330 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
January 19, 1889. 
habitation almost unknown. Protection from frost in 
winter, and from winds and sun in summer is also 
necessary. Many of the old writers on horticulture 
place the Lily at the top of the list of flowers. 
They are to be found in a wild state in almost every 
part of the temperate zone, both in the Old and New 
Worlds, only three or four species being found within 
the tropics. Authorities on the subject state that the 
climatic conditions which seem favourable to their 
growth are a moderately cold winter of short duration, 
a warm spring and summer with considerable moisture. 
Many fine sorts may be grown in Lancashire and 
Cheshire, and even in the neighbourhood of Manchester, 
although more care and trouble are required to keep 
them healthy, as the conditions are not so favourable 
as in the south. Most of the genus may be grown in 
pots, and if three or four bulbs according to size are 
planted in a 10 or 12-in. pot, they make fine 
specimens, and rival in beauty the choicest Orchids. 
A certain amount of shade is beneficial to a great 
number of the varieties. Some growers believe that 
exposure is one of the causes of the disease which 
attacks the Lilium, and so far it has baffled our best 
scientists to discover the real cause and find a certain 
cure. 
Alluding to the Cyclamen, he said :—The Persian 
section is the best known and most useful. Until the 
last few years the plants have been but poorly under¬ 
stood and not very well grown. Even now they seem 
to puzzle many gardeners, and are seldom seen in 
perfection in private places. But most gardeners who 
will take the necessary care, and follow the correct 
routine, will be able to attain excellent, if not exactly 
perfect results. The type of a good Cyclamen is that 
with fine bold flowers of a pure colour, with broad 
petals, stems not too long, and foliage well marked and 
compact. The Cyclamen is particularly useful on 
account of the long period during which we can have 
it in bloom, namely, six or seven months, and its 
compact habit enables it to be employed for all kinds 
of decoration. The plants should be lightly shaded in 
summer, kept free from draughts, and the watering-can 
used with care. The great secret of success is to keep 
up a constant and even heat, with a moist atmosphere, 
plenty of water without going to excess, free circulation 
of air without draughts, shade in summer and light in 
winter. If these conditions be observed they will keep 
up a constant and vigorous growth, and so repay the 
cultivator by a grand show of bloom. 
Messrs. G. Lunt, Turner, Paul, R. W. Keer, Birken¬ 
head, W. Plant, F. Robinson, W. H. Driver, J. Booth, 
Edwards, and R. Tait, senior, joined in the discussion 
which followed. 
--»>x«--- 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
Ammoniacai. Liquor. —D. M. L.: The Ammoniacal liquor 
obtained, from gas works, and commonly called liquid ammonia, 
is used with good effect as a manure on grass land, but on 
account of its caustic nature it has to be used with great care, 
and should always be diluted with at least six times its bulk 
of water. We have had no experience with it in the garden, but 
should be glad to record the experience of any of our readers. 
Could you not yourself make a few experiments on plants of no 
value ? 
Books. — J. B.: Plant Lore, Legends arid Lyrics, by R. 
Folkard (Sampson, Low & Co.). 
Forcing Seakale and Rhubarb.— The fact of either being 
forced in a stokehole will not make any difference in the flavour. 
If you put the roots in soil, leaf-soil, coco-nut fibre refuse, or 
spent tan—anything that will keep them moist, and cover the 
crowns to keep them clean, and in the dark, you ought to 
succeed very well. 
Humea elegans — C. C.O.: It is too early to get seedling plants 
yet, and your best plan will be to wait until about the end of 
May, and then apply at any of the larger nursery establishments. 
The roots are exceedingly susceptible to changes of temperature, 
and are liable to die off at any time. If you try seeds again, 
bearing this fact in mind, you may be more successful. 
Names of Plants. — H. A.: 1, Aspidium (Polystichum) 
capense; 2, Asplenium formosum; 3, Pteris hastata macro- 
phylla; 4, Selaginella Martensi variegata; 5, Selaginella 
viticulosa; 6, Selaginella lsevigata (frequently known as S. 
Lyalli). if. G. C.: 1, Oncidium cucullatum ; 2, Odontoglossum 
Lindleyanum; 3, Dendrobium aureum (or D. heterocarpum of 
gardens); 4, Cattleya Trianse. if. L. : 1, Pinus austriaca; 
2, Pinus excelsa ; 3, Abies Nordmanniana. 
