October 24, 1891. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
117 
formed from the wood produced after the first flower¬ 
ing, and he advises they be taken with a heel, as 
they strike better than cuttings made by cutting 
through just below a joint. But the American Rose 
growers are found asserting that cuttings strike 
better without a heel than with one; but possibly 
they refer to cuttings rooted in heat. A sharp knife 
should be used in making cuttings, so as to give a 
clean cut; they should be put into the soil as soon 
as they are made, and the soil pressed firmly 
about them, or they will not grow. That is a point all 
raisers of Roses by means of cuttings should bear 
in mind. 
The cuttings are best about 4 in. in length, and about 
1 in. left above the surface of the soil, that is, 1 in. 
above ground, and 3 in. below. So, in forming 
the cutting beds, care should be taken there is suffi¬ 
cient depth of prepared soil. All eyes should be 
show Roses, therefore it is best to bud them on some 
suitable stock. But if anyone who fancies Roses 
Vvill take the trouble to grow his own stocks, 
and treat cuttings and stocks alike, he will 
find the cuttings give him the least trouble and the 
best Roses, as, in general, cuttings of stocks have to 
be made, planted, and left for one year, to be taken 
up and planted for budding the second year, and 
before Roses can be cut from budded plants the 
grower has to wait two and a half years or more, 
whereas a good quantity of Roses can be cut the 
second year from Roses on their own roots, and the 
third year they will be as strong as the majority 
of maidens budded on stocks of the same age, at 
which time the Roses struck from the cuttings of the 
same date will be well established in the majority of 
cases. 
Mr. Brown tells us that in his^experience Roses on 
NOTES FROM OAKWOOD. 
I send my usual autumnal note on the blooming of 
new Lilies in the past season. L. Hansoni, L. 
Leichtlinii, L. odorum japonicum, the Lily sold as 
the new red form of L. Leichtlinii, but which seems 
to me to be the oldL. tigrinum jucundum, L. Parda- 
linum and its varieties, L. Browni, L. superbum, L. 
giganteum, L. cordifolium and L. tigrinum splen- 
dens were all fine. L. auratum rubrovittatum and 
some L. auratum macranthum, and especially one 
coloured like L. a. pictum, were especially good ; L. 
candidum simplex only moderate ; L. auratum 
suffered a good deal, first from the hail showers 
bruising the buds, afterwards from the cold heavy 
showers and high winds. Individual plants had 
fine flowers, but more had enough damaged buds or 
flowers to disfigure them. 
The Rockery at Lamport Hall.—The Crystal Cave, 
left on the base of the cutting. When well man¬ 
aged, eighty or ninety per cent, of such cuttings will 
strike readily. 
When the cutting bed is full the frame should be 
kept close for a time, a little air being admitted in 
mild weather to prevent the leaflets left on the upper 
part of the cutting damping off. When sharp frost 
happens, it is desirable to cover up the frame, not 
because any harm will come to the cuttings, but 
because the frost has a loosening effect, and then the 
process of rooting is retarded. 
By the end of April or the beginning of May, the 
cuttings will have rooted and be ready to pot off; 
they are best taken up with a little soil adhering to 
the roots, potted, placed in a frame kept close for a 
time, hardened off by degrees, and then planted out 
in August, kept in cold frames during the winter, and 
planted out in April or May following, It is not a 
good plan to allow the young plants to become pot- 
bound if it can be avoided. 
Objections are taken to this method of propagation 
on the ground that it is a slow one, it taking a long 
time before the plants are strong enough to grow 
their own roots are much safer in hard winters, and 
he states he has had plants cut down to the surface 
of the soil, start again vigorously in the following 
spring and make shoots during the summer from 
5 to 7 ft. in height, when they are growing in 
sandy soil. 
Plants here three years old are much stronger than 
maidens, many of them having from three to six 
shoots from 4 to 6 ft. in height. Whereas, in the 
majority of cases, the maiden has from one to three 
shoots of 1 to 3 ft., and then has to be transplanted, 
and by the end of another year, in most cases, they 
are less than when planted ; whereas, those in the 
meantime on their own roots have been getting much 
stronger. 
As a matter of Course stocks are necessary 
for all new varieties, as, if propagated by cuttings, 
it would be a long time before a new variety could 
be sent out by thousands to the public. But the 
established varieties can be propagated by cuttings, 
as in a few years a new Rose becomes plentiful 
enough to give a grower sufficient plants for the 
purpose of cuttings.— R. D. 
This unkindly season gave a good lesson as to the 
difficulty of growing L. auratum in cold, damp cli¬ 
mates. Speciosum and varieties varied much. Our 
finest flowers were on plants high up on the “ moun¬ 
tain " at Oakwood, where the air about them was 
dry, and in a sunk tub with the bottom out at the 
entrance gate at Heatherbank, where they are 
sheltered by shrubs from the sun, but exposed to 
much wind ; these are still in great beauty. In some 
damp, quiet, sheltered places at Oakwood, these 
Lilies bloomed well, but in damp exposed places 
many of the flowers were spoilt. This was our first 
year of growing L. odorum japonicum; it flowered, 
well out of doors, and had a sweet scent. The best 
of the flowers had a dark shade, but not the rich dark 
colour of L. Browni. Those grown in our Lily house 
were pure white, and the scent delightful. If they 
stand out of doors as well as L-. Browni, and we 
have planted them in different situations to ascertain 
this point, I think that they deserve to be more gen¬ 
erally grown. 
Many experienced gardeners have seen our plan of 
growing Lilies, where exposed to trees and shrub 
