March 23, 1889. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
473 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
Cypkipedium calceolus .—Orchid: This species is a British 
plant, rather rare, of course, and your specimen is no doubt a 
continental one. The temperature of the house you grow it in, 
namely, from 60° to 70°, is therefore too high, causing a 
development of the leaf-buds before the roots. When started in 
strong heat they flower badly, or not at all. Give plenty of 
water when growing, and gradually withhold it as the leaves die 
down. The best place you can keep it in winter is a cold frame, 
plunged in ashes or coco-nut fibre, where the roots can never 
become thoroughly dry. We have seen roots of C. spectabile, 
after being planted, remain without starting the first summer at 
all. Both these species should be started in a greenhouse tem¬ 
perature, and kept well watered after they are fairly started 
into growth ; but they should never be placed in a house where 
the temperature is higher than 50° at night before summer. 
Plants in Pots.—Averagb Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. 
s.d. s.d. 
Aralia Sieboldi ..doz. 6 0 18 0 | 
Arum Lilies..per doz. 9 0 IS 0 j 
Azalea.per doz. IS 0 42 0 
Cineraria ..per dozen 6 0 10 0 
Cyclamen ..per doz, 9 0 IS 0 
Cyperus, ..per dozen 4 0 12 0 
Dractena term., doz. 30 0 60 0 
— viridis, per dozen 12 0 24 0 
Evergreens, in var., 
per dozen 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, in var.,perdoz. 4 0 18 0 
Ficus elastica ..each 16 7 0 
Foliage Plants, vari. 
ous .each 2 0 
Genista ... .per dozen 9 0 
Hyacinths ..perdoz. 6 0 
Lilies of the Valley, 
per doz. 12 0 
Marguerites perdoz. 6 0 
Palms in variety, each 2 6 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, 
Pinks, &e., per doz. 6 0 
Primula sinensis,doz. 4 0 
Solanums... .per doz. 6 0 
Tulips.per doz. 8 0 
Vegetablbs. —No alteration from last week. 
t.d. 
10 0 
12 0 
9 0 
24 0 
12 0 
21 0 
9 0 
6 0 
12 0 
10 0 
Heatino. — Boiler: One flow and return on each side of the 
house will be sufficient, with sharp firing in hard weather, but 
you would find it much easier to maintain the temperature at all 
times with two rows ; less stoking would also be required, and 
the consumption of fuel would be more economical. At the 
present price of piping it pays to be liberal. 
Names of Plants.— IF. Barnett : The Conifer is a vigorous 
piece of Cupressus Lawsoniana ; the shrub is a Lonicera, but 
we want flowers to determine the species ; the Orchid is Catt- 
leya Triame delicata. A. Cox: Tour Acacia appears to be a 
smooth or glabrous form of A. elongata. P. Morris: They are 
all varieties of Azalea mollis except the pink one, and we regret 
we cannot undertake to name them. Only a nurseryman who 
grows a good collection could do anything with them. 
Orchids. —IF. Hunter: Mr. Castle informs us that his little 
book on Orchids is published at 171, Fleet Street, and that it 
can now be obtained. You had better write to the publisher 
again. 
Palms for Easter Decorations. — Gardener: They are the 
blanched leaves of Phcenix dactylifera—the Date Palm. Write 
to Mr. W. Denman, 7, Catherine Street, London, W.C. 
Roses, Pelargoniums, &c. —Constant Reader: The Rose leaves 
are of a poor and flimsy character, and the spotting is due to 
scalding—that is to say, they have been caught by bright sun¬ 
shine while wet, the spots of water acting as a lens. The insect 
on the Pelargonium leaves is a species of aphis, but being crushed 
we cannot identify them. Fumigating with tobacco-paper or 
rag is the best way of getting rid of them. You are doing wrong 
in watering the Pelargoniums and Roses overhead every night. 
If it must be done at all, let it be earlier in the day, say about 
3 p.m. Light sandy loam and leaf-soil will suit best for striking 
the Bouvardias. Put them under a bell-glass and they will 
readily root in the frame. 
Saxifraga.— Omicron: In Latin the g is sounded hard when 
it comes before a and o, and soft when before e and i, thus the 
pronunciation of Saxifraga is with the g hard. Saxi’rage is the 
English rendering of the word, and the g would be soft in this 
instance, according to the English rule. 
