October iO, 1891. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
89 
SOGIETIES. 
Royal Horticultural, October 6 th, jth, ami 8 th .—The 
Conifer® were most decidedly the great feature 
of the Exhibition opened at Chiswick on Tuesday, 
but the greatest amount of interest centred in the 
miniature Pinetum, or Conifer Garden, consisting of 
the live trees and shrubs plunged in beds and 
borders of Cocoanut fibre on a piece of ground by 
the pits and frames Three large oval beds occupied 
the centre, and along each side was a border varying 
in. width according to the space and the outline of 
the central beds. The specimens varied considerably 
in height from i ft. to 12 ft., and a few were even 
higher. 
One of the oval beds was occupied with specimens 
grown in the Combe Wood Nursery of Messrs. J. 
Veitch & Sons, Chelsea. Very fine were the trees 
of Sciadopitys verticillata, Retinospora squarosa, R. 
pisifera, R. p. aurea, R. plumosa fiavescens, R.p.aurea, 
R. filifera aurea, R. plumosa albo-picta, and others. 
The central of the three oval beds was filled by Mr. 
A. Waterer, Knap Hill, Woking. The trees in the 
centre were very tall and consisted of Cupressus 
Lawsoniana Fraseri, Cedrus atlantica, C. a. glauca, 
Juniperus chinensis aurea, Retinospora pisifera 
aurea, and others. He also had a small side group. 
The third bed was filled by Messrs. Dicksons, 
Limited, of Chester, and consisted of several forms 
of Cupressus Lawsoniana, Thuyopsis dolobrata, 
Juniperus chinensis, Retinospora, Sciadopytis and 
others, surrounded by a line of the golden 
Cupressus Lawsoniana. One of the long curved 
beds was filled with a miscellaneous assortment 
of conifers from Messrs. Fisher, Son & Sibray, 
Handsworth Nurseries, Sheffield. 'The species of 
Abies and Picea, Cupressus and Retinospora were 
fairly well represented in bushy specimens, each 
according to its habit. Messrs. Chas. Lee & Son oc¬ 
cupied another plot of the ground, and had some fine 
samples of Cupressus Lawsoniana erecta viridis, C. 
L. e. v. variegata, Wellingtonia gigantea, W. g. pen- 
dula, Retinospora plumosa aurea, and numerous 
others. Messrs. Wm. Barron & Sons, Elvaston 
Nurseries, Barrowash, Derby, had the corner at the 
far end from the above, and their specimens although 
as notably small as the last group was large, yet 
they were of a useful size for decorative purposes, 
Cupressus, Juniperus, Retinospora, Abies, Picea, 
Cryptomeria and Pinus were representative genera. 
A larger group was set up by Messrs. Wm. Cutbush 
& Son, Highgate, and the specimens were moderate 
in height. The taller specimens consisted of 
Cupressus Lawsoniana erecta viridis and Retinospora 
plumosa aurea, the latter being fine conical or pyra¬ 
midal bushes. Picea was represented by numerous 
specimens. A side group was also set up by Messrs. 
John Jefferies & Sons, Cirencester. They had some tall 
samples of Abies lassiocarpa, Pinus parviflora, Cupre- 
sus Lawsoniana and Thuya gigantea, besides some 
neat trees of Cupressus Lawsoniana Fraseri, Abies 
nobilis, Thuya orientalis, and its varieties. A large 
group was set up by Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt, 
at one corner of the ground, including tall specimens 
of Retinospora pisifera aurea, Juniperus chinensis 
aurea, Cupressus Lawsoniana erecta Allumi, and 
others. They also had a small group in a tent close 
by. A small group of Conifers was brought up from 
the Royal Gardens, Kew, consisting chiefly of kinds 
that require a greenhouse temperature, such as 
Phyllocladus asplenifolia, Libocedrus Gunniana, 
Agathis australis, Dacrydium Franklinii, and Micro- 
cachrys tetragona, etc. 
A large number of exhibits consisted of cut 
branches, in most cases bearing cones. Amongst 
these was a collection from Mr. Wm. Smythe, gar¬ 
dener to Wm. Nicholson, Esq., J.P., Bassing Park, 
Alton, Hants, including male and female cones of 
Araucaria imbricata, Abies Nordmanniana, Tsuga 
Albertiana, and others. Even larger cones of 
Araucaria imbricata were shown by .Mrs. Ford (gar¬ 
dener, Mr. H. Jones), Pencarrow, Bodmin, also Pinus 
insignis, Abies Webbiana, Abies Nordmanniana, and 
others. R. G. Lakes, Esq., Trevarrick, St. Austell, 
Cornwall, had cones of Pinus Pinea, Abies cephalonica, 
wood of Cryptomeria japonica, &c. C. J. Lucas, 
Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gardener Mr. 
