November 23, 1891. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
201 
many of the roots and also shoots will be dead in 
spring. Evergreen climbers require less water in 
winter than when growing, but it would be injurious 
to most of them to keep them as dry as the deci¬ 
duous kinds. 
Winter-flowering Stove Plants.—Many plants 
can be kept for a longer time in good condition if 
removed to an intermediate house when in bloom, or 
even to a greenhouse or conservatory where the night 
temperature is kept at 50°, with arise of io q by day, 
or even i$ Q with sun heat. Of course, in ventilating 
they must be kept from cold draughts, and always as 
near the light as possible, particularly in the case of 
Poinsettias. Other subjects coming under this head¬ 
ing are Sericographis, Libonias, Epiphyllums, Eu¬ 
phorbias, Begonias of the winter-flowering type, 
Centropogon Lucyanus, and others. 
Plants for the Conservatory.—The display 
from Chrysanthemums will last for some time yet, 
particularly where they have been grown in bush 
form. They can, however, be supplemented and 
varied by the use of Paper-white Narcissus, Sola- 
nums, Salvias, Chinese Primulas, Roman Hyacinths, 
Richardias,- Bouvardias, Carnations, Eupatorium 
riparium, and several of the autumn and winter¬ 
flowering Heaths. The night temperature of a house 
in which such flowering plants as the above are. kept 
should be maintained at 50°, giving ventilation 
during the day to guard against damp and the conse¬ 
quent spotting or damping of the flowers, 
Bedding Plants.—Coleus, Alternantheras, and 
other tender subjects will have to be kept in a warm 
house, otherwise they will soon lose their leaves. 
Those of hardier types, such as Lobelias, Pelar¬ 
goniums, Gazanias, and Verbenas, should be kept as 
cool as possible, compatible with a healthy condition 
and freedom from damping. During wet weather 
the stock should be gone over in order to remove all 
damping and decaying stems or leaves. This is more 
particularly necessary in the case of Pelargoniums. 
Lobelias must be kept as near the glass as possible, 
and with this in view no better position could be got 
for them than a shelf. Nothing tells sooner upon them 
than when kept in dark or heavily shaded positions. 
Echeverias and Pachyphytons, together with other 
succulent subjects, must be sparingly watered or 
many of them will damp off. 
Late Vineries.—If properly managed late Grapes 
will now keep best in the Grape-room, and their 
removal to such a place is necessary if large quan¬ 
tities of bedding plants are kept in the vineries. 
Before commencing the storage of them the fruit 
room should be thoroughly cleaned and warmed, at 
the same time giving ventilation to dispel damp. 
Fill the bottles with clean, soft water, placing a few 
lumps of charcoal in each to keep the water sweet. 
There should be a means of heating the place arti¬ 
ficially so as to dispel damp occasionally and main¬ 
tain the temperature at 45° in severe weather. 
Forcing Vegetables.—Rhubarb and Sea Kale 
may be forced upon the ground by the use of a bed 
of fermenting materials placed around and over the 
pots to some 3 ft. or 4 ft. in depth. Leaves raked off 
the lawns, paths, and woods are very suitable for 
this purpose. Less trouble is, however, incurred and 
the results are more certain if the roots can be taken 
to a proper forcing pit or mushroom house where 
they may be taken in batches from time to time ac¬ 
cording to requirements. Asparagus may be treated 
in the same way, keeping all in the dark to make 
them crisp and tender. A supply of good loam 
should always be kept on hand for potting and top¬ 
dressing such things as are grown in pots. 
—:—- 
Questions add ansuieRs. 
Names of Plants.— T. S. : 1, The variegated 
Roast Beef Plant (Iris foetidissima variegata) ; 2, 
Saxifraga (or Megasea) crassifolia; 3, Acer palma- 
tum atropurpureum; 4, Euonymus japonicus lati- 
folius aureus. E. W. M. : 1, Ruellia Portellm; 2, 
Mimulus glutinosus, usually called Diplacus glutino- 
sus ; 3, Bambusa Fortunei variegata ; 4, Epiphyllum 
truncatum. F. R. S.: Oncidium coesium. Gifford : 
1, Selaginella uncinata, often but erroneously called 
Lycopodium coesium in gardens. E. B. ; 1, Cypri- 
pedium callosum; 2, Coelogyne speciosa; 3, 
Dendrobium bigibbum; 4, Cymbidium Mastersi. 
H. Tate-. 1, Pernettya mucronata ; 2, Arbutus Unedo ; 
3, Jasminum nudiflorum; 4, Crataegus Pyracantha. 
