February 27, 1892. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
409 
Pandanus and Variegated Pineapple.— 
Suckers of these plants taken off now and rooted wil 
make useful decorative plants for summer work later 
on. The best variegated suckers should be selected 
in preference to the greener ores, which often revert 
to the normal green type ; besides they grow less 
vigorously and, therefore, remain longer of a useful 
size for decorative work. 
Dracaenas and Crotons. —The present is a 
suitable time for commencing the propagation of 
Dracaenas, as the lengthening days and the greater 
amount of sunshine will favour the work of root 
formation. Raising cuttings from the underground 
tubers and stems is the best means of getting up a 
large stock quickly ; but the tops of the plants taken 
off and rooted soon make specimens fit for use. The 
soft-wooded kinds are most suitable for this sort of 
treatment. D. Goldieana is very difficult to root 
unless the stem is ringed and has some moss put round 
it to encourage rooting before it is taken off. The 
tips of good sized shoots or of the strong leaders 
themselves of Crotons may be taken off at once and 
inserted singly in small pots, plunging them in bot¬ 
tom heat. 
Gardenias.— The main batch of Gardenia cut¬ 
tings may now be taken off and inserted, to follow 
the first one made about the end of last year or the 
beginning of this. The cuttings will now root much 
more freely and with more certainty than they did 
when light was bad, and they will be ready to grow 
away rapidly when the warmer spring and early 
summer weather approaches. 
Early Vinery. —During the prevalence of stormy 
weather the night temperature may with advantage 
be allowed to drop below the standard, say from 65“ 
to 60', in order to avoid making the atmosphere arid 
and ungenial for the young shoots and leaves. A 
good rise, however, may be allowed early in the day, 
more especially in bright weather, and the venti¬ 
lators should be closed early in order to utilise sun 
heat as much as possible. Damp down all paths 
and borders, keeping the evaporating pans well filled 
with diluted manure water. 
Strawberries in pots. —The change from mild 
to cold weather which occurred in the beginning of 
last week necessitated a greater amount of firing 
than previously. Greater attention will therefore 
have to be given the plants so that they do not get 
infested with red spider, owing to the aridity of the 
atmosphere. The leaves should be frequently well 
syringed with clean water, taking care that the 
under side gets thoroughly wetted. If the pots are 
plunged in a mixture of fermenting leaves and ma¬ 
nure there will not be much danger, but should they 
be on shelves the liability to attack will be greater, 
especially if near a place in the wall where a flue 
goes up the interior. The same applies to plants 
near the hot water pipes. 
Fruit Trees on Walls. — The pruning, nailing, 
and tying of all fruit trees should be completed as 
early as possible provided the weather keeps fairly 
open. The flower buds of Peach trees with a little 
warm weather will soon begin to swell up, and would 
be liable to get rubbed off if much handled after 
they have reached that stage. 
Bedding Plants. — Active progress may now be 
made in the potting off of autumn-struck cuttings of 
Pelargoniums, Verbenas, Lobelias, and such like. 
The stock of anything likely to fall short, if placed 
in heat a short time ago, will now furnish plenty of 
cuttings, which may be dibbled in thickly in a hot¬ 
bed, or in boxes covered with squares of glass and 
placed in a warm position. 
©bituaiT. 
There passed away on the 14th inst. a very worthy 
old gardener in the person of Mr. Montgomery 
Henderson, for many years gardener to the late 
Sir George Beaumont, of Coleortou Hall, Leicester¬ 
shire, and in Ins day a very noted Grape grower. Mr. 
Henderson, who had attained the age of 84 years, 
died at Ashby-de-la-Zouch, where he had for some 
years been living in retirement. Remarkable success 
attended the late Mr. Henderson’s career as a horti¬ 
culturist, and he possessed no less than twenty gold 
and silver medals won by him, nineteen of which he 
secured while in the late Sir George Beaumont’s 
service for specimens of flowers and Grapes. Two 
of the massive medals of gold are each worth £ 20. 