Communications Received. —B. C. R.—G. P.—P. D. (many 
thanks)—A Constant Reader—W. B. H.—R. D.—W. B.—H. T. 
—A Cotswold Gardener —W. P. 
-- 
THE WEATHER. 
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean reading 
of the barometer during the week ending March 16th, 
was 30'50 in. ; the lowest reading was 29'52 in. at the 
beginning of the week, and the highest 30'42 on Friday 
evening. The mean temperature of the air was 38'8°, 
and 2 , 1° below the average in the corresponding weeks 
of the twenty years ending 1868. The mean showed an 
excess on Wednesday and Thursday, but was below the 
average on each of the other days of the week. The 
direction of the wind was variable, and the horizontal 
movement of the air averaged 10'8 miles per hour, 
which was 2'6 miles below the average in the corre¬ 
sponding weeks of sixteen yeaTS. Rain fell on Tuesday 
to the amount of 0‘04 of an inch. The duration of 
registered bright sunshine in the week was 14 8 hours, 
against 16 - 4 hours at Glynde Place, Lewes. 
-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
March \3th. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditeh, report a brisk 
sale for Agricultural Seeds. Supplies of English Red 
Clover and Cowgrass being almost exhausted, cause 
these articles to realise fancy prices. White Clover 
and Alsike offer freely at reasonable rates. Trefoil 
continues scarce and dear. Rye Grasses steady. 
-->Z<~- 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
March 20th. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. 
2 0 
s.d. 
4 0 
Apples .J-sieve 
Cobs .. per 100 lbs. 
Grapes .per lb. 1 6 4 6 
Pine-apples, St. s.d. s.d. 
Michaels.each 2 0 7 0 
Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 10 16 
Strawberries., per lb. 8 0 12 0 
Canadian and Nova Scotia Apples, per barrel, 7s. to 17s. 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Anemone, French, per 
doz. bunches. 2 0 6 0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms .. 2 0 4 0 
Azaleas ... .12 sprays 06 10 
Bouvardias, per bun. 0 9 10 
Camellias, white, doz. 2 0 4 0 
— coloured. 06 16 
Carnations, 12 blooms 2 0 3 0 
Cyclamen..12 blooms 0 4 0 9 
Daffodil, dble.,12bun. 4 0 6 0 
— double_ ,, 4 0 9 0 
— or Lent Lily ,, 3 0 6 0 
Eucharis .. per dozen 4 0 6 0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms. 5 0 9 0 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 0 6 10 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
Lilium longiflorum, 
12 blooms 4 0 SO 
Lily of the Valley, 
12 sprays 0 6 10 
MaidenhairFern,12bns 6 0 9 0 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 3 0 6 0 
Mignonette, 12 bun. 2 0 4 0 
Mimosa, French, 
per basket 4 0 6 0 
s.d. 
Pelargoniums,12spys. 1 0 
— scarlet ..12sprays 0 6 
Paper White Narciss, 
French,doz. bunches 4 0 
Primroses..doz.buns. 0 6 
Primula, double, bun. 0 9 
Ranunculus, French, 
per doz. bnchs. 2 0 
Roman Hyacinths, 
French, 12 bun. 1 0 
Roses, Tea, per dozen 1 0 
— Red.perdoz. 4 0 
— Red, French,dozen 2 0 
— Saffrano ..perdoz. 1 0 
— Safrano, French 
per doz. 1 0 
Tuberoses, per dozen. 2 0 
Tulips .. ..12 blooms 0 8 
Violets ..12 bunches 1 0 
— Parme. French, bun. 3 0 
— Czar, French „ 1 6 
— Dark „ „ 1 0 
Wallflowers,12 bnchs, 4 0 
White Lilac, French, 
per bun. 4 0 
s.d. 
