November 7> 1891. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
151 
the silvery reverse is of course hidden. It was 
shown by Mr, R. Owen, and received an Award of 
Merit. 
Chrysanthemum Wm. Wells. —The heads of 
this variety attain a large size, are semiglobose, and 
of a soft sulphur yellow. The outer and older florets 
are slightly twisted in one direction at their apices. 
The variety is a sport from Madame B. Pigny, with 
which it agrees in every other particular except 
colour. It flowers very freely, as one dwarf plant 
will give from four to eight blooms of good average 
or even large size, and is in all respects easily grown. 
Blooms were shown by Mr. W. Wells, 8, High Street, 
Redhill, and received an Award of Merit. 
Chrysanthemum R. Smith. —Being a sport from 
the reflexed Dr. Sharp this is precisely of the same 
dwarf and robust habit, easily grown, and flowers 
freely. The florets of Dr. Sharp are easily recognised 
by the lower half tapering into a narrow quill or 
tube. The sport has, of course, the same peculiarity, 
but the upper and flattened portion of the floret is 
of a deep rich chestnut. Some blooms were shown 
by Messrs. H. Cannell Sc Sons, Swanley, who received 
an Award of Merit for the variety. 
Richardia africana compacta.— This is a dwarf 
and compact variety of the Trumpet Lily', best known 
in gardens under the name of R. aethiopica, and 
growing as it does to a height of i8in. or 20 in. is 
midway between the type and the pigmy known as 
Little Gem. The leaf stalks are short and robust in 
keeping with the flower scape, and the spathe is as 
usual white. It was exhibited by Messrs. R. Veitch 
& Son, Exeter, and received an Award of Merit. 
Grape Chasselas Napoleon.— The bunches of 
this little known Grape are large and fairly well 
shouldered, the berries large, oval, and very similar in 
colour to those of Muscat of Alexandria, that is, they 
are pale green when fully grown, but when fully 
finished assume a fine pale yellow tint. As a matter 
of fact it would be included amongst the white 
Grapes. The variety was obtained by the crossing 
of Muscat of Alexandria and Hamburgh, and is a 
noble looking Grape, not liable to crack or get 
spotted, like several others of the same class. Its 
worst fault is that it does not keep long, and must 
therefore be classed amongst midseason Grapes. A 
bunch of it was shown by Mr. G. Reynolds, gardener 
to the Messrs, de Rothschild, Gunnersbury Park, 
Acton, and a First-class Certificate was awarded the 
variety. 
At a meeting of the National Chrysanthemum 
Society held in the Royal Aquarium on the 28th ult., 
various exhibits of new Chrysanthemums were 
made, and the undermentioned varieties received 
First-class Certificates. 
Chrysanthemum Beauty of Eynsford. —This 
is the name given to a Japanese Anemone of large 
size and showy appearance. The rays are nume¬ 
rous, broad, defiexed, and inclined to become revolute 
at the margins when they get old. The disc is very 
large and prominent, creamy-white at first, but 
changing to pale purple when fully expanded. 
Chrysanthemum R. Smith. — For description of 
this variety see above. Both it and Beauty of Eyns¬ 
ford w'ere exhibited by Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons, 
Swanley, Kent. 
Chrysanthemum Madame Darrier.— The heads 
of this new incurved variety are of medium or large 
size, very neatly incurved, flatly conical, judging 
from the specimens shown, and of a beautiful rosy- 
fawn, tipped with yellow. Evidently it will require 
little or no dressing. The heads measured 4^ in. to 
5 in. in diameter, and may yet be larger, as the variety 
was only obtained from the Continent this year, and 
cannot be considered to have had time to show the 
extent of its capabilities. It was exhibited by Mr. 
C. Blick, The Warren, Hayes, Kent. 
Chrysanthemum Madame C. Harman Payne.— 
The general impression is, that this new Japanese 
variety is of the same type as Madame J. Laing, but 
it is altogether a larger and broader bloom. The 
florets are more incurved, especially in the centre, 
and deep purple, shaded with violet, and having a 
silvery reverse, well shown by the incurving of a 
considerable number of them. They are of the same 
breadth as those of Madame J. Laing, but apparently 
will never be so decidedly upright, so that the bloom 
is flatter on the top. The leaves are large, deep 
green, three lobed, with very blunt lobes of great 
substance, and the uppermost leaves are oblong and 
undivided resembling bracts, as in the case of Etoile 
de Lyon. The variety was exhibited by M. Ernest 
Calvat, Grenoble, France. 
