200 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
November 28, 1891. 
grown it for the last 19 years, and still considers it a 
good variety. The flowers are somewhat similar to 
those of Marie Louise, but the petals are of a darker 
blue, and apparently fewer in number. The flowers 
are also larger, very sweet scented, and produced 
with the same freedom as those of Marie Louise. 
The plants are grown in a cold frame, and have been 
flowering for a long time past. 
CHRYSANTHEMUM 
SHOWS. 
Liverpool. —This annual exhibition, which was 
held in St. George’s Hall on Tuesday and Wednes¬ 
day of last week, was, as noted in our last, a most 
gratifying success in every respect, and we have now 
the pleasure to give further details. With Chrysan¬ 
themums in pots, three large flowering, Mr. T. 
Wilson, gardener to O. H. Williams, Esq., Aigburth, 
took the lead with fair specimens, and for the best 
single plant the same exhibitor was first with a well- 
flowered Fleur de Marie. For three Pompons, 
distinct, Mr. Thomas Robinson, Mossley Hill, was 
first with fine unnamed specimens. The best Single 
Pompon was a fine Marie Stuart, shown by Mr. 
Thomas Wilson. The first prize for six untrained 
specimens went to Mr. J. Lowndes, gardener to 
S. S. Parker, Esq., for splendidly flowered plants. 
An extra first prize was awarded to Mr. T. Govern 
for six magnificent plants, one of which, however, 
was slightly trained and consequently disqualified, 
as also was a splendid Mrs. Dixon. 
For a group occupying a space of sixty square feet 
Mr. W.Winkworth, gardener to R. Brocklebank, Esq., 
was first with a grand bank chiefly of Japanese; 
second, Mr. J. Harrison, gardener to Mrs. W. G. 
Bateson, with a pleasing arrangement. For six stove 
and greenhouse plants, three in flower and three fine 
foliaged, Mr. J. Jellicoe, gardener to F. H. Gossage, 
Esq., was to the fore; Mr. A. R. Cox, gardener to 
W. H. Watts, Esq., being second. Four stove or 
greenhouse Ferns: Mr. T. Govern staged a grand 
lot; Dicksonia antartica, 10 ft. in diameter, D. 
squarrosa, 8 ft., etc. Three Orchids, distinct: Mr. C. 
Osborne had the premier collection, comprising 
Cypripedium Harrisianum, Odontoglossum grande 
with sixteen flowers, and Dendrobium Wardianum. 
One Orchid : Mr. T. Foster secured the leading 
honour in this class with Vanda suavis. One 
Cypripedium: first, Mr. J. Harrison with a C, 
insigne, carrying nearly forty flowers. 
The entry for cut blooms was by far the largest 
the society has ever received. In the sixteen classes 
the entries numbered 123 or 1884 blooms. The 
premier collection of forty-eight varieties, twenty- 
four Japs. and twenty-four incurved, in not less than 
thirty-six varieties, was staged by Mr. G. Burden, 
gardener to G. Cockburn, Esq., Oxton, Cheshire, 
his finest flowers being, incurved : Queen of Eng¬ 
land, Alfred Salter, John Lambert, Empress of India, 
Violet Tomlin, Mr. N. Davis; Japs.: Viviand Morel, 
Puritan, Etoile de Lyon, Pelican, Boule d’Or, Stan- 
stead White, Mrs. F. Jameson, Mons. Bernard, W. W. 
Coles and Edwin Molyneux. Second, Mr. R. 
Townsend, gardener to J. R. Greatorex, Esq., 
Shrewsbury, with smaller but firm flowers; third, 
Mr. John Gauld, gardener to R. M. Dale, Esq. ; 
fourth, Mr. Osborne, gardener to Lieut.-Col. Robin¬ 
son. For twelve Japs., twelve incurved and twelve 
reflexed, the first prize consisted of a very handsome 
Challenge Vase, presented by Messrs. R. P. Ker & 
S.ons, with ten guineas for each year’s winner, the 
vase to be won twice in succession or three times in 
all. Mr. A. R. Cox staged the premier lot, very 
fine flowers of great substance and fresh, the finest 
including Etoile de Lyon, Sunflower, Boule d'Or, 
Empress of India, Mons. R. Bahaunt, Golden Em¬ 
press, Violet Tomlin, etc. ; reflexed, Cullingfordii, 
Mons. Feston, Cloth of Gold, etc. Eighteen incurved : 
first, Mr. John Haynes, gardener to B. C. Nicholson, 
Esq., with fresh, good flowers. Twelve incurved; 
first, Mr. J. Edwards, gardener to H. Tate, Esq. 
The fruit section was grandly represented, in fact, 
considerably ahead of previous seasons, which is 
saying a great deal. For six dishes, Mr. T. 
