October 17, 1891. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
105 
varieties of fruit whose constitution is so good and 
hardy that they will thrive almost anywhere. 
What I would suggest to those who intend plant¬ 
ing is not to trust too much to any lists they may 
see published, but to endeavour, if possible, to see 
the fruits growing. At most, if not all our principal 
nurseries this can be done, and people living in the 
immediate vicinity of any of these nurseries ought 
to have no difficulty in securing a good selection of 
varieties suitable for their purpose ; and where these 
facilities do not exist, I should say go to any garden 
or gardens of any extent in the neighbourhood, and 
note the varieties that do succeed. There are very 
few gardeners but who would always be quite willing 
to give the intending planter the benefit of their 
experience. By doing this many disappointments 
which would arise through trying to grow too many 
varieties would be avoided, and a really good selec¬ 
tion might be made with very little trouble. 
No doubt there will always be some difficulties to 
contend wnth, but I trust the time is not far distant 
when the question of security to tenants of all kinds 
for tree planting may be satisfactorily settled. Then 
with reduced railway rates, and greater facilities for 
the disposal of our fruits, we may reasonably hope to 
successfully compete with our foreign rivals, who 
at the present time have so large a share in supplying 
our markets .—Thomas Nutting, Childwickbury Gardens, 
St. Albans. 
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Hotes. 
Pear Beurre d’Amanlis. 
The fruit of this Pear is of medium size or above 
that when grown upon vigorous young trees. It is 
an old sort, but valuable on account of its regular 
and free fruiting nature, and, being a September 
Pear, it proves suitable for gardens in the northern 
counties, where it does well upon walls, and ripens 
there in ordinary seasons. The skin is pale green 
closely mottled with russet, and sometimes with a 
dense splash of russet on the exposed side. The 
shape is somewhat peculiar, being thickest above the 
middle, suddenly contracted a little above the base, 
and tapering slightly to the crown. The flesh is 
white, very juicy and melting, but the richest and 
certainly most piquant flavour is in the centre just 
around the small core, which often contains imper¬ 
fect seeds. There is a variety named Beurre 
d’Amanlis Panachee which differs merely by being 
variegated with longitudinal stripes of red and yellow. 
Of course there is nothing in this beyond the colour, 
but that is sufficient when well developed to give a 
collection of fruit on the table some additional diver¬ 
sity. This particular form is grown in the collection 
at Devonhurst, Chiswick. 
Pear Beurre Diel. 
Old standard or pyramidal trees of this variety fre¬ 
quently yield remarkably heavy crops of fruit, but 
under such circumstances the individual fruits can¬ 
not be expected to be of large size. Although less 
imposing than that grown upon young trees, yet one 
can afford to undergo that gratification in view of the 
supply obtained from old trees. Some cultivators ob¬ 
ject to pruning their Pear trees in pyramidal form, but 
Beurre Diel naturally assumes that habit when 
allowed to take its own course in an orchard. A 
large tree of this form well loaded with fruit is a 
handsome object in a garden or even in some pro¬ 
minent position on the grass. The fruits are obovate, 
thickest above the middle, but often rather abrupt at 
the base, making them nearly oval in outline. The 
skin is closely marked with russety spots almost 
after the style of Easter Beurre. The flesh is rich, 
juicy, and gritty, but very agreeable when in prime 
condition, and lasts good for some time. 
SOCIETIES. 
Crystal Palace Autumn Fruit Show. —The exhibition 
of hardy fruits held at Sydenham on the Thursday, 
and two following days of last week, in no way belied 
general expectations that it would be a good one. 
As a matter of fact it was a much larger show than, 
of its kind, had been held there for some years, the 
number of dishes of fruit staged being some 3,500 
Apples and Pears of course formed the bulk, and it 
is no exaggeration to say of the former that larger 
samples all round could hardly have been seen before. 
Brighter coloured fruit we have had many a time, but 
summer sunshine has not been sufficiently in evidence 
this year to put on a great wealth of colour. 
The competition all round was very keen, and in 
the open class for a collection of Apples not to 
exceed 100 dishes there were no less than eight 
lots staged, and all of the highest quality. Messrs. 
