March 30, 1889. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
483 
Henderson, of New York, and is therefore a direct 
American importation. Early White Hebron is being 
advertised as a sport—whatever that may mean—from 
Beauty of Hebron, and if it is simply a change in the 
colour of its coat only from Beauty of Hebron, it will 
still have the inherent tendency to the disease which so 
badly characterises the latter variety. I would there¬ 
fore advise “Amateur” to apply to a firm that can be 
depended on to supply him with the true stock of Early 
Puritan.—/. Kipling. 
-->Xo- 
Thk B.QSK Garden. 
TEA ROSES ON THEIR OWN ROOTS.-V. 
Cool Treatment. 
The Tea Rose may be cultivated in a house without 
any heating apparatus whatever attached to it, and 
many of the other kinds of Roses, such as Hybrid 
Perpetuals, &e., will thrive equally well with them. 
Roses grown in this manner cannot be expected to 
flower but a few weeks earlier than what they will do 
in the flower garden, though then you have the oppor¬ 
tunity of growing such kinds under glass that do not 
succeed well outside, and by this means you may reap 
the advantages of not only having the flowers a little 
earlier than you otherwise would do outdoors, but by 
a little management considerably later, because they 
are protected from rough winds and storms, which is 
a great advantage to autumnal blooms under glass. 
Roses grown in a cool structure will not be so liable to 
the attack of mildew, provided the watering at the 
roots is properly looked after, and the ventilation seen 
to in a common-sense manner. 
To cultivate the Rose in a cool house, they may be 
either planted out or grown in pots, at the option of 
the grower ; but in this case I should recommend the 
climbers to be planted out, for the house cannot be of 
so much service for other purposes during the winter 
months as what a heated structure would be ; but still, 
a house of this description need not be idle, as many 
things may be grown along with Roses in a cool house, 
of which more anon. When Roses are planted inside 
the house, they require more attention in the shape of 
watering at the roots than what they usually do if 
placed outside, with their tops brought inside the house 
through the wall to grow and flower. They will 
succeed either way, but whichever plan is adopted, 
give all the encouragement possible to keep their roots 
well up to the surface, so that they may be under 
control. This is to be done by frequent mulchings and 
soakings. 
A usual thing is to give the surface of the borders in 
which they are planted a good forking over in the early 
part of the year, and then surface over with some good 
rich soil or good rotten manure, afterwards giving a 
good soaking of water to wash the goodness down to 
tbe roots, which will have a tendency to come up to 
the surface in search of the new material that has been 
placed on the border. In the case of Teas, pruning 
will have to be done in a sparing manner, only cutting 
away such wood as is exhausted or too weak to flower, 
laying in all the other for the production of blooms. 
In the case of H. P.’s grown in pots, they will require 
pruning about the same as what plants outside usually 
are, either surfacing at the same time, or else they 
should be potted if they require it. The potting should 
be done in the autumn if possible, which gives the 
plants a chance of making good healthy root action 
before winter sets in. If you want sweet-scented 
flowers you may indulge in them to your heart’s 
content by growing the Rose, as it affords a flower 
pleasing to the eye, and at the same time perfumes the 
place—a flower that may be had to suit the most fas¬ 
tidious, both in form and colour. They may he grown 
to festoon the roof, or they may be grown as bushes, 
but whichever way, the flowers never come amiss. 
Now, in the selection of sorts, tastes and opinions 
may differ, but none will object to a plant of Marechal 
Niel, which should be one chosen for climbing purposes, 
and along with it should be Gloire de Dijon and Reine 
Marie Henriette—three very distinct kinds. If the 
Gloire de Dijon is considered too common, use Climbing 
Devoniensis, a splendid white Rose, with long well¬ 
shaped buds that are produced freely. When well 
established these kinds will yield an enormous lot of 
flowers. I have seen Reine Marie Henriette condemned 
because it does not flower freely. I cannot say what it 
may be when planted outside, but we have one growing 
inside, and covering a space of roof 4 yards by 2 yards, 
that yields hundreds of flowers ; in fact, it seems more 
free than the Gloire itself, and is a capital sort to mix 
with buds of that good old Rose. Another very fine 
kind, rather stronger in growth, and perhap.s a little 
fuller in petals, is Reine Marie Pia, a charming climbing 
Rose that is as free in producing blooms as Reine 
Marie Henriette, and of a similar colour. 