1 6 
0 9 
8 0 
1 0 
1 0 
4 0 
3 0 
3 0 
8 0 
3 0 
3 0 
2 0 
3 0 
1 0 
1 6 
4 0 
2 0 
1 6 
5 0 
6 0 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Amaryllis at Chelsea. 466 
Amateurs' Garden, the. 470 
Asplenium caudat.um . 471 
Boronia heterophylla .... 471 
Carnation Societies . 464 
Cattleya Trianse. 471 
Chrysanthemum notes .... 469 
Corokia Cotoneaster. 471 
Crocuses at Tooting . 467 
Galanthus caucasicus .... 465 
Galanthus proculiformis .. 465 
Gardeners and Gardening 465 
Gardeners Calendar . 472 
Gardeners’Orphan Fund.. 470 
Herbaceous Plants, hardy 469 
Horticultural Societies.... 472 
Hyacinths, yellow. 46S 
Lenten Roses . 405 
Manure and Fruit trees .. 467 
Obituary . 472 
PAGE 
Odontoglossum crispuin 
roseum guttatum . 465 
Oncidium bicallosum .... 472 
Oncidium maculatum .... 471 
Orchids at Holloway .... 467 
Orchids on cork. 471 
Paper components. 464 
Peas. Everlasting . 466 
Phalsenopsis, proliferous.. 464 
Pinks, laced. 468 
Pleione humilis . 472 
Polyanthuses, gold-laced.. 468 
Poppies, Iceland . 46S 
Saxifrages, Mr. Baker on.. 463 
Scottish notes. 467 
Spring flowers. 465 
Tacca eristata. 470 
Trees injured by hoar frost 466 
Vegetables, notes on. 46S 
Wall trees, protecting_ 470 
Warnham Court. 470 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Auction Sales. page 
W. Dorant . 462 
Protheroe & Morris . 462 
Bulbs. 
A. J. A. Bruce . 473 
Carter A Co. 473 
P. McArthur . 461 
Catalogues. 
Barr & Son . 461 
R. W. Beachey . 461 
Daniels Bros. 463 
J. Forbes. 474 
Sharpe & Co. 475 
Sutton & Sons. 461 
Chrysanthemums. 
De Reydellet . 473 
J. Laing & Sons. 461 
Clematis. 
R. Smith & Co. 473 
Creepers for Walls. 
J. Peed & Sons . 461 
R. Smith & Co. 461 
Cut Flowers, Wreaths. 
W. Strike. 461 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead. 475 
J. Bryson. 461 
P. B. O'Kelly . 473 
Florists’ Flowers. 
J. Beswick . 461 
J. Cheal & Sons. 474 
B. R. Davis. 461 
J. W. Galvin . 461 
J. Laing & Sons. 461 
R. B. Laird & Sons . 461 
R. Lord. 462 
H. J. Ponting. 474 
S. Shepperson. 474 
T. S. Ware . 462 
Whittlefield House . 461 
Fruit Trees. 
R. Neal. 475 
R. Smith & Co. 462 
Fruit Trees & Roses. 
T. Rivers & Son. 474 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
J. Arnold. 473 
Carson & Sons. 462 
H, J. Gasson . 461 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst... 473 
Rigby,Wainwright & Co. 461 
Robertshaw & Son. 473 
R. Sankey & Son . 476 
Sphincter Grip Armoured 
Hose Co. 476 
Wood Green Potteries ... 475 
Greenhouse Plants. 
J. Laing & Sons.. 462 
Heating Apparatus. 
Jones & Attwood . 476 
Thames Bank Iron Co.... 461 
Toope & Co. 475 
Herbaceous Plants. 
Barker & Co. 461 
Barr & Son . 473 
Kelway & Son. 462 
H. E. Wild . 461 
PAGE 
Horticultural Builders. 
J. Boyd & Sons . 461 
W. Cooper . 475 
W. Cutler. 476 
G. Deacon. 475 
C. Frazer . 461 
J. Gray. 461 
H. Hope . 461 
A. Peel & Sons . 461 
G. Preedy. 476 
W. Richardson & Co. ... 476 
J. Weeks & Co. 461 
Insecticides. 
Bridgford's Antiseptic... 461 
Fir Tree Oil. 475 
Gishurst Compound . 461 
Lethorion. 476 
Nicotine Soap . 461 
Paraffin Emulsion. 475 
Lawn Mowers. 
Follows & Bate . 476 
Manures. 
Adams, Webster & Adams 476 
W. H. Beeson. 461 
Jensen's Guanos. 473 
Native Guano Co. 475 
Richardson Bros. & Co.. 475 
Standen's. 476 
W. Thomson & Sons. 461 
Miscellaneous. 
Epps’s Cocoa . 475 
Gishurstine . 461 
Harrison's Knitter. 475 
Smyth’s Orchid Baskets 461 
Mushroom Spawn. 
Wm. Cutbush & Son. 475 
Orchids. 
J. Cypher. 461 
W. Gordon . 462 
Horsman & Co. 461 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Company . 462 
P. McArthur . 461 
Roots. 
