arranged by Mr. Blair. The fine Orchids 
and fine-foliaged plants were not overcrowded, and 
consequently were seen to the best advantage. In a 
competition open to all the first prize was awarded to 
Mr. Stevens, gardener to W. Thomson, Esq., of Stone, 
for a group which contained many fine Orchids ; second, 
Mr. Harris, Stone ; third, Mr. Adams, gardener to the 
Marquis of Stafford. 
Roses were good, and made a grand display. Messrs. 
Dickson &Son, Newtownards, secured the highest award 
for thirty-six, Messrs. Harkness & Son, Bedale, coming 
in second, and Messrs. Perkins, of Coventry, third. 
For twenty-four, Messrs. Dickson were again to the 
fore, Messrs. Perkins being this time second, and 
Messrs. Dicksons Limited, Chester, third. For twelve 
bunches of stove and greenhouse flowers, Mr. Stevens, 
of Stone, was easily first with a superb lot. For bridal 
and ball bouquets, Messrs. Perkins, of Coventry, were 
first in both classes, also for button-hole flowers, while 
the premier award for an epergne was easily secured by 
Mrs. Blair with an elegant combination. Wild flowers 
were shown in quantity, and were greatly admired. 
Fruit and vegetables were shown in quantity, and 
the quality was quite up to the usual standard. The 
first prize for a collection of eight dishes was awarded 
to Mr. Thorpe, of N ewark, who was closely followed by 
Mr. Gilman, of Ingestre, and Mr. Edmonds, of Best- 
wood. Mr. Wilkes, gardener to G. Meakin, Esq., was 
first for three bunches of black Grapes, and Mr. 
Edmonds for three bunches of white. The same ex¬ 
hibitor (Mr. Wilkes) was also first for two bunches of 
black, and Mr. Edmonds again first for whites. For a 
collection of vegetables, eight varieties, Mr. Fitzherbert 
was first in a strong competition. The other classes 
were well filled, the quality being excellent. 
The weather was splendid, and nearly 20,000 people 
visited the show, all of whom appeared to much appre¬ 
ciate the privilege of being allowed to ramble through 
the beautiful gardens ; and it is pleasing to hear that 
not the slightest damage of any description was done. 
— - - - >X<- - 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
Chrysanthemums and French Beans.— Edwin Beevers: We 
could detect no fungus or insects on your Chrysanthemums, and 
we have been familiar with the diseased aspect presented by them 
for some time. So far as we have been able to determine at 
present, the ailment is a constitutional one, brought about by 
high culture under rather unnatural or unfavourable circum¬ 
stances, sometimes by excessive propagation, and especially 
from cuttings that have not been sufficiently exposed to the light 
to render them firm before taking off. Cool treatment would be 
more favourable to their general well-being when struck, than if 
they were subjected to a high temperature ; weakening in this 
manner renders them liable to disease or to malformation in their 
development. We should advise you to examine the roots and 
see whether they are not infested with nematoid worms, and 
whether the drainage is good. Plants affected in the way that 
yours are have afterwards become healthy and strong. If the 
soil and roots are in good condition, then try them with some 
stimulating food, either artificial or liquid manure. Some of the 
specimens sent were injured by something altogether different, 
and the same applies more forcibly to the Beans, the leaves of 
which have been punctured in their early stages by some insect, 
most probably Frog Hoppers (Aphrophora spumaria), which 
have been plentiful this season. When you observe the Cuckoo 
spit early in summer brush it off during a bright day and the 
larvae will get dried up and killed, or syriDge with tobacco-water 
in which one ounce of soft-soap to a gallon of water has been 
mixed. 
Early Chrysanthemums. — IF. S.: You might exhibit the 
cut blooms of Madame Desgranges at one of the meetings of the 
Boyal Horticultural Society, but whether the Floral Committee 
would notice them we cannot say. We know the position in 
which your plants are growing, and there is nothing unusual in 
this variety doing well in such a place. 
Florists' Flowers to Name. — W. IF., and F. S., Pembroke: 
Sorry we cannot oblige you. Single flowers of Pinks and 
Fuchsias are quite beyond our powers of identification. 
Forget-me-not and Silene.— Omega: Seeds of the former 
may be sown at any time. You do not say what species you 
refer to, but we presume you mean Myosotis sylvatica. If so, 
then sow the seeds at once, and assist their germination by 
watering in dry weather. The seedlings will attain some size 
before winter, and flower in spring. They would be considerably 
hastened in germination if you sow in a box, and place them in 
a cold frame or under a hand-light, keeping close till the seed¬ 
lings are up. They are quite hardy, and will stand the winter 
without protection. Sow your seeds of Silene immediately in 
the beds or borders where they are intended to flower, or you 
may sow them on some spare piece of ground, and afterwards 
transplant into their permanent quarters during autumn or open 
weather in winter. Do not bury the seeds too deeply, and water 
till the seedlings appear above ground. If they come up too 
thickly you must thin them out, unless you intend transplanting 
them. 
Lady Downe’s Grape. — Constant Reader: The berries you 
sent us are affected with what is known as the spot in Grapes. 