For bush or pot kinds it is always as well to have a 
few of the semi-double or soft-budded kinds, the buds 
coming up so much quicker. In the bud state they 
make capital button-hole flowers, but they want cutting 
as soon as the bud is well formed, for if allowed to 
open they are of no further use. The kinds most 
useful in this class are Mrs. Bosanquet, Safrano, 
Madame Falcot, Isabella Sprunt, Socrates, Ducher, 
Duchess of Edinburgh, and W. F. Bennett. Of the 
other kinds more suitable for large and full buds it will 
be advisable to leave the selection to the individual 
grower, but let me say, always grow the following, and 
add others to suit afterwards:—Catherine Merrnet, 
Etoile de Lyon, Homere, Madame Lambard, Madame 
Van Houtte, Niphetos, Perle des Jardins, Souvenir 
de la Malmaison, Souvenir d’un Ami, with a few 
hybrid perpetuals for variety. 
Tea Roses may be grown to the highest state of 
perfection by the use of a glass covering, and there are 
many greenhouses in odd corners to-day that might be 
well used if they were filled with these Roses. 
Plants to Grow with Tea Roses under Cool 
Treatment. 
To give variety to such a house as I have just described 
I would suggest a small collection of British and hardy 
exotic Ferns—some of the evergreen kinds that would 
be fresh-looking through the winter ; they could be 
grown in the shadiest part of the house, and are always 
useful plants towards making up any structure. The 
tuberous Begonia would be a capital plant to grow 
along with the Roses. The bulbs could be easily 
wintered in a dry cellar or store room in the dwelling- 
house. The bright and varied tints of the Begonia 
would be grand during the autumn. If the'grower had 
a taste for Auriculas these would grow and thrive in 
such a house, and for variegation a few sorts of Spindle 
Tree (Euonymus) would lend a brightness to the place 
in the winter season. 
The above, along with a nice lot of Roses, would 
form a collection of useful and interesting plants for an 
amateur gardener to pass his time with. Plenty of 
other plants would grow in such a house, but it is 
much easier to manage a few useful things, grown in 
sufficient quantity to give effect, than to crowd the 
place out with so many kinds, that none would be 
grown right. The only care necessary with such a 
house during the winter season, would be to give air 
freely on all favourable occasions, and should the plant 
want water—which they will do several times during 
the winter—select a fine day, and water early so that the 
place may become moderately dry again by evening. 
The only calamity likely to happen through the 
winter will be the splitting of a few pots through severe 
frost, but this may be avoided by putting all the pots 
at one end, and plunging them overhead in coco-nut 
fibre refuse or fine ashes. This will check the effect of 
the frost greatly, and likewise save the plants from 
requiring the amount of water they would otherwise do 
if exposed to the influence of the atmosphere. — W. G. 
-- 
LIME AS A MANURE. 
The value of lime as a re-agent in the vegetable garden 
is seldom understood and appreciated as it deserves to 
be. Fresh or virgin soils do not, as a rule, require 
lime ; and the same may be said of heavy staples, 
though a little quicklime applied to rough lumps of 
clay, when the ground is trenched, tends to break them 
down more surely and swiftly than anything else. 
But cases often occur in which an old garden has been 
cropped and manured, manured and cropped, for so 
many years that it has become utterly tired and un¬ 
wholesome, so that nothing can be induced to grow in 
it satisfactorily. All kinds of Cabbage and other green 
stuff inevitably become clubbed, and perish ; insects 
destroy the greater part of the seedlings in the seed beds 
as soon as they appear above the ground ; grubs riddle 
the Carrots and Parsnips ; Turnips are ruined by 
disease, and so forth ; and the seedsman too often gets 
the blame for supplying poor seeds. Under these cir¬ 
cumstances a good dressing of either gas-lime or such 
as is in a fresh condition, if not quick, can be applied 
with certain success. In such cases lime acts as a 
powerful purifier and sweetener, and in addition sets 
free the nutritive principles that, though already 
abundant in the soil, are so locked up that the roots of 
the various crops cannot assimilate or profit by them. 