George Bunyard & Co., of Maidstone, secured the 
premier award with a grand lot, fine in size, good in 
colour, clean and well set up. The second award 
went to Mr. C. G. Sclater, Devon Nursery, Heavi- 
tree, Exeter, the third to Mr. J. Watkins, Pomona 
Farm, Withington, Hereford ; and the fourth to 
Mr. H. Berwick, Sidmouth, Devon. For the best 
exhibition of Pears, not exceeding fifty dishes, Mr. 
G. Goldsmith, The Gardens, Leonardsiee, Horsham, 
came in first with fine clean samples ; Mr. G. Wood¬ 
ward, gardener, Barham Court, Maidstone, being 
second ; Messrs. Bunyard & Co., third ; and Messrs. 
J. Cheal & Sons, Crawley, fourth. Messrs. Bunyard 
& Co. were the only exhibitors of Apples and Pears 
grown in orchard houses, but their collection was so 
good that the premier award was given to them. 
In the amateurs’ competitions, Mr. G. Woodward 
staged the best collection of kitchen and dessert 
Apples, and it is doubtful if a finer lot has ever 
been staged by any grower—certainly of such well- 
known sorts as Lord Suffield, Warner’s King, Golden 
Spire, Belle Dubois, Mere de Menage, Yorkshire 
Beauty, Lord Grosvenor, The Queen, Washington, 
Cellini Pippin, Peasgood’s Nonsuch, Queen Caroline, 
Alfriston, Emperor Alexander, Tyler’s Kernel, 
Northern Dumpling, Gascoigne’s Scarlet Seedling, 
Ecklinville, New Hawthornden, Stone’s Apple, Bed¬ 
fordshire Foundling, Golden Noble, Cox’s Orange 
Pippin and Stirling Castle, we have never seen 
excelled. Mr. G. Goldsmith was a good second, 
and Mr. A. Waterman, Preston Hall Gardens, Ayles- 
ford, third. For twenty-four dishes of Apples, Mr. 
Waterman came in first, beating Mr. G. Reynolds 
of Gunnersbury, by only a few points, the last-named 
exhibitor’s collection being a remarkably good one 
for the London district. 
Mr. Woodward also had the best twenty-four 
dishes'of Pears, beating Mr. Waterman, and Mr. 
Crasp, Canford Manor ; and the best dozen dishes 
came from Mr. G. Goldsmith, who was followed 
closely in the prize list by Mr. R. Smith, Kenward, 
Yalding, and Mr. W. Cottrell, Oxon Heath Gardens, 
Tunbridge. Mr. Fred. Bridger, Penshurst Place, 
had the best dozen dishes of Apples, followed by Mr. 
Goodwin, Smorkswell, Mereworth, and Mr. Thomp- 
sett, Hadlow. 
Though somewhat on the coarse side, as might 
have been expected, the display of vegetables was 
singularly fine. The Veitch Memorial Medal and 
£5 for a collection of twelve kinds was won by Mr. 
C. J. Waite, Glenhurst, Esher, in a very keen com¬ 
petition, each of the other competitors being de¬ 
serving of the highest recognition. Mr. Waite also 
had the best collection, arranged for effect, a very 
fine lot. Mr. W. Palmer, Thames Ditton, Mr. Sal¬ 
mon, Elder Road, West Norwood, and Mr. Barney, 
Boxley Road, Maidstone, secured the other awards 
in the order named. Messrs. Carter & Cd.’s special 
prizes for a collection of vegetables went to Mr. 
Wilkins, Inwood House, Mr. Waite, and Mr. Pope, 
Highclere Castle. Messrs. Sutton & Sons offered 
special awards for six dishes and three dishes of 
Potatos respectively. In the former competition 
the prizes went to Mr. E. Wiles, Edgcote, Mr. 
Simkins, Shillington, and Mr. W. Pope; and in the 
latter to Mr. Lye, Sydmonton, Mr. Peckover, Ward- 
ington, and Mr. Howard, Canterbury. 
Messrs. G. Bunyard & Co. offered special prizes for 
the best flavoured three dishes of Pears and six of 
Apples, for which there was a heavy competition in 
both cases, which made the judging very heavy and 
difficult. Mr. A. Cooke, Compton Bassett, Caine, 
was first for the former, and Mr. W. Taylor, 
Hampton, for the latter. 
