May 4, 1889. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
569 
THE GREENHOUSE. 
Tuberous Begonias. —Early sown seedlings should 
now be far enough advanced to be placed in an inter¬ 
mediate house, where above all things they should bo 
well exposed to light, giving at the same time plenty 
of ventilation. Those who are in the habit of keeping 
their plants growing for the greater part of the summer 
in a close, moist atmosphere, with a high temperature, 
can never compete with those who grow their plants 
with cool treatment. Long leggy stems scantily fur¬ 
nished with foliage, and which can last but a short 
time in bloom, is the only result of coddling these 
beautiful subjects that delight in a freer atmosphere. 
The last and previous years’ tubers, now well started 
into growth, should also be treated like seedlings at a 
corresponding stage of growth. The late-flowering 
kinds, such as John Heal, Adonis, Winter Gem, B. 
Frcebelli and similar kinds may still be kept in a 
dormant condition. See, however, that they are 
neither getting too dry nor rotting from drip in the 
pots. _ 
THE FORCING HOUSES. 
Late Grapes. —Attend to such kinds as Gros Colman 
and Lady Downes ; loop down the young shoots before 
they get injured against the glass, and stop them at the 
second leaf beyond the bunch when that can be dis¬ 
cerned. Owing to the heavy rain which has fallen 
lately, no watering of outside borders will be necessary. 
Feeding with some of the many kinds of artificial 
manures will stimulate the Vines. Use some of the 
manures whose value is now well known, and which 
can be depended upon. 
Melons. —Maintain a dry atmosphere in the earliest 
house where the fruits are now ripening or fast 
approaching that condition. A chink of air must also 
be left on all night, otherwise well-flavoured fruit 
cannot be obtained. Within the radius of the London 
fogs, the ripening of fruit has been greatly retarded by 
the deficiency of light, so that the earliest batch will be 
later than usual. Notwithstanding this, the proper and 
requisite treatment must be attended to, even if ripe 
fruits cannot be obtained as early as desirable. A night 
temperature of 70° will be quite sufficient for later 
kinds, and as the thermometer rises in the morning a 
little ventilation must be given, increasing it as the 
sun gains strength. Close early in the afternoon, 
allowing the temperature to rise to 90° with sun-heat, 
while everything should be kept moist by damping 
down and syringing. 
Figs. —As the earliest crop matures, the fruits should 
he kept as dry as possible by avoiding a free use of the 
syringe. Owing to the plants being laden with fruits 
in all stages, the plants must receive copious supplies 
of tepid water at the roots. The foliage in the lower 
part of the plants may still be syringed, and after the 
ripe fruits have been gathered, advantage may be taken 
to give the foliage a good syringing to keep it in health 
and check red-spider, to the attacks of which the leaves 
are very liable. 
THE KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Stone Fruits. —The disbudding of Peaches, Nec¬ 
tarines and Apricots must now receive due attention, for 
it is no advantage to allow the development of shoots 
that must ultimately be cut away. Remove all breast 
wood and such shoots as will not be required to form 
the fruiting wood next year. The lowest shoots must, 
of course, be reserved for this purpose. Keep down 
insects by a free use of the syringe or garden engine. 
A solution of soft soap at the rate of four ounces to the 
gallon may be used in very bad cases. This should be 
done early in the afternoon so that the foliage may get 
dry before nightfall, in case of cold or frosty nights. 
Apple and Pear Trees. —Early and valuable kinds 
on walls had better be protected with tiffany in case of 
late frosts when they are in bloom, and to ward off the 
effects of heavy downpours of rain and hail, which knock 
the flowers to pieces. 
-- 
THE WEATHER. 
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean reading 
of the barometer during the week ending April 27th 
was 29 62 ins. ; the lowest reading was 29’28 ins. on 
Wednesday morning and the highest 29'85 ins. on 
Friday morning. The mean temperature of the air was 
47 "5°, and 0'9° below the average in the corresponding 
weeks of the twenty years ending 1868. The mean 
showed an excess on Monday, Friday, and Saturday, 
while it was below the average on each of the other 
days of the week. The general direction of the wind 
was south-west. Rain fell on six days of the week to the 
aggregate amount of 0’75 of an inch. The duration 
of registered bright sunshine in the week was 3P3 
hours, against 34’7 hours at Glynde Place, Lewes. 
THE NURSERY # 1 SEED TRADE. 
From Tuesday’s Gazette. 
Receiving Order in Bankruptcy.— Lewis Isaacs, 
Mansell Street, Whitechapel, importer of bulbs. 
Bankruptcies, &c. —April 24th.—Stringer & Co., 
Brighton, public examination, debtor passed. April 
25th.—William Fisher, meeting of creditors, held at 
Birmingham ; Mr. Goodcliild represented the majority 
of creditors. Debts £350, assets £100. Composition 
of 5s. in the £ offered. Payable in two months. 