One was from the Royal Horticultural Society in 
185s, and the other from the Royal Botanical Society 
in 1844. His first success was obtained in 1839, and 
from then until some twenty years ago the prizes he 
won were innumerable. He was of a genial, kind- 
hearted disposition, and was esteemed by a large 
circle of friends and acquaintances. 
Questions add Answer. 
%* Correspondents are requested, in order to avoid delay, 
to address all communications to “The Editor” 
or “ The Publisher,” and not to any person bv 
name, unless the correspondence is of a private 
character. Telegrams may be addressed " Dambusa 
London.” 
English Apple and Fruit Company. —Can any 
reader of The Gardening World tell mewhathas 
been done with reference to the winding up of this 
Company since its affairs were placed in the hands 
of the liquidator ?— A Shareholder. 
Tithymale, Thorn Apple, &c. — Flos.: The Tithy- 
male is a native of Continental Europe, but has be¬ 
come naturalised in a few places in England. Being 
an escape from gardens it would occur in waste 
places not far from a garden. The Thorn Apple is 
an annual and flowers in July, earlier or later accor¬ 
ding to the time it has been sown, and whether the 
sowing has been made under glass or in the open air. 
The heat cannot go down the tubes or hollow stalks 
of Wheat unless an opening has been made or the 
tops of the stalks broken off; it would penetrate the 
stems at any point exposed to the sun. The leaves 
of the Water Hemlock (Cicuta virosa) are twice or 
thrice-pinnately divided, and the divisions would be 
more properly termed segments than folioles, because 
they are not truly pinnate or divided into leaflets as 
in a Rose or Ash. As far as we can remember the 
leaves are of a dull, dark green. The trees found in 
desert places may have thick or thin leaves or no leaves 
at all, but they must bear fruit in order to reproduce 
themselves or they would soon die out. The Wel- 
witschia mirabilis has only two thick and leathery 
leaves in the course of its lifetime. Moringa edulis 
has thin leaves, but soon drops them when the dry 
weather sets in. The Cacti found in the dry deserts 
of Mexico have no leaves at all ; but all the above 
bear fruit. We do not believe that any kind of Pine- 
tree emits flashes of light unless it be set on fire. 
Chrysanthemum frutescens. — Omega : If the 
plants are pinched back now, they should have 
plenty of time to come into bloom by May ; but it 
will depend upon the state of the plants just now, 
whether they are old or young, and what amount of 
shoots you cut off, as well as the amount of heat you 
give them during the time. If the plants are young, 
and the tips of the shoots merely are pinched out, 
then they will the sooner come into bloom. If much 
cut back into old and ripened wood, then you will 
have to subject them to a greater amount of heat in 
order to urge them forward. 
Names of Plants. —IF. J.\ 1, Zygopetalum 
crinitum ; 2, not recognised, next week perhaps. 
F. Hart: 1, Helleborus colchicus ; 2, Plelleborus 
niger ruber; 3, Galanthus nivalis latifolius; 4, 
Arabis procurrens. A. L. M. : r, Adiantum 
diaphanum ; 2, Pteris quadriaurita argyreia; 3, 
Eriostemon buxifolius; 4, Sprekelia formosissima; 
5, Begonia semperflorens; 6, Eupatorium Wein- 
mannianum. 
Orchids from Westmount. —Erratum : In the 
paragraph at p. 392, second line from the top, for 
“ Oncidium Rossii ” read “ Odontoglossum Rossii.” 
Pitch of Roof of Greenhouse. — Omega : Water 
would run off a roof at a very low angle, say an 
angle of 5 0 or io° ; but there are several reasons 
why a roof should not be of that pitch. In the first 
place should the rain be blown by wind against the 
glass, much of the water would run into the interior 
through the laps ; and secondly snow would ac¬ 
cumulate during heavy storms and would require to 
be frequently cleared off to prevent its breaking the 
glass, causing a drip while melting. An angle of 30° 
or 40" would therefore be more advisable than keep¬ 
ing it lower for the reasons just stated. For plant 
growing, a roof at an angle of 30° should be lower 
and nearer the plants than where the angle is 40° ; 
but in no case should it be higher than is necessary 
for the height of the plants to be grown. 