Dickson’s, Limited . 474 
R. Smith & Co. 461 
Roses. 
H. English . 461 
Ewing & Co.. 474 
Keynes, Williams & Co. 474 
Parker & Sons. 473 
R. Smith & Co. 463 
J. Walters. 473 
Seeds. 
Barr & Son . 461 
R. W. Beachey .. 461 
J. R. Box . 461 
Carter & Co. 463 
Daniels' Bros. 463 
Hooper & Co. 475 
B. W. Knight . 474 
Silberrad & Son. 473 
R. Smith & Co. 474 
B. Soddy . 474 
Sutton & Sons. 463 
Thomson . 461 
J. Veitch & Sons. 463 
Webb & Sons . 463 
Whitington & Son . 473 
W. Wing ... . 473 
Societies’ Announce¬ 
ments . 46 
Trees and Shrubs, &c. 
Robert Neal . 474 
R. Smith & Co. 461 
SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Small Advertisements, solid type, 6d. per line of about nine 
words. Displayed Advertisements, per inch, 6s. ; per column 
(12 ins. long), £3 5s. ; per half-page, £5; per page, £9. Special 
quotations given for a series. Gardeners and others Wanting 
Situations, thirty words for Is. 6d., prepaid. 
Postal and Money Orders to be made payable to B. Wynne, 
at the Drury Lane Post Office, W.C. 
17, Catherine St., Covent Garden, London, W.C. 
L ilium auratum, the golden- 
RAYED LILY OF JAPAN, can now be purchased in 
cases containing 50 fine Bulbs, at 25s. per case, sent free to any 
Railway Station in England and Wales on receipt of Postal 
Order for 23s. 9 d .; cases containing 100 fine Bulbs, price 40s. 
Fine and sound Bulbs, 4s., 6s., 9s., 12s. and 18s. per dozen. 
CASES OF ASSORTED LILIES, as received from the Japanese 
Bulb Farms, containing 50 fine Bulbs in 8 choice varieties, price 
25s. per case. All sent carriage free. 
CARTERS', Royal Seedsmen by Sealed Warrants, 237 and 238, 
HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON. 
OA r\AA CLEMATIS IN POTS, of all 
O U ? AF U U the finest double and single varieties (some 
of the flowers of which become 10 inches across, and are of every 
shade, from pure white to the darkest purple), for climbing and 
bedding, from 12s. to 24s. per dozen, strong plants. Beauty oe 
Worcester, a magnificent purple, excellent for bedding, recently 
sent out by us ; reduced price, 2s. 6 d. each. Descriptive List on 
application.—RICHARD SMITH & Co., Nurserymen and Seed 
Merchants, Worcester. 
S EEDS (Garden and Vegetable) SPRING 
BULBS, &c.—C. G. VAN TUBERGEN, June., Haarlem, 
Holland. Wholesale Catalogue now ready, and mav be had free 
on application to Messrs. R. SILBERRAD & SON, 25, Savage 
Gardens, Crutched Friars, London, E.C. 
S EED POTATOS at reasonable prices. For 
descriptive Price List, post free, apply to WHITINGTON 
& SON, Newbury. 
S EED POTATOS AND PEAS.—Hooper’s 
Paragon, the best new main cropper, 6s. per cwt., 90s. per 
ton; Sutton’s New Early Market, 8s. per cwt., £7 per ton; 
Sutton's Best of All and Masterpiece, 6s. per cwt., 90s. per ton ; 
Adirondack, 4s. per cwt., 60s. per ton ; Fidler's Reading Giant, 
Ss. per cwt., 140s. per ton. Sharpe's New Triumph Main Crop 
Marrow Peas, unsurpassed for yield and quality, 11s. per bushel, 
80s. per quarter. Other varieties of Potatos, for descriptive 
list and low prices to clear, apply to WILLIAM WING, 
Newton, Wisbech. 
F erns, evergreen, from Ireland. 
—12 large rooted varieties, 2s. 6 d., free; 100, 10s. 3 King 
Ferns, Is. 6 d. ; 3 Holly Ferns, 2s. ; 6 Hay and Lemon-scented 
Ferns, 2s:; 3 clumps Gentiana, Is. 6rZ. All free per parcel post. 
—P. B. O'KELLY, Fern Nursery, Glenarra House, Bally, 
vaughan, Co Clare. 