-- 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
Canterbury Bells. — A. D.: They will not flower till next 
year. 
Lemon Grass.—/. Jeffries: The sweet-scented grass is the 
Citronella or Lemon Grass (Andropogon Schoenanthus, also 
known under the name of A. citratum). It is a native of India, 
where the leaves are put through a baking process by the 
natives, and then used for medicinal purposes. In this country 
the expressed oil is used in perfumery. The plant is also 
grown in conservatories for the agreeable odour of its leaves, 
and which is the more powerful when the latter are rubb?d or 
bruised. 
Manure for Chrysanthemums. —Having a quantity of 
manure, the refuse of a blacksmith's shop, consisting of 
horse-droppings, hoof-parings, and a large amount of iron- 
filings, I should be glad if any of your readers who have tried 
the above upon Chrysanthemums, either as a top-dressing or 
mixing with the potting soil would state their results. First, 
what effect it had upon the plants, if beneficial or otherwise ? 
and secondly, in what proportion it was used, and when ? I may 
state that the natural soil in this neighbourhood is largely 
impregnated with iron, so that I am afraid I should not gain any 
benefit by using the above. Any information concerning it 
would oblige— Country Mum. 
Melons Going Off. — Constant Reader: The leaves and young 
shoots of your Melons are affected with a small mite allied to the 
red-spider. The mite can be detected by means of a lens, and 
is of a pale yellow or whitish appearance. We have frequently 
seen it both on Melons and Cucumbers. The best preventative 
is to keep your plants well syringed, and the atmosphere of the 
house should be kept thoroughly moist, especially at night, 
commencing when it is shut up in the afternoon. There are also 
several remedies, including sulphur, which is one of the best. 
It is sometimes applied to the leaves in a dry powdered con¬ 
dition, but the following solution is better :—Into four gallons 
of clean water put 1 lb. of sulphur and 2 lbs. of quicklime, and 
boil the whole together for a short time ; allow the mixture to 
cool, and syringe the plants with it. Painting the hot-water 
pipes with a mixture of sulphur and chalk in water is another 
method that may be recommended, 
Names of Plants. — W. Hayward: 1, Phylocactus sp. ; 2 and 
5, Begonia insignis ; 3, Gasteria verrucosa ; 4, Sedum Sieboldii; 
5, Cereus sp. ; 6, a monstrous Gloxinia (which we have seen 
before, but which is by no means common), having a petaloid 
outgrowth from the base of the corolla. Anxious to Leani: 1, 
Corydalis snlida ; 2, Scilla siberica; 3, Veronica Buxbaumii ; 4, 
Cardamine hirsuta ; 5, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium ; 6 , Mer- 
curialis perennis. IK Latimer: 1 , Berberis Darwinii; 2, B. 
stenophylla ; 3, Aubrietia deltoides Hendersoni ; 4, Sedum acre 
aureum ; 5, S. rupestre. 
Primrose. — A. R. : A very large flower certainly, but coarse 
and pin-eyed. By raising seedlings from it, and growing in rich 
soil, we think it might be improved. In any case, see what it 
will come under garden cultivation. 
Vine Shoots and Leaves.— J. Jeffries: IVe failed to detect 
any fungus to which we might ascribe the crippled appearance 
of the young leaves. The cobweb-like felt on both surfaces 
consisted of long Interlacing hairs, such as are natural to several 
varieties of the Vine, such as Lady Downes, and the evil cannot 
in any way be ascribed to that. Many of the young leaves 
presented an appearance similar to what we have repeatedly 
seen in Cucumbers and Melons, which sometimes entirely fail 
through being attacked by a pale-coloured mite, similar to the 
red-spider. We should be much interested to know whether 
the evil continues to exhibit itself during the whole of the 
summer. Is the atmosphere of the house kept sufficiently moist 
at all times, but particularly so at night? We should also be 
glad to receive fresh leaves that exhibit the phenomenon later on. 
Turnips and Lettuce for August 7th. — T. Slcyrme : Turnips 
of the White Stone type, sown from May 22nd to the 2Sth, will 
be of a nice size, not over old, and in good condition for exhi¬ 
bition on August 7th. Lettuce require about the same time to 
develop fully, and if you are growing some of the largest kinds, 
you may allow them a little more time, and sow about May 20th ; 
but in all cases it is better to have them young and tender than 
very large and too old. 
Communications Received. —J. A—Donald & Co.—T. R. S. 
—W. H. E.—J. P.—W. B. H.—J. T.—W. W.—M. T. 
