506 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
April 9, 1892. 
WHAT TO DO IN THE GARDEN. 
Winter Flowering Plants. —A number of these 
may now be propagated so as to get them well 
advanced and the wood well ripened before the ad¬ 
vent of the dull days of next autumn and winter. 
Some of those that may now receive attention are 
Centropogon Lucyanus, Plumbago rosea, Thyrsa- 
canthus rutilans, Euphorbia fulgens (jacquiniaeflora), 
Hebeclinium ianthinum, Eupatorium odoratum, and 
various species of Salvia. Bouvardias should be 
pinched to make them bushy and the young plants 
potted on as the pots get filled with roots. 
Fire Heat.— Damp down the fires early in the 
day when there is a promise of bright sunshine so as 
to take advantage of the latter and economise fuel. 
Fire heat also serves to dry up the atmospheric 
moisture and to encourage insect pests. The syringe 
should be kept going to keep the latter in check, and 
make a more congenial atmosphere for the plants. 
Show and Fancy Pelargoniums. —Keep the 
plants as near the glass as possible, to prevent the 
shoots getting drawn, and tie out the latter neatly to 
stakes as they grow to prevent overcrowding. A 
watchful eye should be kept on the first appearance 
of green-fly upon the buds and which would speedily 
injure the plants. A little tobacco powder would 
destroy the pest in its early stages, but if present in 
large numbers, fumigation on a still night must be 
resorted to. 
Camellias. —Plants in pots and which have done 
flowering should be put into a warm house to start 
them into vigorous growth. A newly started 
vinery or Peach house would answer the purpose 
admirably. The shade afforded by the Vines or 
Peaches will be amply sufficient ; but syringing may 
be given to advantage at the same time as it is given 
to the other occupants of the house. 
Vineries. —As the grapes in the earliest house 
commence to colour, the atmosphere should be kept 
drier, but the roots on the contrary' should not be 
allowed to suffer. A good watering at this time 
with tepid water would carry them through the 
ripening period without any more, provided they 
are planted out in a border. A night temperature 
of 65° to 70° will be quite sufficient. Pot vines will, 
however, require a plentiful supply of water at the 
roots. The vines in late houses will now require 
disbudding, leaving the strongest shoots and the 
best placed. Those left should be stopped at the 
second, third or fourth leaf beyond the bunch, 
according to the amount of space at command for 
exposing the foliage to light when fully developed. 
Hardy Fernery. —Before the young fronds get 
too far advanced, the hardy fernery should receive a 
regular overhauling. All the withered fronds which 
were left to protect the plants, should now be cleared 
away. The fronds of evergreen kinds still in a 
healthy condition ought to be left at least till the 
young ones are pretty well developed. Those in a 
partly withered condition may be removed for the 
sake of appearance ; but it cannot be too well known 
that to remove fronds in a green state, means the 
deprivation of so much energy that would be thrown 
into those about to be developed. A top-dressing of 
loam, leaf soil, and peat in mixture, should be 
applied after the ground has been thoroughly 
cleaned. 
Asparagus. —If not previously done, the soil 
intended to be planted with Asparagus should be 
trenched at once. A better plan would have been 
to do this in the autumn or winter, so as to allow 
the soil to settle before being planted. The latter 
operation may be performed when the young shoots 
are appearing through the soil. In taking out a 
trench or furrow for the plants, let it be wide enough 
to receive the roots when spread out horizontally. 
Cover immediately to prevent the roots getting dried 
up by exposure to the atmosphere, and after cover¬ 
ing them with soil, tread it firm and give a watering 
to settle it. 
Vegetable Seeds —If not already done lose no 
time in making a sowing of Cabbages, also Savoys 
and Brussels Sprouts for early use. Dwarf and tall 
Curled Greens and Cottager's Kale should also be 
sown, as they attain greater size and give a gieater 
amount of produce than when the sowing is made 
later. A sowing of Beet may be made about the 
middle of the month, and another towards the end 
of the month for a succession, and to avoid getting 
them too large. A sowing of Ne Plus Ultra Cana¬ 
dian Wonder and Syon House Dwarf Beans may be 
made in a warm border. 
Questions add Answer. 
