282 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
December 29, 1888. 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
Grub-eatbn Peas. — H. B. : If very much affected, the safest 
plan would be to destroy or burn the Peas. It is said that Peas 
in this condition are injurious to animals that eat them, but 
whatever the case may be if eaten in a raw state, the harm can¬ 
not be so great when the peas are cooked ; for Peas destroyed in 
this way by the grubs of Bruchus granarius are very plentiful in 
some parts of the country. The perfect beetles pair in summer, 
while the Peas are in flower, and lay their eggs in the seeds. 
From these eggs grubs are hatched out, which feed and bore into 
the peas in which they reside till a suitable time next spring or 
summer, when they assume the perfect form and commence 
operations again. Therefore, if you sow the peas affected with 
grubs, they will certainly be attacked in like manner again. 
Maize Ripening. — J. R. L.: Tes, you may be able to ripen 
fruit in your locality in the open air in a favourable season. 
Last summer, although you failed, is no criterion of what can 
be done in this country, because the amount of sunshine was 
abnormally small and the temperature much below the average. 
Next spring, say in March, we would advise you to sow seeds in 
pots, pans, or boxes, as nny be most convenient, and forward 
the plants under glass until the weather becomes favourable for 
planting them in the open ground. Of course the more liberally 
you treat them the stronger they will be in May or June, when 
they should be transferred to a piece of rich ground in a sunny 
open position. The spikes of fruit may not be so large as those 
grown in warmer countries, but they will ripen and generally be 
as highly coloured. 
Mookpark Apricot. — J. Norie: It is quite common for this 
tree to go off suddenly even when grow'n under glass as in your 
case. Many other stone fruits are liable to lose large branches 
in a single season, although apparently in fair health ; but the 
Moorpark Apricot is specially liable to this failing, and a half 
or even the whole tree will die in a single season, although it 
may have borne heavily the previous one. You might try the 
Peach Apricot, which is so closely similar as to be almost 
identical. It is so far different, however, that it must be grown 
on the Brompton, Brussels, or Damas Noir Stocks, and not on 
the common Plum. Like the Moorpark variety it is a very old 
one. 
Names of Plants. — C. W. K: A species of Eria, which we 
cannot identify from the materials sent. A. C.: 1, Oncidium 
ornithorhynchum ; 2 , Odontoglossum nebulosum ; 3 , Maxillaria 
punctata. 
Parsnips Eaten. —if. Findlater: Your best plan under the 
circumstances would be to try growing the Parsnips in a different 
part of the garden, so that the insects which destroy the 
leaves to such an extent may not so readily find the plants -when 
they are again hatched but in summer. The mining of the leaves 
is done by the larvae of a small fly named Zephritis Onopordinis. 
Towards the end of the summer, w-hen the larvae have attained 
their full size, they change into pupae in the leaf, or more often 
drop into the soil, and there assume this form. By carefully 
examining the soil you may even be able to detect them as small, 
oval, dirty green or brownish bodies about the eighth of an 
inch or slightly longer. The best means of destroying them at 
this season would be to dig gas-lime into the soil. When the 
plants are growing, look after them rather closely, and pinch 
the grub between the finger and the thumb, whenever it makes 
its appearance in the burrows. 
Shirley Poppies. — A. Strachan: These merely constitute a 
modern strain of the common field Poppy. It is more than 
probable that the same or similar varieties existed in gardens 
many years ago, when the cultivation of this species was first 
taken in hand. In process of time, double varieties began to be 
produced, and as they increased in number and were improved 
in quality, they gradually displaced the single forms, until, at 
length, according to the fashion of the day, double varieties 
only were considered worth cultivating, just as in the case of 
Pinks, Carnations, Dahlias, Roses, &c. Single flowers of many 
kinds are now greatly appreciated, hence the development of a 
single strain which was first taken in hand at Shirley Vicarage, 
Croydon, and is now being widely distributed over the land. 
The flowers are large, frail, and not very durable, but display a 
great variety of the most pleasing shades of rose, scarlet, red , 
pink, white, and mixtures of several of these shades in one 
flower. You may safely get them for ordinary border decoration, 
for which they are well adapted. 
Communications Received.— R. S. & S.—D. P. L.—W. J. M.— 
J. T. B.—C. W. K.—C. M.— A. O.—A. G.—J. P.—E. W. & S. 
-- 
TEADE CATALOGUES EECEIVED, 
E. Webb & Sons, Wordsley, Stourbridge.—Spring Catalogue 
for 18S9. 
Dickson & Robinson, 12, Old Millgate, Manchester.—Vege¬ 
table and Flower Seeds. 
Dicksons (Limited), Chester.-Vegetable and Flower Seeds. 
Stuart & Mein, Kelso, N.B.—Amateurs’ Gardening Guide 
and Spring Catalogue. 