-- 
Anemone, French, per 
doz. bunches. 10 4 0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms ..2 0 4 0 
Azaleas .... 12 sprays 06 10 
Bouvardlas, per bun. 0 6 10 
Camellias, white, doz. 2 0 4 0 
— coloured. ,, 0 6 16 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 2 0 
Cyclamen.. 12 blooms 0 4 0 9 
Daffodil,dble.,12bun. 2 0 4 0 
— single, various_ 4 0 9 0 
— or Lent Lily ,, 16 3 0 
Eucharis .. per dozen 3 0 6 0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms. 2 0 4 0 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 0 6 10 
Hyacinths, in boxes 
(Holland) . 10 3 0 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
Lilium longiflorum, 
12 blooms 3 0 6 0 
Lily of the Valley, 
12 sprays 06 10 
MaidenhairFern,12bns 6 0 9 0 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 3 0 6 0 
Mignonette, 12 bun. 4 0 6 0 
Pansies ..12 bunches 10 3 0 
s d. s.d. 
Pelargoniums, 12spys. 0 6 10 
— scarlet ..12sprays 0 4 0 6 
Polyanthus, 12 bnchs. 16 4 0 
Primroses..doz.buns. 0 6 10 
Primula, double, bun. 0 9 10 
Ranunculus, French, 
per doz. bnchs. 10 3 0 
Roman Hyacinths, 
French, 12 bun. 10 2 0 
Roses, Tea, per dozen 0 6 10 
— Red.per doz. 3 0 6 0 
— Red, French,dozen 16 2 0 
— Saffrano ..per doz. 10 2 0 
Stephanotis,12 sprays 3 0 4 0 
Tuberoses, per dozen. 16 2 o 
Tulips ... .12 blooms 0 3 0 4 
Violets ..12 bunches 0 6 10 
— Parme. French, bun. 3 0 4 0 
— Czar, French „ 16 2 0 
— Dark „ ,,0910 
Wallflowers,12 bnchs, 4 0 6 0 
White Lilac, French, 
pel bun. 3 0 5 0 
White Narciss, French, 
doz. bunches 3 0 6 0 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET, 
May 1st. 
Out Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. j Pine-apples, St. s.d. s.d. 
Apples .J-sieve 2 0 4 0 Michaels.each 2 0 7 0 
Grapes .per lb. 2 0 6 0 Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 10 16 
Grapes, new .. ,, 4 0 6 0! Strawberries., per lb. 2 0 4 0 
Canadian and Nova Scotia Apples, per barrel, 7s. to 17s. 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
aidiid Gicuuiui ..uu4, 'J \j i a. yj 
Arum Lilies, .per doz. 6 0 12 0 
4zalea.per doz. 18 0 30 0 
Bedding plants,in var., 
per doz. 10 3 0 
-in boxes ,, 10 4 0 
Cineraria ..per dozen 6 0 10 0 
Cyclamen ..per doz, 9 0 18 0 
Cyperus, ..per dozen 4 0 12 0 
Dracsena term., doz. 30 0 60 0 
— viridis, per dozen 12 0 24 0 
Erica, various ..doz. 9 0 24 0 
Evergreens, in var. ., 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, in var.,perdoz. 4 0 18 0 
Ficus elastica ..each 16 7 0 
Foliage Plants, vari¬ 
ous .each 2 0 10 0 
s.d. s.d. 
Genista ....per dozen 9 0 12 0 
Heliotrope ..perdoz. 6 0 9 0 
Hyacinths .. per doz. 6 0 9 0 
Lilies of the Valley, 
per doz. 9 0 18 0 
Marguerites perdoz. 6 0 12 0 
Mignonette, doz. pots 6 0 12 0 
Palms in variety, each 2 6 21 0 
Pelargoniums,scarlet, 4 0 9 0 
Pelargoniums,per doz. 8 0 18 0 
Pinks, &c. .. perdoz. 6 0 9 0 
Primula sinensis .... 
Roses, H.P , per doz.12 0 24 0 
Roses, Fairy, perdoz. 9 0 12 0 
Spiriea.perdoz. 9 0 12 0 
j Tulips.per doz. 6 0 9 0 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Amaryllis Finette. 565 
Amateurs' garden, the_566 
Auriculas, Alpine. 564 
Campanula garganica .... 567 
Cattleya citrina.568 
Cypripedium bellatulum.. 568 
Flowers of Spring. 561 
Gardeners’ Calendar. 56S 
Garden insects . 562 
Gardeners’Orphan Fund.. 560 
Gladiolus Colviilei alba .. 567 
Gloxinia culture. 566 
Grape thinning . 561 
Irish notes .563 
Kew Gardens .560 
Light on Flowers . 560 
London Nursery, Maida 
Vale . 567 
Lungworts, the . 562 
page 
Narcissus moschatus 
cernuus 567 
Odontoglossumtriumphans 568 
Orchids, double-flowered.. 568 
Pelargoniums, show. 564 
Plants, hardy. 564 
Primula Sieboldii . 560 
Rhododendrons, early 
blooming 559 
Saxifraga Camposii . 567 
Scottish notes. 563 
Season, the . 560 
Shrubs, town . 561 
Spring, the . 560 
Squill, the Italian.566 
Sydenham’s layering pin .. 561 
Tropseolum, Ball of Fire .. 567 
Thunbergia laurifolia .... 561 
Vegetable notes.563 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Auction Sales, &e. page 
Protheroe & Morris . 558 
J. C. Stevens . 558 
B. Wilson. 558 
Bulbs. 