It commences by showing a whitislj or dull-colouretj spot in the 
young and growing stage of the berry, and the affected part 
ceases to grow, thereby producing a depression or cavity as the 
fruit develops. Sections failed to show any signs of fungus or 
other visible cause. The cells of the affected parts have been 
very much flattened, the walls of the outer ones nearly touching 
one another so as to obliterate the cavity, and the contents in 
places are more or less discoloured. The skin of the young 
fruit of Lady Downes is very tender and liable to scalding if the 
conditions with regard to ventilation are in any way favourable 
to it. The only thing you can do now is simply to remove the 
spoiled or affected berries, as they can never swell out in the 
usual way. The exact cause has never been determined, but the 
general impression is that the ventilators are too rapidly opened 
on the mornings of bright days when the berries are still moist, 
thus giving them a chill or check with the result as you now 
see it. 
Melons Splitting. — T. 0.: The treatment you give your 
Melons would suit them very well in a young and growing con¬ 
dition, but as the fruits approach maturity you should keep the 
atmosphere of the house in a much drier condition, by giving a 
freer ventilation and avoiding the use of the syringe. Less 
water should be given at the roots, or almost none if they are 
planted out, from the time they attain full size, and certainly 
before the skin commences to crack. Seeing that you have been 
giving them a liberal supply of water up to now, you could 
hardly expect the fruits to finish off without cracking. After 
the skin ceases growing, the fruits get overgorged with water, 
when the plants continue to be watered, and splitting must of 
a necessity ensue. 
Names of Plants.— IF. Stevens: Both the Odontoglossums 
you sent are supposed natural hybrids allied to O. mulus, and 
between O. odoratum and O. luteo-purpureum. Neither appear to 
have been named, but both may be considered as small forms of 
O. mulus, itself a hybrid. Omega: 1, Codlins-and-Cream, or 
Epilobium hirsutum; 2, Common or Wood Hedge Nettle, 
Stachys sylvatica. 
Worms and Cuttings.— Omega: The best remedy you can 
apply at present, if your frame is alread y occupied with cuttings, 
is to dissolve a few lumps of quick-lime in a pail of water, and 
when the sediment has subsided pour off the clear liquid into a 
watering pot, afterwards diluting with more water. Then give 
your bed of cuttings a watering through a rosed pot, and a great 
number of worms will get alarmed and leave their burrows, when 
they may be caught. Before making up a bed for cuttings on 
another occasion remove the soil, and place a layer of clean 
sifted coal-ashes in the bottom to the depth of 3 ins. On the 
top place the soil intended for the cuttings, and then make firm: 
The ashes will check the progress of worms from beneath 
upwards into the beds. See that the soil you put into the frame 
contains no worms—at least, no large ones. 
5 Communications Received. —G. P., Junr.—Visitor.—A. B.— 
D. P. L.-C. L. A.—R. D—A. G.—Pathfinder.- W. B. H.— 
M. McL. 
-- 
TEADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
W. B. Hartland, 24, Patrick Street, Cork.—Catalogue of 
Daffodils, Oxlips, Cowslips, Primroses, and Hellebores. 
W. Cutbush & Sons, Highgate, N., Hyacinths, Tulips, and 
other Bulbous Roots. 
-- 
THE WEATHER. 
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean reading 
of the barometer during the week ending July 27th 
was 29 59 ins.; the lowest reading was 29'38 ins. on 
Thursday evening, and the highest 29'83 ins. at the 
end of the week. The mean temperature of the air 
was 58 T°, and 47° below the average in the corre¬ 
sponding weeks of the twenty years ending 1868. The 
mean was below the average throughout the week, the 
coldest day being Tuesday, when the mean fell to 56 '4°, 
and was 6 '4° below the average. The general direction 
of the wind was W.S.W., and the horizontal movement 
of the air averaged 12 9 miles per hour, which was 3'1 
miles above the average in the corresponding weeks of 
sixteen years. Rain fell on six days of the week, to 
the aggregate amount of 0 '90 of an inch. The duration 
of registered bright sunshine in the week was 26'5 
hours, against 29 '2 hours at Glynde Place, Lewes. 
-»So- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
July 29th. 
Messrs. Hurst & Sox, 152, Houndsditch, and 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, report a moderate sale for 
Trifolium incarnatum, Mustard and Rape seed. 
Deliveries of the latter article are still out of condition. 
Values all round are unaltered. Bird seeds dull. 
-->K-- 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
July 31st. 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Artichokes, Globe,doz. 3 0 6 0 
Asparagus .... per 100 
Beans, French, per lb. 0 6 
Beet .per dozen 2 0 3 0 
Cabbages_per doz. 1 6 
Carrots ... .per bunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers, English, 
per dozen 3 0 6 0 
Celery .. ..per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers ....each 0 4 0 10 
Endive, French, doz. 2 6 3 6 
s.d. s.d 
Herbs .. ..per bunch 0 2 0 4 
Horse Radish, bundle 3 0 5 0 
Lettuces ..per dozen 1 2 0 
Mushrooms, p. basket 13 2 0 
Onions.. ..per bushel 7 0 9 0 
Parsley.... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes .. per dozen 1 6 
Small salading, punnet 0 4 
J Spinach, per strike ..20 
Tomatos _per lb. 0 9 10 
i Turnips ....perbun. 0 6 
Potatos.— Kent Regents, 80s. to 100 s. per ton ; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to 100s. per ton; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