The application of a moderate quantity of lime has a 
marvellous effect in renovating exhausted ground, more 
especially where it is of a stiff description. Nothing 
should be planted in the ground for some months 
subsequently ; it will pay to allow it to lie fallow 
through the winter ; and by the time the sowing period 
comes round in the spring, it will be found in first- 
class condition for being cropped.— R. D. 
--»X<-- 
Gardening Notes fromIreland. 
Ireland as a Bulb Country. 
I must certainly, on behalf of my countrymen in 
common with what I am sure many others feel warmly, 
thauk you for specially drawing attention to this 
subject with the view of diverting to our much- 
favoured isle (climatically at least), a portion of the 
vast sums spent on bulbs and many other products, at 
present going to Holland and elsewhere. I shall not 
ask you to open your columns to anything savouring of 
politics further than to say that I am not sure if 
history presents a counterpart of any other period in 
which the vast majority of Englishmen and Scotchmen, 
including our friends of the Principality, felt more 
kindly disposed to the vast majority of Irishmen than 
the present. Evidently, then, this would be an ex¬ 
cellent time to ventilate any feasible project that 
would be at all practicable and ultimately profitable. 
Mr. F. W. Burbidge, Trinity College, Botanic Gardens, 
Dublin, maintains in a contemporary that we can grow 
most of the Narcissi, if not all, as well as any country 
in the world, and Mr. Baylor Hartland, of Cork, has 
commercially proved the fact. Now that the cloud of 
prejudice you so sympathetically refer to is gradually 
lifting, let us hope that the two piople will meet as 
men and brothers, to help each other, but still morr, 
to foster an 1 encourage any possible industry likely 
to be a success. I am bus}'’ erecting a greenhouse, but 
hope to return to the subject, my principal object at 
present being to say that never was there a better time 
for any commercial enterprise. — IV. J. Murphy, 
Clonmel. 
Daffodils from Ireland. 
There can be little question as to the suitability of the 
climate of Ireland for the culture of this beautiful class 
of hardy plants. We again have evidence of this in a col¬ 
lection of Daffodils to hand from Mr. Hartland, of 
Cork. They were cut from the open ground, and 
included fine specimens of Narcissus bicolor Empress, 
with white segments and a great golden trumpet. A 
form which he calls Asariformis has also white segments 
and a light yellow trumpet, but is very much smaller 
than Empress, though pretty. Pallidus preecox was in 
fine form and of large size, with all parts of a soft sul¬ 
phur-yellow. The Tenby Daffodil is also a very early 
kind, of a golden yellow colour, while Rugilobus is more 
nearly of the colour of the wild Daffodil. Ware’s 
Golden Queen is notable for the width of its trumpet at 
the mouth. The gracefully-drooping creamy white 
Leda is delicately scented, and is a form of N. mos- 
chatus. 
The double Oernuus is full in the centre, and a very 
good thing in its way, having the same colour as Leda, 
already mentioned, and, of course, belongs to the same 
species. Other double varieties included Rip Yau 
Winkle and Capax, also known as Queen Anne’s 
Daffodil or Eystettensis. It is of a pale sulphur-yellow, 
and is remarkable for the way in which the super¬ 
numerary segments overlap one another in six rows, 
tier above tier. Rip Yan Winkle is as notably 
irregular, and seems to have been produced by the 
development of several successive sets of segments and 
trumpets, alternating with one another from the cir¬ 
cumference to the centre of the flower. All are torn 
up into narrow pieces, and the two sets of organs are of 
different shades of yellow. The flowers were much 
better coloured than we frequently see them. A sweet- 
scented kind is Trewianus minor, bearing from two to 
four flowers on a scape with white segments and orange- 
yellow cup-like coronas, reminding us of a giant 
Polyanthus Narcissus. N. poeticus pnecox is notable 
for the richness of its scarlet crown, approaching in 
that respect N. p. poetarum. 
Accompanying the Daffodils were some Giant Yellow 
Polyanthus of different shades of yellow. There were 
also some double, flesh-coloured Hyacinths under the 
name of wild Italian Mountain Hyacinth. They were 
sweetly scented, and had been flowering at Cork for a 
month past; and on account of their small size would 
be very suitable for cut-flower purposes. Their wild 
nature, however, is very questionable, even although 
the anthers produce plenty of pollen. 