--SK-- 
GOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
December 26th. 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s.d. s.d. s.d. s.d. 
Artichokes, Globe,doz. 3 0 6 0 Horse Radish, bundle 3 0 5 0 
Beans, French, per lb. 1 6 Lettuces ..per dozen 16 2 0 
Beet, per dozen. 2 0 3 0 Mushrooms, p. basket 10 13 
Cabbages-per doz. 1 6 Onions, per bushel .. 7 0 9 0 
Carrots .... per bunch 0 6 , Parsley, per bunch ..06 
Cauliflowers, English, | Radishes, per dozen.. 1 6 
per dozen . 2 0 3 0 j Small salading,punnet 0 4 
Celery, per bundle ..2 0 1 Spinach, per strike ..2 0 
Cucumbers, each- 0 6 0 9; Tomatos, per lb. 13 19 
Endive, French, doz. 2 6 3 6 Turnips, perbun. 0 6 
Herbs, per bunch_ 0 2 0 4 1 
Potatos.- Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton; Kent Kidneys. 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. Pine-apples, 8 t. s.d. 
Apples, i-sieve. 2 0 4 6 Michaels, each_ 2 0 
Cobs .. per 100 lbs. 100 0 Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 1 0 
Grapes .per lb. 0 10 3 0 
s.d. 
7 0 
1 6 
SCHWEITZER’S 
OCO ATI N A. 
Canadian and Nova Scotia Apples, per barrel, 7s. to 18s. 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms. 9 0 15 
Azaleas ....12 sprays 0 10 1 
Bouvardias, per bun. 0 6 1 
Camellias, 12 blooms 2 0 4 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 2 
Chrysanthemums, 
12 blooms 10 4 
— 12 hunches . 4 0 12 
Cornflower, 12 bunch. 
Cyclamen. .12 blooms 0 6 1 
Eucharis, per dozen.. 4 0 6 
Gardenias, 12 blooms. 6 0 9 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 0 6 1 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 2 0 4 
Lilium longiflorum, 
12 blooms 5 0 9 
MaidenhairFern, 12 bns 4 0 9 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 3 0 6 
Mignonette, 12 bun. 2 0 4 
Pelargoniums,12spys. 10 1 
— scarlet, 12 sprays.. 6 0 9 
0 | Paper White Narciss, 
0 12 sprays 0 9 
0-French, doz. 
0 : bunches 3 0 
0 ; Poinsettia, doz. blms. 4 0 
: Primroses..doz.buns. 1 0 
0 1 Primula, double, bun. 0 9 
0 Roman Hyacinths, 
12 sprays 1 0 
0-(French),12 bun. 2 0 
0 1 Roses, Tea, per dozen 1 0 
0 — Red.per doz. 1 0 
0 — Saffrano .. per doz. 1 6 
0 Stephanotis ,12 sprays 6 0 
Tuberoses, per dozen. 1 0 
0 Violets ..12 bunches 1 0 
0 — Parme, French, 
0 12 bunches 3 6 
0 — dark French, bun. 1 6 
6 Wallflowers.12 bnchs, 4 0 
0 White Lilac, French, 
per bun. 5 0 
s.d. 
1 0 
6 0 
6 0 
2 0 
1 0 
1 6 
4 0 
3 0 
2 0 
2 0 
8 0 
2 0 
1 6 
5 0 
2 6 
S 0 
7 0 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Aralia Sieboldi, doz.. 6 0 18 0 
Arum Lilies..per doz. 9 0 18 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
per dozen . 6 0 12 0 
— large plants .. each 2 0 5 0 
Coleus.per doz. 
Cyclamen . .per doz, 12 0 IS 0 
Cyperus, ..per dozen 4 0 12 0 
Dracsena term., doz. 30 0 60 0 
— viridis, per dozen 12 0 24 0 
Evergreens, in var., 
per dozen . 6 0 24 0 
Fems,invar.,perdcz. 4 0 18 0 
s.d. s.d. 