Tulips overdrawn. — J. B. : You have kept them 
too long in the Coco-nut fibre before uncovering them, 
and the mild weather together with the shelter of 
the frame has caused an early growth, which might 
have been checked by the timely removal of the Coco¬ 
nut fibre. If you did not wish to introduce them to 
warmer quarters, with the view of forcing them on 
early, you could have taken out the pots, and after 
removing the Coco-nut fibre, replaced the pots again 
on a bottom of ashes, giving plenty of ventilation, or 
removing the sashes altogether in mild weather. 
This can be done now. but should bright sunshine 
occur before the leaves assume-‘their normal green 
colour, a light shading may be given during the 
middle of the day. After the leaves are perfectly 
green, give them all the exposure possible, and 
abundance of ventilation, which may partly, but not 
wholly, remedy the mischief already done. 
Onions for Exhibition. — H. Warder: You should 
make a sowing at once, in a box or boxes according to 
the quantity you require, and place them on a hot 
bed of fermenting* manure covered with a frame, 
unless you have the convenience of a stove or 
propagating pit. In the latter case, take good care 
to place the boxes containing the seedlings as close 
to the glass as possible whenever they appear above 
ground so as to prevent drawing. They may be kept 
in heat for a time to encourage growth, but as soon as 
they present the appearance of getting drawn, have 
the boxes placed in a cooler house or cold frame 
where they can be given ventilation. With the aid 
of glass, but without any other heat than that 
derived from the sun, the seedlings may be hastened 
considerably, and in fact they will be much ahead of 
those sown even now in the open ground. As the 
weather gets warmer they should be gradually 
hardened off by giving them more air, and by finally 
placing them in the open air in a sheltered place, 
before planting them out in well-prepared ground 
intended for them. 
Communications Received.—H. K. W.—C. P.~ 
H. M.—D. W. (many thanks—a palpable error). — 
M. C.—A. D.—H. W.—H. N. P 
-- 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
W. & J. Birkenhead, Sale, Manchester.—Ferns 
and Selaginellas. 
Eric F. Such, Maidenhead, Berks.— Vegetable 
and Flower Seeds, Plants, &c. 
Bernard Quaritch, 15, Piccadilly, W.—Books 
on Natural History. 
-—- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
February 23 rd, 1892. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch,- and 
39, Seed Market, Mark Lane, report a shorter 
supply of English Red Clover and Cowgrass, the 
finer grades of which readily sell at an advance. 
Trefoil dull. Foreign Red Clover, White, and 
Alsike steady. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET, 
February 24 th. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices 
s. d s. d. 
Apples... per £-sieve i o 50 
Canadian and Nova 
Scotian Apples 
per barrel 12 0 25 o 
s. d. s.di 
Grapes.per lb. 19 30 
Pine apples. 
—St. Michael’s, each 26 60 
Cobbs... per 100 lbs. 40 0 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
S. d. Si di 
ArticliokesGlobedoz. 30 60 
Asparagus, Eng.bun. 10 
Beans, French, perlb. 
Beet.per dozen 
Cabbages ... per doz. 
Carrots ... per bunch 
Cauliflowers, Eng.dz. 
Celery.per bundle 
Cucumbers .each 
Endive. French, doz. 
Herbs .per bunch 
1 6 
o 6 
3 o 
13 0 
1 6 
3 o 
2 6 
6 o 
1 6 
3 o 
o 6 
s. d 
4 o 
2 o 
o 
6 
Horse Radish, bundle 2 o 
Lettuces ...per dozen 1 6 
Mushrooms, p. basket 1 3 
Onions.per bunch o 4 
Parsley ... per bunch o 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Smallsalading,punnet o 4 
Seakale ...per basket 20 3 0 
Spinach, per strike ... 1 6 
Tomatos. perlb. 06 10 
Turnips.per bun. o 6 
Potatds. —Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton, 
Plants in Pots.—Aver 
s. d. s. d.. 