■-- 
The Ceanothus.— It may not be generally known 
that Ceanothus Azureus is largely used as a stock for 
working others upon. Cuttings of C. azureus strike 
freely in March and April. They are placed 
in pots of light sandy soil, and rooted in heat. The 
cuttings are taken from out-door plants. When 
rooted they are potted on until they are in 2 in. and 
3 m. pots, and they are then fit to sell, in June or 
July. It is said in the nurseries that the great 
secret of success with the Ceanothus is to keep the 
plants growing. 
ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS. 
Laelia Perrinii alba. 
The species is decidedly an autumn and early winter 
flowering Orchid, but very distinct in its way on ac¬ 
count of the peculiar form of the flowers and the 
arching of some of the segments, which give them 
an attitude of flying. There are few varieties of it 
in cultivation, and that under notice is the best, as 
the flowers are pure white, with exception of a faint 
purplish tint on the front lobe of the lip. A speci¬ 
men bearing three flowers was exhibited by Baron 
Schroder (gardener, Mr. Ballantine), The Dell, 
Egham, at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural 
Society, held at Chiswick on the 6th inst., when a 
First-class Certificate was awarded it. 
Cattleya aurea marmorata. 
The above was the name under which a sub-variety 
of Cattleya labiata Dowiana was exhibited at a 
meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, held 
at Chiswick on the 6th inst. The sepals and the 
much broader petals were rose coloured, the latter 
having darker veins. The lip, as usual, was the 
most conspicuous organ of the flower, and had the 
terminal lobe of a warm amethyst purple, with two 
very large orange-yellow blotches at the base of the 
side lobes and at the entrance to the tubular portion. 
The throat was suffused with purple and striated 
with orange. It was exhibited by G. O. Sloper, 
Esq., Highworth, Wilts, and was accorded an Award 
of Merit. 
__ - 
WHAT TO DO IN THE GARDEN, 
Chrysanthemums. —Mildew is playing havoc 
with the newly-housed plants owing to the dampness 
of the weather. The disease had commenced while 
the plants were in the open air, but the shelter afforded 
has increased the virulence of the malady. All the 
air possible must be given so as to keep the plants 
cool, and maintain a circulation of air. Fire heat 
should be resorted to only in the mornings to dispel 
damp. Dust the foliage with flour of sulphur to 
keep the mildew in check. 
Vines. —The rods in the earliest house should now 
be pruned so that the wounds may be quite dried up 
before the time for forcing commences. In the case 
of early houses it is more important to prune back 
to a plump bud than to prune to the basal one for 
the sake of keeping the rods tidy. Rub off the loose 
bark with the hand, but never use a knife to peel off 
the bark as it injures the rods. The latter can then 
be well scrubbed with a solution of soft soap or 
Gishurst compound in warm water, mixing with it a 
wineglassful of paraffin to three gallons of water. 
Look over the Grapes in late vineries,as the continued 
wet weather is causing some of the berries to 
damp off. 
Melons. —A night temperature of 65° or 70° will 
be necessary to ripen Melons during this month, with 
a corresponding rise by day with artificial heat, and 
even more with sun heat. As the fruits approach 
maturity, a high temperature, a dry and airy atmo¬ 
sphere must be added, otherwise they will be defi¬ 
cient in flavour. No syringing will be necessary 
except on bright days, when it may be given in the 
morning and afternoon. 
Bedding Violas. —Cuttings put in to root in the 
autumn always make the best stuff for planting out 
in spring. In the neighbourhood of large towns it 
is necessary to root Violas in cold frames in order to 
keep them clean, otherwise the deposits from a 
smoky atmosphere kills great numbers of them. 
Those in rural disticts may prepare borders along¬ 
side of close fences or garden walls, using a con¬ 
siderable quantity of sand or sandy-loam and leaf 
soil to encourage roots. Into this when made firm 
they may be dibbled in close lines. In selecting cut¬ 
tings give preference to those which arise from the 
roots, as they succeed best. 
Lilium candidum. —Those who intend lifting or 
transplanting their bulbs should do so before fresh 
growth commences. The larger and radical leaves 
are thrown up before the approach of winter, and if 
left till this takes place serious injury will be done to 
the roots, and frequently no flow'er stems are pro¬ 
duced the following season. 
Strawberry Plantations.— No delay should 
now be made in completing what fresh plantations 
the cultivator may still have in view. Roots are now 
being largely produced, favoured by the mild nature 