%* Correspondents are requested, in order to avoid delay, 
to address all communications to “ The Editor ” 
or “ The Publisher," and not to any person by 
name, unless the correspondence is of a private 
character. Telegrams may be addressed “ Bambusa 
London 
Names of Plants. — J. R. B. : 1, Cypripedium 
barbatum, a good variety ; 2, Cypripedium barbatum, 
a bad variety ; 3, Pteris cretica Mayi; 4, Semper- 
vivum arboreum apparently from the specimen sent; 
5, Echeveria secunda glauca; 6, Sempervivum mon- 
tanum. 
Popular Names, &c.— Flos : Being a native of 
Britain Helleborus viridis is interesting, but it can¬ 
not be said to be very ornamental, nor of great utility; 
it is a very poisonous plant for cattle. The 
Hellebores are known as Christmas Roses or Lenten 
Roses, according to the species ; Veratrum is the 
P'alse Hellebore ; Atropa is the Belladonna ; and 
Hyoscyamus is Henbane. Most of the species of 
Helleborus are ornamental. The powdered root of 
Veratrum is used to destroy caterpillars. Belladonna 
is poisonous also, but is used in medicine; so also 
is Hyoscyamus, which has yellow, funnel-shaped 
flowers, lined with purple veins. Rhododendrons, 
Arum Dracunculus, and Foxgloves are all frequently 
grown in gardens, especially the first and last named. 
Poa annua is the annual Meadow Grass; Stellaria 
media is the common Chickweed ; both are only too 
common in gardens and everywhere in cultivated 
ground. Pliny’s Natural History would not be of 
much service to you in botanical studies; like all 
other old books it is chiefly useful to the student of 
early history. The French writer you mention 
evidently referred to the stems and flowers of the 
Saxifrage as being waved about by the wind. 
Myosotis dissitiflora. — A L., F. : This Forget- 
me-not may be propagated by division of the old 
plants after they have done flowering. Seeds may 
also be sown, but they are not so freely produced as 
in the case of several other species grown in gardens. 
In moist ground young shoots are very freely pro¬ 
duced, and root in the ground so that those may be 
utilised in making fresh beds or patches. Established 
plants are most readily obtained in this way, and will 
answer your purpose quite well without going to any 
further trouble in the matter. 
Violas in Bloom. — J.Smythe: They are some¬ 
times placed in cold frames to root, but that is alto¬ 
gether unnecessary in rural districts at least. You 
can do it easily for yourself by making up a bed of 
soil, or merely improving the natural soil by some 
well-decayed leaves and sand, in some sheltered place, 
or in a narrow border in front of a wall. This may 
be done some time in September. Young shootsroot 
best, and if suckers are pulled up from the base of the 
old plant they will prove much more satisfactory than 
branches taken from the upper portions of the stem. 
After making the prepared soil firm, dibble in the cut¬ 
tings about 3 in. apart, making the soil quite firm about 
them. Shade for a few days if the weather be bright, 
after which they will take care of themselves. In a 
sunny position they start into growth early, and pro¬ 
duce much finer blooms than would old plants 
broken up. 
Driving Bees. —McCallum : You may change the 
hives at once, and it is best done during the middle 
of a fine day when the bees are active. It is a 
tedious and difficult operation if the bees are stupid 
or half dormant with cold. Before commencing 
have an empty hive to place on the stand to amuse 
the bees that come home during the operation. Then 
send a few puffs of smoke into the hive and at the 
same time give it two or three smart taps to alarm 
the bees and cause them to gorge themselves with 
honey, after which you may proceed. Should the 
weather afterwards be unfavourable for collecting 
honey you will have to feed the bees occasionally. 
The secretary of the Royal Caledonian Horticultural 
Society is Mr. William Young, Waverley Market, 
Edinburgh. There is no standard size for grape 
stands. In an ordinary way a stand 16 in. long and 
10 in. high at the back will be large enough for two 
bunches. 
Turnips for Exhibition. — IV. B To obtain 
Turnips of a suitable size for exhibition in August 
make a sowing about the beginning of June, and to 
make sure of hitting the exact date, sow another lot 
about a fortnight afterwards. So much depends on 
the nature of the season that one cannot be sure 
that a sowing of a certain date will give what is 
required. The amount of rain and sunshine varies 
in different seasons so that one often finds it expedi¬ 
ent to make a sowing at two different times. Snow¬ 
ball and Golden Ball are the most suitable kinds for 
the purpose, and you may choose either according 
to the taste or fashion w'hich prevails for the one or 
the other in your locality. 