Elsworthy, gardener to A. R. Gladstone, Esq., 
Broad Green, was accorded the post of honour, with 
fine Alicante and Muscat of Alexandria Grapes, 
Melon, Hero of Lockinge, Pears and Apples. Second, 
Mr. J. Bennett, gardener to the Hon. C. H. Wynn, 
Rhug, Corwen. For two bunches of Black Alicante, 
Mr. T, Elsworthy again scored out of eleven entries, 
Two-bunches of black Grapes: Mr. W. Severs, gar¬ 
dener to S. Smith, Esq., M.P., had the best out 
of eleven lots, Gros Guillaume. Two bunches of 
Muscats: Mr. G. Middleton took the lead with 
model bunches of Muscat of Alexandria. For four 
bunches, Mr. T. Elsworthy secured the premier 
honours, with fine bunches of Alnwick Seedling, 
Golden Queen, Black Alicante, and Muscat of 
Alexandria. With six dishes of dessert Pears, Mr. 
J. H. Goodacre, Elvaston, was first with immense 
fruits; and with six dishes of dessert Apples, the 
Rev. L. Garnet was to the fore with fine coloured 
samples. 
Messrs. R. P. Ker & Sons staged a magnificent 
group of Cyclamen of great substance, the whites 
especially being remarkable for size and purity. 
The Liverpool Horticultural Co. (John Cowan), 
Limited, made a brilliant display of Orchids, Bou- 
vardias, etc. At the entrance they set up a most 
pleasing arrangement of Palms, Callas, Bouvardias, 
etc. Messrs. Dickson, Limited, Chester, sent some 
fifty dishes of Apples, of fine size and rich colour. 
Fishlock Bros, had a highly interesting arrangement 
of wreaths, bouquets, sprays, etc. The staging and 
arrangements were ably carried out by Mr. E. 
Bridge, Secretary, Mr. G. Blackmore, Treasurer, 
and an efficient Committee. 
National Chrysanthemum Society. 
At a meeting of the Floral Committee on the 24th 
inst., a considerable number of new varieties of 
Chrysanthemums were shown. The largest exhibit 
was that of Mr. R. Owen, Maidenhead, who showed 
Countess of Hambledon, Madame Darquier, Lizzie 
Cartledge, Richard Nisbet, Mrs. Bruce Findlay, and 
other good Japanese sorts. Primrose League, creamy 
white, and E. D. Adams, blush pink, were Japanese 
varieties shown by Messrs. Pitcher & Manda, Hex- 
table, Swanley. Mr. R. Cox, Brickendon, Herts, 
also showed Lizzie Cartledge and Mrs. J. S. Fogg. 
Mr. A. Wright, Devonhurst, Chiswick, had an 
incurved Cullingfordi named Amy Casey. Some 
Japanese varieties were shown by Mr. Calvert. 
Mr. Lane, King’s Ride, Ascot, exhibited Lizzie 
Cartledge. An incurved yellow Japanese variety 
named J. Stanboroiigh Dibbens was shown by 
Mr. J. Dibbens, Breakspeare Road, Brockley, S.E. 
Geo. Atkinson and Mrs. - L. S. Morton, two 
varieties belonging to the same class as 
the last, were shown by Mr. Beckett, Aldenham 
House, Elstree. C. E. Shea, Esq., The Elms, 
Foots Cray, Kent, had a large incurved Japanese 
sort named Violet Rose, also Lionel Humphrey, 
deep purple with lilac reverse, E. G. Hill, yellow, 
and others. Mr. J. Dinsmore, The Gardens, The 
Cedars, Harrow Weald, had a fine bloom of the yel¬ 
low incurved Japanese sort named Kioto, as well as 
a single bloom each of Thos. Cartledge and Leon 
Frache ; but as two blooms are necessary for the 
Committee, the exhibit was not eligible for an award. 
Brookleigh Gem, a lilac sport from Jeanne d’Arc, was 
exhibited by Mr. R. Cawte, Hare Lane, Esher. 
ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS, 
Orchid Growers’ Calendar. 
Odontoglossum crispum, O. Pescatorei, O. glorio- 
sum, and O. Insleayii and its varieties are now 
pushing up their flower spikes plentifully, and will 
require careful watching to guard against the ravages 
of slugs. A piece of dry cotton wool, twisted round 
the base of the leaf and flower spike, is one of the 
best methods to prevent them getting at the flower 
spikes. Constant watch should be kept, and trap¬ 
ping with Potatos cut in two, each piece hollowed 
out and placed on the surface of the compost, and 
by Cabbage leaves laid on the stages amongst the 
plants and examined every morning, will help to get 
rid of these troublesome pests. Thrips and greenfly 
are especially active at this time of the year, and 
will require to be kept under, as, if neglected, they 
soon cause more damage both to the plants and 
flowers. If fumigating is resorted to to get rid of 
them, it should be done on two or three alternate 
evenings, and not too strong. For Odontoglossums 
avoid the use of tobacco paper or rag, as it causes a 
great many of the leaves to turn yellow and drop. 