Seedling Orchid. — Levenshulme: The flower you send cannot 
be referred to any cultivated species, and we should therefore 
favour the idea of its being a seedling, probably a hybrid ; but 
you do not indicate whether your gardener has effected a hybrid 
between two different species, or whether he raised the seedling 
at all. Your best plan would be to grow the plant till it attains 
some vigour, when it 11011 be more certain whether the flower is 
really distinct, or whether it is not a depauperated and abnormal 
form. It may change colour and form altogether another year, 
as we have evidence of a similar occurrence in Lielia purpurata, 
the flowers of which were almost aborted. See The Gardening 
World, vol. iv., p. 645. 
Smilax.— Perthshire: There are several species which are 
quite hardy in the south ; but in your latitude they would pro¬ 
bably give satisfaction only in a greenhouse, especially if re¬ 
quired for table decoration. In America, as well as abundantly 
in this country, Myrsiphyllum asparagoides is grown and 
allowed to twine round pieces of string, and the whole is then cut 
for decorative purposes. It is often called Smilax, especially in 
America, and this is, perhaps, the plant you mean. For 
decorative purposes it would be a safe investment, and should 
be grown in a warm greenhouse or intermediate house. There 
are some pretty species of the true Smilax, and the under¬ 
mentioned are good—namely, S. aspera, S. asperrima (a garden 
name), S. Boua-nox (better known under the name of S. 
tamnoides), and S. ornata. with variegated foliage. All these 
may be grown in a greenhouse. 
Tree Fern. — James Jones: If your plant is really Alsophylla 
excelsa, as you say, we would not advise you to put it in a 
higher temperature for the present at least, as the plant is 
almost hardy. The young frond3 will make better growth if 
they are not urged to develop till spring, as the light and the 
natural temperature will then be better. From what you say 
respecting the roots, we should think that they, as much or 
more so than the temperature, are at fault. If the drainage is 
bad, the sooner it is rectified the better, because, although Ferns 
like an ample'suppiy of moisture, especially when growing, yet 
it must not be stagnant about the roots ; therefore see to the 
drainage, and do not overwater till fresh growth commences to 
be made. 
Communications Received. —G. W.—R. J. H.—W. B. H.— 
J. M.—L. C.-O.—N. F.-R. T.—A. 0.—W. T.—Scotia.—W. G. 
-~>X<~- 
TRADE CATALOGUES EECEIYED. 
John Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, S.E.— Flower and Vegetable 
Seeds, Novelties, Begonias, &c. 
Thomas S. Ware, Hale Farm Nurseries, Tottenham.—New, 
Rare and Choice Flower Seeds. 
H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, Kent.—Vegetable and Flower 
Seeds. 
E. H. Krelags & Son, Haarlem, Holland.—Bulbous and 
Tuberous-rooted Plants, Dutch Bulbs, &c. 
Charles Turner, Royal Nurseries, Slough. — Vegetable, 
Flower and Farm Seeds. 
W. Piercy, Beadwell Road, Forest Hill, S.E.—Early and very 
Late-flowering Chrysanthemums. 
Cardno & Darling, Aberdeen.—Garden and Farm Seeds, 
Florists’ Flowers, &c. 
Jarman & Co., Chard, Somerset.—Flower and Vegetable 
Seeds. 
-->X<-- 
THE WEATHER. 
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean reading 
of the barometer during the week ending Jan. 12th 
was 29'53 in.; the highest reading was 30'07 in. at the 
beginning of the week, and the lowest 29'09 in. on 
Thursday morning. The mean temperature of the air 
was 35 '3°, and 2'4° below the average in the corre¬ 
sponding weeks of the twenty years ending 1868. 
The mean showed an excess on Tuesday, Wednesday, 
and Friday, hut was below the average on each of the 
other days of the week. The direction of the wind 
was variable, and the horizontal movement of the air 
averaged 8.7 miles per hour, which was 4'5 miles 
below the average in the corresponding weeks of 
sixteen years. Rain fell on four days of the week, to 
the aggregate amount of 0'49 of an inch. The duration 
of registered bright sunshine in the week was 2'7 hours, 
against 6'4 hours at Glynde Place, Lewes. 
-----> 2 <—- 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
January 1 6 th. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. | Pine-apples, St. s.d. s.d. 
Apples .J-sieve 1 6 3 0 j Michaels.each 2 0 7 0 
Cobs .. per 100 lbs. 100 0 : Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 10 16 
Grapes .per lb. 0 9 2 61 
Canadian and Nova Scotia Apples, per barrel, 7s. to 14s. 
Artichokes, Globe,doz. 3 0 
Beans, French, per lb. 1 6 
Beet .per dozen 2 0 
Cabbages_per doz. 1 6 
Carrots .... per bnnch 0 6 
Cauliflowers, English, 
per dozen 2 0 3 0 
Celery .... per bundle 2 0 
Cucumbers .... each 0 6 0 9 
Endive, French, doz. 2 6 3 6 
Herbs .... per bunch 0 2 0 4 
s.d. s.d. 