Duncan), had Pinus Inops and a large number of 
others. Sir T. Dyke Ackland, Bart., Kilerton, 
Exeter (gardener Mr. Garland), had fine cones of 
Abies nobilis, Cedrus atlantica, Abies Webbiana, 
and others. F. S. Cornwallis, Esq. (gardener Mr. 
Mackenzie), Linton Park, Maidstone, had a rather 
extensive lot, including Abies cephalonica, Pinus 
insignis, and others. A large collection from 
Mr. W. F. Gunn, Strathpeffer, Ross-shire, cut from 
the Castle Leod policies, showed clean growth of 
Sequoia gigantea, Pseudotsuga Douglasii, Araucaria 
imbricata and others. A collection of specimens 
also came from J. Rashleigh, Esq. (gardener Mr. 
Bennett), Menabilly, including Abies Webbiana, 
Pinus parviflora, &c. A few specimens came from 
Mrs. Williams (gardener Mr. Hutchison), Scorrier 
House, Cornwall. Some fine cones came from Mr. 
Martin, gardener to Lord Poltimore, Poltimore 
Park, Exeter. A collection came from Hopetoun, 
N. B., and several other exhibits from the North 
which were not labelled as to the exhibitor's name. 
A collection came from Colonel Tremayne (gardener 
Mr. Simmonds), Carclew, Cornwall. A very exten¬ 
sive collection was sent up by Sir P. K. Murray, 
of Ochtertyre, N.B. In his exhibit were cone¬ 
bearing samples of Pinus Ivoraiensis, Abies cepha¬ 
lonica, Sequoia gigantea, Picea Menziesii, &c. 
A fine collection of Cones came from Messrs. Dick- 
sonsLimited, Chester,includingAbiesWebbiana, Arau¬ 
caria imbricata, Cedrus Deodora, Pinus Pinea, P. 
maritima, &c. Another collection came from the 
Mansfield estates, sent by Mr. Bayne, including 
coning samples of Pinus Coulteri, P. ponderosa, 
Abies Pinsapc, Pseudotsuga Douglasii, and others. 
In another tent a small collection was shown by 
Messrs. R. Veitch & Sons, Exeter. Alongside of it 
was another from Colonel Parker, Pampesford Hall, 
Cambridge ; and a collection of Conifer branches 
came from Rossie Priory, Perthshire. 
In the large vinery were some more collections of 
Conifers, including a very large exhibit consisting of 
some 550 species and varieties from the Royal Gardens, 
Kew. Amongst them were some fine cones of Pinus 
Pinea, P. Pinaster, P. Jeffreyi, Cedrusatlantica glauca, 
and manyothers, some of which are common and others 
rare in collections. A fine collection of specimens 
in cone was shown by Lady Fortescue (gardener, 
Mr. C. Herrin), Dropmore, Maidenhead. The male 
and female cones of Araucaria imbricata, Abies 
cephalonica, A. nobilis, Pinus insignis, and others. 
Some prizes were offered for exhibits of Conifers 
by amateurs, and the first prize (Veitch Memorial 
Medal and ££) was taken by the Dowager Mar¬ 
chioness of Huntly (gardener Mr. A. Harding), 
Orton Hall, Peterborough. The cones of Pinus 
macrocarpa, P. Jeffreyi, and others were fine. The 
second prize (a Silver Knightian Medal and £2 10s.), 
was awarded to Lord Wimborne (gardener, Mr. T. 
H. Crasp), Canford Manor, Dorset. Another admir¬ 
able collection of cut branches and cones was that 
of the Duke of Buccleuch (gardener, Mr. Malcolm 
Dunn), Dalkeith Palace, Dalkeith, in the pure at¬ 
mosphere of which Conifers and other subjects 
always look clean. 
The hardy perennials were quite a feature of the ex¬ 
hibition, and although the Exhibition and Conference 
was mainly intended for Sunflowers and Asters, yet 
these exhibits were largely supplemented by various 
other plants flowering at this season. Some prizes 
in three classes were offered in competition by 
amateurs for hardy perennials. The first prize for 
eighteen bunches went to E. M. Nelson, Esq. (gar¬ 
dener, Mr. E. Chadwick), Hanger Hill House, 
Ealing, who had Asters and Sunflowers well repre¬ 
sented, as well as various other plants in season. 
The second place was taken by the Earl of Dysart 
(gardener, Mr. G. H. Sage), Ham House, Richmond. 
An exhibit of twelve bunches, shown by 
O. T. Hodges, Esq., Chislehurst, was disqualified 
because it contained some specimens which the judges 
did not consider hardy perennials in a garden 
sense. Another exhibit shown by \V. Marshall, Esq., 
Auchinraithe, Bexley, was also disqualified for the 
same reason. In both cases the exhibits were very 
fine. The second prize for twelve bunches was 
awarded to Mr. A. Harding, gardener to the 
Dowager Marchioness of Huntley, Orton Hall, 
Peterborough. The first prize for eight bunches was 
awarded to Mr. R. Debenham, St. Peter’s, St. Albans. 