For some time I have used Me Dougal’s fumi¬ 
gating sheets with very good results, especially in the 
destruction of yellow thrip, and without damaging 
plants or flowers. 
Plants pushing up their flower spikes should be 
kept near the glass, so as to take advantage of all the 
light possible. Sophronitis grandiflora has been 
flowering for some time past, and is one of those 
plants that require to be well supplied with water all 
the year round. The plant should be grown in pans 
or baskets, in a mixture of peat and sphagnum, sus¬ 
pended from the roof and kept shaded from the sun, 
and during the spring and summer months freely 
syringed overhead. It does not occupy much room 
during its period of growth, and its bright orange- 
scarlet flowers aid a charm to the Orchid house at 
this season of the year.— A. IV. 
Arachnanthe Clarkei. 
Of the half-dozen species of Arachnanthe known, all 
are natives of the Malayan Archipelago, with excep¬ 
tion of A. Clarkei, which comes from the Eastern 
Himalayas, and was introduced in 1886. The sepals 
are spathulate, or oblong, and heavily barred trans¬ 
versely with bronzy-brown on a yellow ground that 
is almost covered. The petals are narrower, but 
otherwise similar. The tbree-lobed lip is different 
in form and colour, the terminal lobe being the 
largest and most conspicuous. The general hue is a 
bronzy-buff, striated longitudinally with seven to 
nine whitish ridges. The spur is short and the 
mouth of it is covered with two crests. The large, 
fleshy, yellow column occupies the centre of the flat 
flower, and is very prominent. The flowers of this 
species are all of one shape and colour and apparently 
never dimorphic as in A. Lowii and A. Rohaniana. 
It was named Esmeralda Clarkei by Reichenbach, 
and in gardening books and nursery catalogues 
generally appears under the name of Vanda Clarkei, 
but the correct name is that given above. A flower¬ 
ing specimen may be seen in the warm division of 
the Orchid house at Kew. The stems are about 2 ft. 
high, and the flower scape appears opposite to a leaf, 
The latter is strap-shaped, bifid, and of a bright 
shining green. 
Vanda caerulea Sander's var. 
There is generally a considerable amount of varia¬ 
tion, both in the size and colour of the flowers in an 
importation of this species. The flowers of the more 
typical forms are white, more or less shaded with 
blue, and are generally almost white when they first 
expand. The larger and more brightly coloured 
flowers are the most appreciated, but even in the best 
forms hitherto appearing the blue colour has been 
distributed along the veins. Sander’s var. now 
flowering in the collection of Messrs. F. Sander & 
Co., St. Alban’s, is the darkest form we have seen, 
the whole surface being of a rich dark blue, with 
exception of some small pale areas between the 
principal veins. Both the upper and under surface 
of the sepals and petals are coloured alike; and the 
lip is very dark. 
Oncidium prsetextum. 
The originally described form of this Oncid was 
characterised by having flowers about an inch across 
or thereby, with light brown sepals and petals, 
barred transversely and edged with yellow. The lip 
was yellow, with a margin of brown variously inter¬ 
rupted and broken with yellow blotches. The 
flowers were also fragrant at certain stages of their 
growth, and produced in large and graceful panicles. 
A fine specimen has been flowering for some time 
past in the collection of A. Dixon, Esq. (gardener 
Mr. Greggs), Ealing. The much branched panicle 
bears 100 blooms, unusually rich in colour. The 
sepals are barred, but the petals are of a uniform dark 
brown, while the lip is of a similar hue, with exception 
of a clearyellow blotch at the base of the middle lobe. 
Some object to the small size of the flowers, but taking 
their number into consideration, and the graceful 
manner in which they are arranged, this Oncid ought 
to be received with more favour by gardeners. 
WHAT TO DO IN THE GARDEN, 
Stove Climbers. —It is the usual custom when 
climbers in pots have done flowering to remove them 
to another house with a lower temperature and drier 
atmosphere. This cannot be done with those 
climbers which are planted out permanently. Such, 
however, can be induced to go to rest by withhold¬ 
ing water and keeping them quite dry, but not to 
such an extent as to reduce the soil to a state of dust, 
otherwise many of the roots will get killed. Another 
point of importance is that heat-loving subjects like 
Allamandas and Dipladenias must not be kept in too 
low a temperature, otherwise it will be found that 