Horse Radish, bundle 3 0 5 0 
Lettuces .. per dozen 16 2 0 
Mushrooms, p. basket 10 13 
Onions.... per bushel 7 0 9 0 
Parsley... .per hunch 0 6 
Radishes .. per dozen 1 6 
Small salading,punnet 0 4 
Spinach, per strike ..20 
Tomatos _per lb. 1 3 19 
Turnips _perbun. 0 
Potatos.— Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton; Kent Kidneys. 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
6 0 
3 0 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Aralia Sieboldi ..doz. 6 0 18 0 
Arum Lilies, .per doz. 9 0 18 0 
Azalea.per doz. 24 0 42 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
per dozen 6 0 12 0 
— large plants .. each 2 0 5 0 
Coleus.per doz. 
Cyclamen ..per doz, 9 0 IS 0 
Cyperus, ..per dozen 4 0 12 0 
Dracaena term., doz. 30 0 60 0 
— viridis, per dozen 12 0 24 0 
Evergreens, in var., 
per dozen 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, in var., per doz. 4 0 18 0 
Ficus elastica ..each 16 7 0 
s.d. 
• Foliage Plants, van- 
| ons .each 2 0 
Hyacinths ..per doz. S 0 
| Lilies of the Valley, 
per doz. 18 0 
Marguerites per doz. 6 0 
Palms in variety, each 2 6 
Pelargoniums,scarlet, 
per dozen 6 0 
Poinsettia ..per doz. 9 0 
Primula sinensis,doz. 4 0 
Roman Hyacinths, 
per doz. 9 0 
Solanmns_per doz. 9 0 
Tulips.per doz. 8 0 
s.d. 
10 0 
12 0 
30 0 
12 0 
21 0 
9 0 
12 0 
6 0 
12 0 
15 0 
10 0 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Arum Lilies, 12 hlms. 5 0 9 0 
Azaleas ... .12 sprays OS 10 
Bouvardias, per bun. 0 6 10 
Camellias, 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 2 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
12 blooms 10 4 0 
— 12 bunches . 4 0 12 0 
Cornflower, 12 bunch. 
Cyclamen.. 12 blooms 0 6 10 
Eueharis ..perdozen 4 0 6 0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms.10 0 IS 0 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 0 6 10 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
Lilium longiflorum, 
12 blooms 5 0 9 0 
Lily of the Valley, 
12 sprays 09 13 
MaidenhairFem,12bns 4 0 9 0 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 3 0 6 0 
Mignonette, 12 bun. 2 0 4 0 
Pelargoniums,12spys. 10 16 
— scarlet .. 12 sprays 6 0 9 0 
s.d. 
. Paper White Narciss, 
12 sprays 0 9 
— --French, doz. 
hunches 3 0 
Poinsettia, doz. hlms. 4 0 
Primroses, .doz.buns. 1 0 
Primula, double, bun. 0 9 
Roman Hyacinths, 
12 sprays 1 0 
-(French),12 bun. 3 0 
Roses, Tea, per dozen 1 0 
— Red.per doz. 1 0 
— Saffrano .. per doz. 1 6 
Tuberoses, per dozen. 1 0 
Tulips _12 blooms 0 8 
Violets ..12 bunches 1 0 
— Panne, French. 
12 hunches 5 0 
— dark French, bun. 1 6 
Wallflowers,12 bnchs, 4 0 
, White Lilac, French, 
per bun. 5 0 
s.d. 
1 0 
6 0 
6 0 
2 0 
1 0 
1 6 
9 0 
3 0 
2 0 
3 0 
2 0 
1 6 
1 6 
7 6 
3 0 
8 0 
7 6 
CONTENTS. 
page 
Amateur’s Garden. 326 
Apple and Fruit Growing 
Company . 320 
Apple, Rejuvenated Fox- 
whelp. 323 
Azalea amoena calyciflora 327 
Bridehead House . 324 
Chiswick House, specimen 
trees at. 323 
Chrysanthemum blooms, 
damping in .325 
Chrysanthemums, Mid- 
Winter . 321 
Coelogyne cristata, freak of 329 
Cypripedium cardinale.... 329 
Dahlia, Paragon. 321 
Gardeners' Calendar. 32S 
Garder e s’ Royal Benevo. 327 
Gardener, the successful .. 326 
Glenbervie House . 322 
Horticulture, a veteran iu 327 ! 
page 
Kales for winter and spriDg 328 
Lselia anceps varieties .... 329 
Lfelia lobata . 329 
Lilium polyphyllum. 327 
Manchester Horticultural 
Improvement. 329 
Mentone of England, the.. 327 
National Chrysanthemum 
Society . 319 
Odontoglots, two beautiful 325 
Orchid seeds . 329 
Pea, William Hurst . 32S 
Peperomia Saundersii .... 327 
Poinsettias, dwarf.326 
Rose,Thistle and Shamrock 322 
Royal Horticultural Scty. 329 
Science and practice. 327 
Scottish Horticultural 
Association. 323 
Swanley Primulas. 324 
Vallota purpurea .32S 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Anthracite. page 
W. H. Essery . 332 
Auction Sales. 