The collections of Asters and Sunflowers brought up 
for the inspection of the Committee were very repre¬ 
sentative of the plants of that class grown in gardens. A 
large collection of Asters was broughtup from theRoy al 
Gardens, Kew, illustrating many kinds worthy of 
cultivation in private gardens, and others of interest 
for botanical collections. A Bronze Banksian Medal 
was awarded to the Rev. C. Wolley-Dod for a large 
collection of choice varieties suitable for garden pur¬ 
poses, including a large number of fine forms of Aster 
Novi-Belgi, such as A. N.-B. densus and A. N.-B. 
floribundus. A large collection from the Society's 
gardens at Chiswick, occupying a considerable 
amount of table space, would give a general idea of 
the Asters in commerce, for a large portion of them 
had been sent from various sources for trial. 
Bunches of all the Sunflowers grown upon trial w'ere 
also shown. A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded 
to Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt, for a collection of 
Asters set up in large and very imposing bunches. 
Other exhibits of hardy flowers were brought up 
for the inspection of the Committees. A Silver 
Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. J. Laing & 
Sons, Forest Hill, for a showy lot of seasonable her¬ 
baceous plants of many kinds, besides Asters and 
Sunflowers. A Silver Flora Medal was awarded to 
Messrs. Collins Brothers & Gabriel for a showy 
lot of late or autumn flowering herbaceous sub¬ 
jects. A Bronze Banskian Medal was awarded 
to Messrs. Wm. Cutbush & Son, Highgate, for a 
moderate sized but neat group of herbaceous peren¬ 
nials and Pompon Chrysanthemums. A similar 
award was made to Mr. W. Salmon, West Norwood. 
Some stands of hybrid greenhouse Rhododendrous 
were shown by Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons. Cactus 
Dahlias and Cannas in flower were shown by Messrs. 
H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley. Some stands of early 
flowering Japanese Chrysanthemums were shown by 
Mr. R. Owen, Maidenhead. Some Marguerite 
Carnations were showm by Mr. J. Hudson, gardener 
to the Messrs, de Rothschild, Gunnersbury House, 
Acton. Some Hypericums and Pernettyas were 
staged by Mr. A. Waterer, Woking. A small group 
of a beautiful white Carnation named Lizzie 
McGowan was staged by Messrs. Pitcher & Manda, 
Hextable, Swanley, Kent. 
At a meeting of the Fruit Committee a Silver 
Banskian Medal was awarded to Mr. G. Reynolds, 
gardener to the Messrs, de Rothschild, Gunnersbury 
Park, Acton, for an exhibit of thirty-six good sized 
fruits of Hero of Lochinge, Melon in fine condition. 
Mr. Hudson showed Coe’s Golden Drop Plum. 
Some Peaches were shown by Messrs. R. Veitch & 
Sons, Exeter. A cultural commendatiom was awarded 
to Mr. James Shuter, 66, The Grove, Hammer¬ 
smith, for some Peaches and Louise Bonne of Jersey 
Pears. 
ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS. 
Orchid Growers’ Calendar. 
Now will be a good time to have a thorough clean 
down. All glass and woodwork should be washed 
and the inside walls lime washed. All pots should 
be washed, and the plants sponged. Odontoglossums 
and others liable to the attacks of yellow thrip 
should be dipped in a mixture of soft soapy water 
and tobacco juice, laying the plants on their sides 
for half an hour afterwards to allow them to drip, 
afterwards syringing with clear water. In rearrang¬ 
ing the plants keep them well up to the light, using 
inverted pots for this purpose. Do not overcrowd 
the plants ; leave room for the free circulation of 
fresh air, which is of the greatest importance in 
keeping the plants in good health, and in securing 
dwarf sturdy growths, from which a profusion of 
flower may be expected. 
Odontoglossum grande as they finish flowering 
may be kept a little drier and cooler by being placed 
at the cool end of the house. Flower spikes of 
Odontoglossum now being thrown up should have 
some cotton wool placed round them as soon as they 
appear out of the protection of the leaf to prevent 
slugs from eating them. Plants when coming into 
flower should, if possible, be removed to a drier 
house where the sy.inge can be kept from them. 
Cattleyas finishing their growths should be moved 
to the cool end of the house. Dendrobiums flower 
more freely by being moved into a cool house after 
completing their growth, and as the flower buds 
begin to appear the plants may again be placed in 
heat. Calanthes vestita- and Veitchii are now 
throwing up their flower spikes, and water will 
require to be given more sparingly, and the use of 
manure water abandoned as the flowers begin to 
open. In the neighbourhood of London and other 
large towns, where fogs are so destructive during 
the winter to this class of plants, it will be found a 