Foliage Plants, vari¬ 
ous, each. 2 0 10 0 
Ficus elastica each.. 16 7 0 
Hyacinths, per doz... 9 0 12 0 
Marguerites per doz. 6 0 12 0 
Palms in variety, each 2 6 21 0 
Pelargoniums,scarlet, 
per dozen . 60 90 
Poinsettia ..per doz. 10 0 15 0 
Primula sinensis,doz. 4 0 6 0 
Roman Hyacinths, 
per doz. 9 0 12 0 
Solanums_per doz. 9 0 15 0 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Amateurs’ Garden. 278 
Apples, notes on..... 281 
Asparagus, the culture of.. 277 
Bramble, double, rose¬ 
leaved . 2 S 0 
Burlingtonia decora. 2S1 
Calanthe masuca . 281 
Carnation, Souvenir de 
Malmaison . 276 
Christmas Roses . 277 
Chrysanthemum culture .. 278 
Chrysanthemum notes.... 276 
Cineraria, Emperor Fred¬ 
erick . 276 
Cobtea scandens variegata 280 
Conferences, a year of .... 271 
Crinum seed germinating 2S0 
Daffodil, the winter . 280 
Echeveria retusa . 280 
PAGE 
Ferns: from spore to tree.. 275 
Flowers, undressed . 276 
Fruits, notes on. 2S1 
Gardeners’ Calendar. 281 
Gardener, what constitutes a 273 
Gishurst Compound. 279 
Irish notes . . .. 274 
Jasminum grandiflorum .. 2S0 
Lambert’s Pine . 2S0 
Mistleto as a parasite .... 279 
Masdevallia macrura. 2S1 
Odontoglossum eugenes .. 2S1 
Orchid notes . 281 
Tiilandsia Lindeni. 280 
Scottish notes. 275 
Shell Dust . 274 
Vegetables, new. 272 
Vines, mealy-bug on. 276 
Year, the new. 271 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Auction Sales. page 
Protheroe & Morris . 270 
Books, &e. 
Barr & Son . 269 
J. Carter & Co. 271 
Sutton & Sons . 269 
J. Veitch & Sons . ... 270 
Bulbs. 
Barr & Son . 269 
J. Carter & Co. 271 
P. McArthur . 269 
R. Sydenham . 269 
Chrysanthemums. 
W. & G. Drover . 269 
G. Goodson . 269 
John Laing & Sons. 269 
G. Stevens . 269 
Clematis. 
R. Smith & Co. 271 
Creepers for Walls. 
A. J. A. Bruce.-. 270 
R. Smith & Co. 269 
Cut Flowers, Wreaths. 
W. Strike '.. 269 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead. 2S2 
J. Turner. 269 
Florists’ Flowers. 
J. W. Galvin . 271 
J. Laing & Sons. 269 
R. B. Laird & Sons . 269 
Fruit Trees. 
G. Bunyard & Co. 270 
J. Cheal & Sons. 270 
G. Cooling & Sons. 270 
H. Lane & Son . 269 
R. Smith & Co. 271 
Fruit Trees & Boses. 
J. Le Cornu & Son. 2S3 
G. Jackman & Son. 269 
T. Rivers & Son. 270 
Garden Sundries, &e. 
B. Field. 2S3 
It. Sankey & Son . 269 
E. Van Der Meersch. 269 
Greenhouse Plants, &c. 
J. Nicoll . 269 
J. Turner. 269 
E. Van Der Meersch. 269 
Glass. 
J. B. Robinson . 2S3 
Heating Apparatus. 
Jones & Attwood . 2S3 
J. Jones & Sons. 269 
Thames Bank Iron Co.... 269 
C. Toope & Co. 269 
Herbaceous Plants. 
R. Smith & Co. 282 
Horticultural Builders. 
page 
J- Boyd & Sons . 269 
James Gray . 269 
H. Hope . 269 
A. Peel & Sons . 269 
W. Richardson & Co ... 269 
J. Weeks & Co. 269 
Insecticides. 
Bridgford’s Antiseptic ... 269 
Fir Tree Oil. 2S3 
Gishurst Compound . 269 
Lethorion. 2S3 
Nicotine Soap. 269 
Iron Fencing, &c. 
Bayliss, Jones, & Bayliss 2S3 
Lilies of the Valley. 
T. Jannoch . 270 
Manures. 
W. H. Beeson. 269 
Jensen’s Guanos. 271 
Standen’s .. 2S3 
W. Thomson & Sons. 269 
Miscellaneous. 
Birkbeck Bank . 283 
Epps’s Cocoa . 2S3 
Gishurstine . 269 
Harrison's Knitter. 2S3 
Smyth’s Orchid Baskets 269 
Schweitzer's Cocoatina... 2 S 2 
Mushroom Spawn. 
Win. Cutbush & Son. 2S3 
Orchids. 
W. Gordon . 270 
F. Horsman & Co. 269 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Company. 270 
Hugh Low & Co. 270 
P. McArthur . 269 
Potatos. 
Sutton & Sons. 271 
Roses. 
H. English . 269 
C. H. Gorringe . 269 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Company. 2S2 
S. G. Rumsey. 269 
R. Smith & Co. 270 
J. Walters. 269 
Seeds. 
W. B. Hartland. 269 
Hooper & Co. 2S3 
C. Sharpe & Co. 271 
Strawberries. 
R. Smith & Co. 282 
Trees and Shrubs, &c. 