Protheroe & Morris . 31S 
J. C. Stevens . 31S 
Bulbs. 
Ban- & Son . 319 
Carter A Co. 319 
P. McArthur . 317 
Catalogues. 
Ban' A Son . 317 
Carter & Co. 319 
Daniels Bros. 31S 
Dobbie & Co. 317 
Ireland & Thomson ... . 317 
Jackman & Son. 317 
Methven & Sons. 317 
Sutton & Sons. 317 
Thomson . 317 
Chrysanthemums. 
G. Goodson . 317 
R. Owen . 319 
G. Stevens . 317 
Turner & Son .. 317 
Clematis. 
R. Smith & Co. 319 
Creepers for Walls. 
A. J. A. Bruce. 317 
R. Smith & Co. 317 
Cut Flowers, Wreaths. 
W. Strike. 317 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead. 331 
Florists’ Flowers. 
H. Cannell & Sons. 319 
J. W. Galvin . 319 
J. Laing & Sons. 317 
R. B. Laird & Sons . 317 
B. S. Williams. 319 
Fruit Trees. 
G. Bunyard & Co. 31S 
J. Cheal & Sons. 331 
G. Cooling & Sons. 318 
R. Neal. 331 
R. Smith & Co. 31S 
Fruit Trees & Roses. 
J. Le Cornu & Son. 319 
T. Rivers & Son. 332 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
B. Field. 31S 
A. Outram . 331 
Rigby, Wainwright & Co. 317 
R. Sankey & Son . 317 
H. G. Smyth . 332 
Heating Apparatus. 
Jones & Attwood . 332 
Thames Bank Iron Co.... 332 
Herbaceous Plants, page 
W. B. Hartland. 318 
Horticultural Builders. 
J. Boyd & Sons . 317 
J. Gray. 317 
H. Hope . 317 
A. Peel & Sons . 317 
W. Richardson & Co. ... 317 
J. Weeks & Co.... 317 
Insecticides. 
Bridgford's Antiseptic ... 317 
Gishurst Compound. 317 
Iron Fencing, &c. 
Bayliss, Jones, & Bayliss 332 
Manures. 
W. H. Beeson. 317 
Jensen’s Guanos. 319 
Standen’s. 317 
W. Thomson & Sons. 317 
Miscellaneous. 
Birkbeck Bank . 332 
Epps's Cocoa . 332 
Gishurstine. 317 
Harrison's Knitter. 331 
Smyth's Orchid Baskets 331 
Schweitzer's Cocoatina... 331 
Mushroom Spawn. 
Wm. Cuthush & Son. 332 
Orchids. 
W. Gordon . 31S 
F. Horsman & Co. 317 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Company. 31S 
Hugh Low & Co. 318 
P. McArthur . 317 
J. Stevenson . 317 
Roses. 
H. English . 317 
C. H. Gorringe . 317 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Company. 319 
S. G. Rumsey. 317 
R. Smith & Co. 331 
J. Walters. 317 
Seeds. 
Barr & Son . 317 
Carter & Co. 331 
Daniels' Bros. 318 
Ryder & Son . 331 
B. Soddy . 31S 
R. Smith & Co. 318 
Webb & Sons . 319 
Situations vacant .331 
Trees and Shrubs, &c. ^ 
Cooper . 331 
B. Diver . 317 
Robert Neal . SIS 
R. Smith & Co. 317 
SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Small Advertisements, solid type, 6 d. per line of about nine 
words. Displayed Advertisements, per inch, 6s. ; per column 
(12 ins. long), £3 5s. ; per half-page, £5; per page, £9. Special 
quotations given for a series. Gardeners and others Wanting 
Situations, thirty words for Is. 6rf., prepaid. 
Advertisements for the current week, and also 
" Stop Orders ,” must reach the office not later than the 
first j) ost on Wednesday Morning. 
Postal and Money Orders to be made payable to B. Wynne, 
at the Drury Lane Post Office, W.C. 
17, Catherine St., Covent Garden, London, W.C. 