FLtO^ICULiTUf?E. 
National Auricula and National Carnation and 
Picotee Societies. 
T he annual meeting of the members of these Societies 
took place in the room of the Horticultural Club 
Hotel, Windsor, on the 20th ult. Martin R. Smith, 
Esq., in the chair, there being a fairly good atten¬ 
dance. The secretary, Mr. J. Douglas, read the 
report of the committee of the Auricula, and after¬ 
wards that of the committee of the Carnation Society, 
this being the fifteenth year of the existence of both ; 
that of the Auricula set forth that satisfactory 
progress had been made with the culture of the 
Auricula during the past year, and considering the 
adverse character of the season the display last 
April was remarkably good, but the northern growers 
were not able to compete, their plants not being in 
bloom. The new varieties of late years are taking 
the places of the older ones, and with the exception 
of Headley's George Lightbody, scarcely one of the 
latter are now grown for exhibition purposes ; indeed 
the new have quite susperseded the old. 
The Alpine varieties were very good, and showed 
the great improvement which is taking place in the 
section. The species of Primulas were very interest¬ 
ing and instructive. Border Polyanthuses and 
Primroses made a fine display. The judges were 
thanked for their services, and the committee of the 
Horticultural Club for allowing the use of their room 
free of charge. The amount of subscriptions during 
the past year w‘as £yo 6s. 6d. The amount of prize 
money awarded, £62 6s. od., and a balance of over 
£8 is carried forward. The report of the Carnation 
society stated that since the first exhibition of the 
Society, most satisfactory progress had been made. 
Last season was a late and trying one for growers, 
which prevented many from showing, and the 
amount of prize money awarded was much lower 
than usual. Owing to the late season the competi¬ 
tion for the Martin Smith special prizes for border 
Carnations took place a fortnight later, and resulted 
in a remarkably interesting exhibition. The premier 
Carnation was Henry Cannell, S.F., and the premier 
Picotee, Madeline, Rose Edge. The subscriptions 
to the Carnation Society amounted to £yi ns. 6d., 
the prize money paid was ^48 15s. od., and a balance 
of £21 15s. od. is carried forward to next year. In 
the course of the discussion upon the reports it 
appeared that there is standing to the credit of the 
Carnation Society in the Liberator Building Society, 
on deposit the sum of £25, the original trustees being 
Miss H. Selfe Leonard and Shirley. Hibberd, and 
owing to a vacancy by the death of the latter, Mr. 
Martin R. Smith was appointed in his place. It was 
resolved that so much of the balance in favour of the 
Carnation and Picotee Society as will, with the 
sum on deposit and interest accruing, bring the 
sum up to £40, be invested, the trustees undertaking 
to do so. 
In moving the adoption of the report the chair¬ 
man suggested the importance of bringing the objects 
and names of the Society more prominently before 
the public, by using a leaflet or something of the 
kind, setting forth the privileges and advantages of 
membership. He also suggested whether it would 
be possible to come to seme arrangement by which 
new varieties of Primulas and Carnations could be 
put into the hands of members of the two Societies 
before they were offered to the general public, also 
if it were possible to obtain and offer to the public 
seed of reliable quality that will grow; as a great 
deal of what is little better than rubbish was sold as 
Carnation Seed of high quality. He also expressed 
his willingness to modify the conditions of his 
special prizes in Carnations in any way that may 
seem desirable ; he thought he had been somewhat 
sharply criticised in the gardening papers. The 
reports were ordered to be printed and circulated in 
the usual manner. 
The election of officers of the Auricula Society 
was then proceeded with. Sir J. D. T. Llewellyn 
Bart., was elected president; the vice-presidents, 
with the addition of the name of Mr. Martin R. 
Smith, and the committee, w'ere re-elected. Mr. 
Smith was elected the president of the National Car¬ 
nation Society ; the vice-presidents and committee 
were re-elected, with the addition of the name of 
Mr. Arthur Veitch to the latter. Messrs. T. E. 