/CHRYSANTHEMUMS. — NEW VAREL¬ 
AS TIES FOR 18S9. Have obtained 7 Silver-Gilt and 
Silver Medals at the Exhibitions of November, 1SSS. Send for 
Catalogue to M. DE REYDELLET, a Valence, Drome, France. 
To Lovers of Hardv Plants. 
B ARR’S HARDY HERBACEOUS 
PLANTS for BORDERS, ROCKWORK. and CUTTING. 
A select list of HIGH CLASS and EASILY GROWN Plants, 
only. Free on application to 
BARR & SON, 12 and 13, King Street, Covent Garden. 
D warf roses, special offer. 
All leading kinds of H. P's 6s. per dozen, not less than 
one dozen. Catalogues on application, post free. PARKER & 
SONS, St. Michael’s Hill Nursery, Bristol. 
R oses i roses ii roses Ii i—The best 
and cheapest in the world ; 40 choice Perpetuals for 21s. 
Purchasers’ selection from 400 best varieties. Catalogues free on 
application. Ten acres of Roses, 100,000 grand plants to select 
from; plant now.—JAMES WALTERS, Rose Grower, Exeter. 
G ladiolus brenchleyensis. — 
Grand bulbs, Is. doz. ; ditto. The Bride, pure white, very 
lovely, Is. doz. Special offer.—A. J. A. BRUCE, The Nurseries, 
Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester. 
O LD-FASHIONED HEDGES. — English 
Yews, bushy, and with a profusion of fibrous roots, 1J to 
2 ft., 6s. per doz., 35s. per 100 ; 2 to 2£ ft., Ss. per doz., 50s. per 
100; 2| to 3 ft., 9s. per doz., 60s. per'lOO ; 3 to 31 ft., 12s. per 
doz., S4s. per 100. Prices of larger sizes and other Evergreens 
suitable for Hedges (e.g., Tree Box, Holly, Laurel, Privet, 
Cypress, Juniper, Thuja, &c.) on application. — RICHARD 
SMITH & Co., Nurserymen and Seed Merchants, Worcester. 
TENSEN’S GUANOS are the most perfect 
Fertilisers. Promote and sustain all growths. Do not 
exhaust, but enrich the soil. Analyses guaranteed. Six Prize 
Medals awarded in 1SSS.—J. JENSEN & Co. (Lmtd.), 109, 
Fenchurch Street, London. 
P URE WOOD CHARCOAL, specially pre¬ 
pared for Horticultural use. Extract from The Journal 
of Horticulture “ Charcoal is invaluable as a manurial agent; 
each little piece is a pantry full of the good things of this life. 
There is no cultivated plant which is not benefited by having 
Charcoal applied to the soil in which it is rooted.” Apply for 
pamphlet and prices to the manufacturers—HIRST, BROOKE & 
HIRST, Leeds. 
O RCHID PEAT, best quality in the Market; 
also Fibrous Loam. Brown Fibrous Peat, and all other 
descriptions at the POLYGON ORCHID PEAT STORES. 
Loose Peat, on rail in London, 2 and 4 Ton Trucks, at from 12-s. 
per yard. Sold also in Sacks.—Address, JOSEPH ARNOLD, 
32, Polygon, N.W. 
n< 
Silver Sand!! 
<0ARSE and FINE BEDFORDSHIRE.— 
For Direct Supply send to the Proprietor of the Pits, 
JOSEPH ARNOLD, 32, Polygon, London, N.W. Established 
nearly 30 years. Telegrams: Alloquy, London. TRADE 
SUPPLIED at lowest terms for cash. Special Notice, 20,000 
Tons of Splendid Coarse POTTING SAND from 6s. per ton (free 
on rail at Leighton Buzzard for cash), ready for quick despatch. 
Send to JOSEPH ARNOLD, “only address" as above, to the 
Polygon. 
YARDS OF WIRE NET- 
TING. Best Galvanised, per roll of 
900,000 
50 yards 
11 ft. 2 ft. 21 ft. 3 ft. 4 ft. 6 ft 
3-Mesh.... 2/6 3/2 4/2 4/9 6/6 9/9 
2 „ ....3/6 4/6 6/- 6/10 9/- 13/6 
Any other width equally cheap. Carriage paid on £2 lots to any 
part of the United Kingdom. Prompt despatch.—E. ROBERT¬ 
SHAW & SON, Lumby Works, Manchester Road, Bradford, 
Yorkshire. 