Names of Fruits. — T.S.: 1, Winter Crassane; 
2, too much decayed ; 3, not recognised. 
Reflexed Chrysanthemums.— C. H .: The varie¬ 
ties you name being all " Japanese Reflexed” are not 
admissible in a class for " Reflexed,” which is an 
entirely different section. 
Books.— Omega : We do not know that it is the 
best, but you might try Garden Management, published 
by Ward & Lock. 
Lopping Forest Trees. —Omega : The removal of 
large branches from forest trees would certainly 
reduce their vigour, in proportion to the size of the 
limbs removed. So long as the remainder of the tree 
is healthy, its constitution, however, cannot be said 
to be weakened; what is left will grow with equal 
vigour as before, but the trunk cannot increase in 
thickness at the same rate as it did before the 
branches were removed, for the simple reason, that 
there are not so many leaves left to perform the work. 
To guard against moisture getting into the wounds 
made in cutting off branches, you must smooth them 
over with some sharp cutting instrument, and then 
paint or tar them over. The roots cannot extend so 
rapidly after the removal of large branches, simply 
because the leaves which contributed to their exten¬ 
sion have been removed. Then again the act of 
cutting off branches without an equivalent amount 
of roots, disturbs the balance between the two, and 
the roots would continue their action, at least for a 
time in an attempt to produce new branches to take 
the place of those that were removed. The result on 
the whole would mean a reduction of increase over 
the whole of the tree beneath the lopped branches, 
though that would not necessarily imply ill-health 
or disease. 
Mealy-bug on Vines.— G. K .: No doubt the bug 
got to the Vines from some of the plants named, and 
where miscellaneous plants are constantly being 
introduced into vineries, it is next to impossible to 
keep the Vines clean. In careful hands the tar dress¬ 
ing you describe will do good if put on of the 
consistency of paint, after you have washed the rods 
with soft soap and water. For inexperienced hands 
Gishurst Compound, sold by all seedsmen, is a safe 
and good wash. 
Croton diseased.— Gifford \ Some of the older 
leaves of the specimen you sent us had been attacked 
by thrips, but not in sufficient numbers to do any 
material harm. The dropping of the leaves at the 
top of the stem must have been due to the attack of 
a small, white, and almost invisible mite, which often 
attacks Crotons while the young shoots and leaves 
are developing. We have been acquainted with this 
evil for some years, and have seen the effects of it in 
different places and on different plants. The most 
effective remedies which have been tried have been 
syringing with soot water, or some insecticide con¬ 
taining sulphur. Syringing with a solution of soft 
soap and flour of sulphur, or Gishurst compound, and 
afterwards with clean water in the course of half an 
hour, would kill the mite, and prevent the dropping 
of the leaves, if done as soon as the commencement 
of the mischief is perceived. 
Roses not flowering. —J. W. : There must be 
something wrong in the treatment you give your 
Roses, otherwise both of the kinds you name should 
flower freely. Her Majesty is a vigorous grower, and 
although it was raised as recently as 1886, yet it is a 
great favourite for exhibition purposes, and appears 
very frequently in the stands. Vigorous growing 
Roses should not be so hard pruned back as the weak 
growers. Another point worthy of due consideration 
is whether your Roses are grown in a properly- 
exposed position, as far as light is concerned. The 
position should be sheltered, yet the bushes must not 
be overhung or shaded by trees or other objects. 
Full exposure to the sun is conducive to the ripening 
of the wood, and consequently to free flowering. 
Bouquet d’Or is a vigorous growing climber, belong¬ 
ing to the Noisette class, and would do best on a 
south or west aspect wall ; but in any case should 
be well exposed to the sun. The soil may be poor, 
and if so, the plants might be lifted, the soil deeply 
dug or trenched, working in a good quantity of cow 
manure with it, or what is even better for Roses, pig 
manure. The shoots of Bouquet d’Or should be 
thinned out if too numerous, but in no case hard 
pruned back. 
Storing Dahlia Tubers.— A. Ridley : About 6 in. 
of the old stem should be left attached to the tubers, 
hnd this being hollow, the roots should be turned up¬ 
side down for some days to make sure that no water 
is lodging in the hollow. All the soil should be care¬ 
fully removed from the root with a blunt pointed 
stick, and the roots kept in a dry place for a week or 
so to get rid of the superfluous moisture, after which 
they may be removed to a dry and cool cellar from 
which frost is excluded. Examine them from time 
to time to remove any portions of the tubers which 
may be damping. 