Azalea .per doz. 30 o 42 o 
—Mollis.per doz. 24 o 36 o 
Cyperus .per doz. 40120 
Cineraria ...per doz. 8 o 12 o 
Daffodils ...per doz. 9 o 15 o 
Dracaena term., doz. 24 o 36 o 
Dracaena viridis,doz. 9 o 18 o 
Epiphvllum per doz. 9 o 12 o 
Erica Hymalis, per 12 o 18 o 
— gracilis, per doz. 9 0 12 o 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 o 24 o 
Ferns, invar..per doz. 4 0 iS 0 
Cut Flowers.—Averai 
s. d. s. d. 
Acacia or Mimosa 
French per bunch 1620 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms. 30 60 
Bouvardias, per bun. 06 10 
Carnations, 12 blooms 20 30 
Chrysanthemums, 
doz. bunches 40 60 
Daffodils, double, 
doz. bunches 40 60 
—Single, doz. bchs 60 90 
Eucharis ...per doz. 30 60 
Gardenias 12 bloQms 40 90 
Hellebore or Christmas 
Roses, doz. blooms 06 10 
Heliotropes,12 sprays 06 10 
Hyacinths, Roman, 
doz.sprays 06 09 
Lilac, French, 
per bunch 50 6 6 
Lilium Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 6 o 10 0 
Liliumsvar.,doz.blms. 16 30 
Lily of the Valley, 
doz. bunches 6 o 12 o 
lGE Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d, 
Foliage Plants, doz. 12 o 60 o 
Genesta.per doz. 10 o 12 o 
Hyacinths,...per doz. 60 90 
Lily of the Valley, 
doz. pots 12 o 18 o 
Marguerites, per doz. 9 o 12 o 
Palms in variety,each 2 6 21 o 
Primula Sinensis per 
doz. 40 60 
—scarlet.per doz. 40 60 
Solanums...per doz. 9 o 12 o 
Tulips.per doz. 80 90 
ie Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d. 
MaidenhairFern,i2bs. 6 o 12 o 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 20 40 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 16 30 
Narciss, Paper White 
doz. sprays 09 10 
Narciss, French, 
doz. bunches 30 60 
Pelargoniums, 12 sps. 10 16 
— scarlet.12 bchs. 60 90 
Poinsettia. doz. blms. 40 90 
Primula, double, bun. 09 10 
Primula single, doz. 
sprays 04 06 
Roses, yellow, dozen 3060 
— Red.doz. blms. 60 80 
— Saffrano...per doz. 20 30 
— Tea.per dozen 10 30 
Tuberoses, per doz. 10 20 
Violets, Parme, Frnch 
per bunch 26 30 
— Czar, French bch. 16 20 
— Dark, French, 
doz. bunches 16 20 
— English,doz. bchs. 10 16 
OONTBUTS. 
PAGE ' PAGE 
Azalea mollis . 4°3 ' Lady Gardeners.401 
Carnation and Picotee Masdevallia macrura.40S 
Society .404 Obituary .409 
Carnation, seedling .406 Odontoglossum crispum 
Cattleya Triante magnifica 408 nob lius . 4°4 
County Council Horticul- ! Orcbid Notes. 408 
t ure .401 Odontoglossum ioplocon 418 
Cypripedium Hera.40 s . Pansy, fertilisation of the 404 
Daffodils for early work ...404 Poisonous garden 1mxture5.p1 
Dendrobium Cassiope.408 Potato, Beet, and Turnip... 407 
Dendrobium Foelschii . 4 °H Potato Disease, Prevention 403 
Floriculture .404 Roraima, plant hunting on 405 
Galanthus Alleni.4°/ ’ Science gleanings.406 
Gardeners’ Calendar.40S Seed orders^... 4 °° 
Gladiolustristissulpbureus4o6 j Ten Years Sunshine.402 
Hop-tree, the.4°b ! Vanda Lowii ..40S 
International Fruit Show...402 | Weather in the North .402 