A. J. A. Bruce . 557 
P. McArthur . 557 
Siebrecht & Wadley. 55S 
Catalogues. 
Barr & Son . 557 
R. W. Beachey . 557 
J. Forbes. 558 
Chrysanthemums. 
De Reydellet . 557 
Turner . 557 
Creepers for Walls. 
Wm. Henrys . 557 
R. Smith & Co. 557 
Cut Flowers, Wreaths. 
W. Strike. 557 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead. 570 
P. B. O’Kelly . 557 
Florists' Flowers. 
B. R. Davis. 557 
J. Downie . 55S 
J. Galvin . 557 
J. Laing & Sons. 557 
R. B. Laird & Sons . 557 
R. Owen . 557 
H. J. Ponting. 570 
S. Shepperson. 559 
T. S. Ware . 559 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
J. Arnold. 570 
Carson & Sons. 55S 
Deigliton & Co. 572 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst... 557 
Merryweather & Sons ... 570 
W. Priest. 570 
Rigby, Wainwright & Co. 557 
S. A. Sands . 570 
R. Sankey & Son . 572 
Sphincter Grip Armoured 
Hose Co. 572 
Taylor & Son . 557 
Wood Green Potteries ... 572 
Heating Apparatus. 
Thames Bank Iron Co.... 557 
Toope & Co . 570 
Herbaceous Plants. 
Barker & Co. 557 
W. B. Hartland. 558 
Kelway & Son. 558 
R. Smith & Co. 558 
Horticultural Builders. 
PAGE 
J. Boyd & Sons . 557 
W. Cooper . 570 
C. Frazer . 557 
J. Gray. 557 
H. Hope . 557 
A. Peel & Sons . 557 
G. Preedy. 570 
W. Richardson & Co. ... 572 
J. Weeks & Co. 557 
Insecticides. 
Bridgford’s Antiseptic ... 557 
Fir Tree Oil. 570 
Gishurst Compound. 557 
Lethorion. 570 
Nicotine Soap . 557 
Paraffin Emulsion. 570 
Iron Fencing, &c. 
Bayliss, Jones, & Bayliss 570 
Lawn Mowers. 
Follows & Bate . 570 
Manures. 
Adams, Webster & Adams 570 
W. H. Beeson. 557 
Clay & Levesley. 558 
Jensen's Guanos. 557 
Native Guano Co. 570 
Richardson Bros. & Co.. 572 
G. Symondson. 572 
W. Thomson & Sons. 557 
Miscellaneous. 
Epps’s Cocoa . 570 
Gishurstine. 557 
Smyth’s Orchid Baskets 557 
Mushroom Spawn. 
Wm. Cutbush & Son. 55S 
Orchids. 
J. Cypher. 557 
W. Gordon . 55S 
P. McArthur . 557 
Roots. 
R. Smith & Co. 557 
Roses. 
H. Bennett. 559 
H. English . 557 
R. Smith & Co. 558 
Seeds. 
R. W. Beachey .. 557 
Carter & Co. 559 
Sutton & Sons. 557 
Situations wanted . 570 
Societies’ Announce¬ 
ments . £53 
Strawberries. 
R. Smith & Co. 570 
Trees and Shrubs, &c. 
R. Smith & Co. 557 
SITUATIONS WANTED. 
Gardeners and others Wanting Situations and Announce- 
ments of Vacancies, thirty words for Is. 6 d., prepaid. 
To Noblemen and Gentlemen requiring Land 
Agents, Stewards, Bailiffs, or Gardeners. 
TAMES CARTER & Co. have at all times 
t J upon their Register reliable and competent MEN, several 
of whom are personally well known to Messrs. Carter. En¬ 
quiries should be made to 237 and 238, High Holborn, W.C. 
NOTI C E . 
D ONALD'S PARAFFIN EMULSION is the cheapest and most 
effectual preparation in the market for destroying all insect 
pests, and for dressing seed beds to prevent the ravages of the grub. 
It is highly recommended by many leading gardeners. One 
gallon of Emulsion makes 160 gallons of solut ion. Price 3s. 6 <f. 
per gallon, with full directions. To be had from seedsmen, or 
direct from the makers, DONALD & Co., Agricultural and 
Horticultural Chemists, New Scone, Perth, N.B., and The Cross, 
Chester. Wholesale from OSMAN & Co., and WATSON & 
SCULL, London. 