Henwood and James Douglas were re-elected trea¬ 
surer and secretary of both Societies, and the audi¬ 
tors were re-elected. It was resolved that the date 
of the Auricula Show should be on April 20th, though 
it was pointed out that it is only those who bring on 
their Auriculas in artificial heat who can hope to 
show at such a early date. The date of the Carna¬ 
tion Show was fixed for the last Tuesday in July. 
Some suggestions were made with a view of revising 
the schedules, one being to the effect that prizes 
should be offered for Carnations and Auriculas grown 
within four miles of Charing Cross, but as this 
could be done, so it was said, only at the expense of 
reducing the prizes in some of the other classes, the 
opposition to any reduction was too great to admit 
of the suggestion being carried out.— R.D. 
Strong-Growing Carnations. 
Considering the numerous varieties of Carnations 
and Picotees now in cultivation, I should like to 
know on behalf of myself and other amateur 
growers, which are the strongest in constitution and 
finest in quality of flower for exhibition. As this is 
the time recommended for making additions or 
restorations, would a few of the best growers kindly 
give in this paper a selection of fifty varieties as 
follows : Five from each class Bizarres and Flakes ; 
ten seifs and ten “ variety ” ; also five light and five 
heavy edged Picotees from each class red, purple, 
and rose .—Gee Cross. 
THE BOUVARDIA. 
With the exception of the Chrysanthemum, there is 
no flower more useful than this. Indeed, it does not 
give way to the Chrysanthemum for elegance or 
chasteness; the only point in which this most popu¬ 
lar flower can pass the Bouvardia being in its size 
and greater adaptability for general decorations; At 
present I have a fine lot of these in full flower, and 
which will continue to bloom all through the coming 
winter and early spring. It is as a winter-blooming 
plant that I wish to speak of the Bouvardia, It is 
an easily-grown subject, and when well done, none 
can be more useful for cut flowers or as a decorative 
plant. My plants are of all sizes, some being in 48's, 
others in 16’s. In height they vary from 9 in. to 
4 ft., and all sizes are literally covered with buds. 
The new double variety of Hogarthii—B. Ho- 
garthii flore-pleno—is a grand acquisition, and makes 
a wonderfully pretty and compactly grown plant, 
This and Mrs. Green are two of the. best to grow 
for small specimens intended for table work. I have 
plants of each, about a foot high and as far through, 
that are one mass of bloom. 
Bouvardias are readily increased either from cut¬ 
tings of the wood or roots. Young growths will 
strike as freely as Verbenas., Fuchsias, etc., in the 
spring, and under similar treatment. As. soon as 
they are well rooted pinch out the tips of young 
growth, and after a few more days, just as the young 
shoots are commencing to start, pot them off into 
6o’s, giving them a steady temperature of 60° to 65° 
Keep the young growths stopped so as to form nice' 
bushy plants, and also to induce s.tro.ng shoots from 
the base of the plant later on. These, strong, sucker¬ 
like growths will grow some 2 to 4 ft. high, according 
to the variety, and will produce fine trusses of 
flowers, followed by more grand trusses upon their 
laterals. A fair amount of water at the roots., .with 
an occasional syringing upon bright weather, will 
grow them very well. The best compost being a 
nice mixture of strong turf, a little peat, and a good 
dash of sharp sand or road grit. 
Where one grows them for winter cut flowers 
only, very few plants give so little trouble. You can 
turn them out into a deep pit or frame in June, some 
eighteen to twenty-four inches apart, according to 
the strength of growth of each variety. If they are 
kept properly watered and have a good ventilation 
upon all suitable days, they will thrive well. At the 
end of July, remove the lights entirely and expose to 
all the sun and air possible, giving a syringe over¬ 
head morning and evening upon all fine, warm days. 
Let them remain thus all through August and 
September, when they should be carefully lifted and 
potted into good sized pots. 
If the pit is deep enough return the plants to it for 
a few days, place the lights over, giving a slight 
shading upon sunny days, and if you keep them 
well syringed overhead they will very soon have 
recovered from their shift and be quite ready 
to place in an ordinary greenhouse temperature of 
60°. Plants so treated will throw an enormous 
quantity of splendid flowers throughout the greater 
part of the winter and early spring, 