Communications Received.— G. H.—A Sub¬ 
scriber.—W. T.—W. F.—H. C.—C. T.—J. L.—G. P 
—E. A. L.—F. R. S.—J. W. 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
November 2yd, 1891. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, and 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, report a slow trade in 
Clover seeds, owing to fog. Red and White Clovers 
are again dearer. Alsike and Trefoil unchanged; 
Ryegrasses steady. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
November 25 th. 
Fruit. Average Wholesale Prices 
s.d s.d. 
Apples... per }-sieve x 0 5 0 Grapes.per lb 
Canadian and Nova Pineapples. 
Scotian Apples -St. Michael’s, each 2 6 
Per b ^!l el 12 0 18 0 I Peaches .perdoz. o 0 
Cobbs... per 100 lbs, 30 0 35 o | 
Vegetables. Average Retail Prices. 
s d. s.a. 
06 26 
8 o 
o o 
s. d. 
ArtichokesGlobe doz. 3 o 
Beans, French, perlb. o 9 
Beet.per dozen 2 o 
Cabbages ... perdoz. 1 6 
Carrots ... per bunch o 6 
Cauliflowers,English, 
per doz. 3 0 
Celery.per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers .each 0 6 
Endive, French, doz. 2 6 
Herbs .per bunch 0 2 
d. 
6 0 
3 ° 
2 6 
6 0 
0 9 
3 o 
o 6 
.. d . s. d. 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Lettuces ...per dozen 1 0 
Mushrooms, p. basket 1 3 
Onions.per bunch 0 4 
Parsley ... per bunch o 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Smallsalading,punnet o 4 
Seakale ...per basket 3 0 
Spinach, per strike ... 1 6 
Tomatos. per lb. o 9 
Turnips.per bun. o 6 
6 
2 O 
o 6 
3 6 
. i a ui 111 pb.per Dun o 6 
PoTATOS.-Kent Regents, Sot to ioo ? . per ton ; Kent'Kidneys, 
80s. to loos, per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton 
Plants in Pots—Average Wholesale Prices 
s. d. s. d. 
Aralia Sieboldi ...doz. 6 0 12 o 
Bouvardias...per doz. 8 o 12 o 
Chrysanthemums,doz 6 0 12 o 
— large .per doz.12 o 24 0 
Coleus.per doz. 30 60 
Cyperus .per doz. 4 o 12 0 
Dracasna term., doz. 24 0 36 o 
Dractenaviridis.doz. 9 o 18 o 
s, d. s. d. 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 o 24 o 
Ferns, invar..per doz. 4 o 18 o 
Foliage Plants, doz. 12 o 60 0 
Heliotrope, per doz. 4060 
Marguerites, per doz. 60120 
Mignonette, per doz. 40 60 
Palms in variety,each 2 6 21 o 
scarlet.per doz. 40 60 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
S. u. 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 2 o 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 1 6 
Narciss, Paper White 
doz. sprays 1 o 
Narciss, French, 
doz. bunches 4 o 
Parme Violets, 
French, per bun. 3 6 
g a , rk ”. „ 10 
Pelargoniums, 12 sps. o 6 
— scarlet.12 bchs. 4 o 
Primula, double, bun. 0 9 
Pyrethrum, doz. bchs. 2 o 
Roses, yellow, dozen 3 o 
— Red.doz. blms. 1 o 
— Saffrano...per doz. 2 6 
— Tea.per dozen 1 0 
Stephanotis, dz. spys. 3 o 
Tuberoses, per doz. 0 4 
Violets, English 
per bunch 1 6 
s. d. s. d. 
Acacia or Mimosa 
French per bunch 1 0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms. 4 o 
Bouvardias, per bun. o 6 
Carnations, 12 blooms 1 o 
Chrysanthemums, 
doz. blooms 0 9 
Chrysanthemums, 
doz. bunches 3 o 
Eucharis ...per doz. 4 0 
Gardenias 12 blooms 2 0 
Heliotropes,12 sprays o 3 
Hyacinths, Roman, 
doz. sprays 9 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 1 o 
Lilac, French, 
per bunch 6 6 
Lilium Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 6 o 
Liliumsvar.,doz.blms. 1 6 
MaidenhairFern,i2bs.4 o 
1 6 
6 o 
1 0 
2 o 
3 0 
9 0 
8 o 
4 0 
o 6 
1 0 
3 0 
7 o 
8 o 
3 0 
9 o 
s. d. s. d. 
4 ° 
3 ° 
1 6 
8 o 
4 0 
2 o 
O I 
6 0 
1 o 
4 o 
60 
3 0 
3 o 
3 o 
6 o 
0 6 
2 0 
GONTELTTS. 