Robert Neal . 2S2 
R. Smith & Co. 269 
ANTI-DYSPEPTIC COCOA OR CHOCOLATE POWDER. 
Guaranteed Pure Soluble Cocoa. 
Most Nutritious and Economical. 
OOCO ATI N A. 
The lancet says this is “ Genuine Cocoa, contains no sugar, 
starch or other adulteration. Is vep.y soluble. An ex¬ 
cellent Article.” 
COCOATINA. 
Sole Address: 45, FARRINGDON ST., LONDON, E.C. 
QANKEY’S “MARKET POT” or LOXG 
kD TOMS, the best “Garden Pot” for Bedding Plants and 
Market Work. The 3-in. Market Pot holds a- much soil as an 
ordinary 3J-in. pot, thus saving half an inch in room for each pot. 
Five sizes, 3-in, 31-in., 4-in., 45 -in, 4|-in.; no rims, nearly 
upright, 1 in. to 1 J in. deeper than usual, very strong and much 
lighter in weight—the very pot for Market Growers ; great 
economy in room and weight. Largest Stock in United Kingdom. 
—RICHARD SAAKEY & SON, Bulwell Potteries, Nottingham. 
100 Herbaceous & Alpine Plants for 25s. 
RICHARD SMITH & Co.’s selection as above contains a 
most interesting and valuable assortment of beautiful and Hardy 
Plants for the Border or Rockwork, which produce flowers and 
render the garden attractive all through the year. 
Descriptive Catalogue post free for 6 stamps. 
RICHARD SMITH & Co., 
Nurserymen & Seed Merchants, WORCESTER. 
Robert Neal, 
The Nurseries, TRINITY ROAD, 
WANDSWORTH, S.W., 
Begs to call the attention of Gentlemen and others planting to 
his large and varied stock of FOREST and ORNAMENTAL 
TREES, also FRUIT TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES, CLIMBING 
PLANTS, &c., which are in fine condition for transplanting, and 
being grown near London, are especially adapted for Town and 
Suburban planting. Also extra fine SEA KALE and RHUBARB 
for forcing. 
All goods delivered free by own vans within a radius of 6 miles. 
Catalogues free on application, and a personal inspection of the 
stock solicited. 
Tr/l BfjPjPQ | A grand stock, in 5-in. pots, 12s. & ISs. doz. 
I E-fi nUO£3 ( A grand stock, in 7-in. pots, 24s. & 30s. doz. 
i Black Hamburgh and other varieties. 
PRADF WiyiPQ Suitablefor fruiting in pots, 10s. 6 d. each 
UnniCi “ l Suitable for planting vineries, 5s. and 
' 7s. 6 d. each. 
FERNS I 
A fine stock, in 5-in. pots, 12s. per dozen. 
A fine stock, in small pots, 4s. per dozen. 
Catalogues free. Terms to the Trade on application. 
The Liverpool Horticultural Company 
(John Cowan), Limited, 
THE VINEYARD AND NURSERIES, 
@4SSf0ri, near LIVBRFQQE, 
“TREPH 0 ” FOR ORCHIDS, 
This new material has been found a most successful article for 
Blocks, Rafts, and Pot Orchids. It is Live Sphagnum pressed 
into solid blocks by hydraulic pressure, after having been 
chemically treated, to prevent its decay or souring. In the 
saturated atmosphere of an Orchid house it absorbs and con¬ 
tinuously takes up all the gases and moisture, and retains the 
same for several days without drying or being redipped. One 
dipping will last from three days to a week. Mr. Fred. Horsman, 
of Colchester, reports :—“ I have tried 1 Trepho ’ with very great 
success, haring potted many thousand Orchids with it." Sole 
Depot, 
BENJ. FIELD, F.R.B.S. 
(Son-in-law and successor to J. Kennard). Horticultural Soils, 
Mauures, Sundries, and Pottery. Central Office and Sales Rooms 
75a, Queen Victoria Street (near Mansion House Station.) Depot, 
Paragon Road, New Kent Road, S.E. Catalogues post free. 
Established 1S54. 
FERNS A SPECIALITY. 
The largest, most complete and profusely ILLUSTRATED 
CATALOGUE OF FERNS ever published, containing over 
120 Illustrations and much valuable practical information on 
the cultivation of Ferns, &c. 
One Shilling and Sixpence, post free. 
Smaller Catalogue of over 1,300 species and varieties free on 
application. 
W. & J. BIRKENHEAD, 
FERN NURSERY, 
SALE, MANCHESTER. 
STRAWBERRIES. 
Strong Roots, 4s. per 100. Plants in small pots, 16s. per 100 
ditto, in large pots, 25s. per 100. Descriptive LIST free. 
RICHARD SMITH & Co„ Nurserymen and Seed Merchants, 
Worcester. 