PAGE 
Apples, Imported ..192 
Arachnanthe Clarkei .200 
Brussels Sprouts.199 
Chrysanthemum, Groups 196 
Chrysanthemums, naming 191 
Chrysanthemums, Notes ...196 
Chrysanthemum Shows ...100 
Dendrobium Leeanum.193 
Egypt, Flora-of.197 
Fruit growing in Ireland ...195 
Gardeners' Calendar.200 
Floriculture .198 
Fog, effects of, on plants ...199 
Lamport Rockery, the .197 
Lion's Tail, the .....198 
„ PAGE 
Nut Harvest, the.193 
Oncidium prajtextum.200 
Orchids at Maida Vale .195 
Orchid Notes .200 
Pelargoniums in Winter ...192 
Plants, New and Rare .194 
Podocarpus chilina.199 
Ruellia macrantha. ;iq 9 
Scottish Notes..Y...19S 
Templeton House .199 
Vanda Coerulea Sanders 
var. 200 
Violet from Naples.199 
Water Lilies.193 
Winter, the .ig 2 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Auction Sales. page 
Protheroe & Morris ... 19° 
J. C. Stevens.. 19 ° 
Bulbs. 
Barr & Son .189 
H. Cannell & Sons.191 
J. Carter & Co.191 
Dicksons, Limited.191 
Jarman & Co.191 
Levenshulme Horticul¬ 
tural Co.1S9 
C. Shilling.189 
R. Smith & Co.191 
R. Sydenham .189 
J. W. Woodward...190 
Chrysanthemums. 
W. E. Boyce.189 
W. Etherington .189 
H. J. Jones.190 
Climbers. 
H. English.190 
Jackman & Son .191 
Jarman & Co.191 
R. Smith & Co.191 
Coal. 
H. A. Essery.191 
Cut Flowers. 
Saddington & Co.189 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead .190 
M. Taylor .189 
J. Smith.189 
Florists' Flowers. 
W. Dean.1S9 
Dickson's .190 
E. S. Dodwell . .190 
J. Peed & Sons.189 
Thomson & Co .191 
Fruit Trees- 
G. Bunyard & Co .190 
W. Dawson .189 
G. Jackman & Son.191 
W. Icston .189 
Jarman & Co .193 
J. Le Cornu & Son.203 
J. Laing & Sons .191 
R. B. Laird & Sons.189 
T. Rivers & Son.190 
Saltmarsh & Son.191 
C. Shilling.189 
R. Smith & Co.191 
J. Watkins.190 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
J. Arnold .189 
Boundary Chemical Co. 189 
G. Coppin & Sons.189 
Benjamin Edgington.203 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst ...189 
Osman & Co. 203 
R. Sankey & Son.203 
J. Sterry & Sons..203 
Willesden Canvas «««.^i9o 
PAGE 
Greenhouse Plants. 
H. English.202 
W. Iceton .iqi 
J. W. Silver .igg 
Heating Apparatus. 
W. Cooper . 20 2 
Jones & Attwood.i8q 
T. Roberts.203 
J. Sendall & Co.202 
Thames Bank Iron Co. ...189 
C. Toope & Son .203 
Horticultural Builders. 
J. Boyd & Sons.189 
W. Cooper.202 
J. Gray .189 
W. Richardson & Co.189 
J. Sendall & Co.202 
[. Weeks & Co..1S9 
Insecticides. 
J. Bentley.203 
Bridgford’s Antiseptic ...189 
Gishurst Compound .189 
Picrena ..203 
Manures. 
Standen’s .189 
W. Thomson & Sons.189 
Miscellaneous. 
Beecham’s P.lls .204 
J. Draper .203 
Epps' Cocoa.203 
Sishurstine .;.189 
Mrs. Graham .189 
Smyth’s Orchid Baskets 189 
Mushrooms. 
W. Cutbush & Son.191 
Orchids. 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Co.190 
P. McArthur.189 
Trustees of the late J. 
Stevenson.1S9 
Roots. 
Mr. Lane .190 
B. T. Williams & Son.191 
Roses. 
H. Cannell & Sons.193 
H. English.igo 
Jarman & Co.191 
Jackman & Son .191 
J. Laing & Sons .191 
T. J. Rivers & Son.190 
R. Smith&Co.191 
J. Walters.189 
Seeds. 
Dobbie & Co....189 
Jarman & Co .191 
R. Smith & Co .191 
Sutton & Sons.189 