India Rubber Plant in Window. — Jas. Curie ; 
Spring is the best time to transfer your plant into a 
larger pot, as it will then get established and fill the 
fresh soil with roots during the course of summer, 
and thus be better able to stand through the winter 
with you. Good loam with a little peat and sand to 
keep it porous will prove a suitable compost. Press 
it rather firmly round the sides of the pot. The 
latter need not be much larger than the one it is in, 
because it will keep all the better with j r ou during 
winter, and but a small body of soil is necessary to 
keep it growing for some years. Do not over¬ 
water after potting until the plant commences to 
grow. 
Communications Received.— H E. M.—T. M.— 
G. F.—A. S. G.—Scipio.—D. D—G. O. F.—R. W.— 
W. M. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
John Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, London, S.E. 
—Special List of new and rare Clivias. 
Charles Turner, Slough.—Spring Catalogue of 
Plants. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
April 6 ill. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices 
s. d 5. d. | s. d. 
Apples... per £-sieve i o 5 0 | 
Canadian and Nova 
Scotian Apples 
Strawberries per lb. 2 o 
Grapes.per lb. 2 0 
Pine apples, 
per barrel 12 o 25 o j —St. Michael’s, each 2 6 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s.a. 
4 o 
4 o 
s. d. s. d. 
ArtichokesGlobedoz. 30 60 
Asparagus, Eng.bun. 10 o 13 o 
Beans, French, perlb. 20 36 
Beet.per dozen 20 30 
Cabbages ... per doz. 16 26 
Carrots ... per bunch o 6 
Cauliflowers, Eng.dz. 30 60 
Celery.per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers .each 06 10 
Endive. French, doz. 26 30 
Herbs .per bunch 02 06 
x. d. 5. d 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Lettuces ...per dozen 16 20 
Mushrooms, p. basket 13 20 
Onions.per bunch 04 06 
Parsley ... per bunch o 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Smallsalading,punnet o 4 
Seakale ...per basket 20 30 
Spinach, per strike ... 16 
Tomatos. per lb. 1 o 20 
Turnips.per bun. o 6 
Potatjs. —Kent Regents, 80s. to ioo<. per ton; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d. 
Acacia var..perdoz. 12 o 18 o 
Azalea .per doz. 18 o 42 o 
-Mollis.per doz. 24 o 36 o 
Cyperus .per doz. 4 o 12 o 
Cineraria ...per doz. 0 o 10 o 
Daffodils ...per doz. 9 o 12 o 
Deutzia...per doz ... 6 o 90 
Dracasna term., doz. 24 o 36 o 
Dracaena viridis,doz. 9 0 18 o 
Erica Willmoriana 
per doz...12 o 18 o 
— various, per doz. 9 0 24 o 
Evergreens,in var.doz 6 o 24 o i Tulips.per doz. 6 0 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 o 18 o 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d. 
12 o 60 o 
10 o 
9 o 
Foliage Plants, doz. 
Genista.per doz. 8 o 
Hyacinths,...per doz. 6 o 
Lily of the Valley, 
doz. pots 12 o 
Marguerites, per doz. 9 o 
Palms in variety,each 2 6 
Palms, Specimen ... 15 o 63 o 
Primula Sinensis per 
doz. 4 
—scarlet.per doz. 4 
Spiraeas.per doz. 8 
18 o 
12 o 
10 6 
6 o 
6 o 
12 o 
9 0 
s. d. 
Acacia or Mimosa 
French per bunch 1620 
Anemone various, 
French, doz. bun. 20 40 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms. 20 40 
Bouvardias, per bun. 06 10 
Carnations. 12blooms 20 30 
Daffodils, double, 
doz. bunches 20 40 
—Single, doz. bchs. 26 60 
Eucharis ...per doz. 30 60 
Freezia.doz. bun. 20 40 
Gardenias 12 blooms 30 60 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 06 10 
Hyacinths, 12 sprays 30 40 
Jonquils, doz. bnches 10 20 
Lilac, French, 
per bunch 46 60 
Lilium Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 40 60 
Liliumsvar.,doz blms. 16 30 
Lily of the Valley, 
doz. bunches 6 o 10 o 
MaidenhairFem,i2bs. 6 0 10 o 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 20 4 c 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 16 3 c 
s. d. s. d. 
Narciss, var., Scilly, 
doz. bunches. 2 o 
Narciss, French, 
paper white, doz. bs 3 o 
Pelargoniums, 12 sps. 1 o 
— scarlet.12 bchs. 4 o 
Primroses, doz. bchs. o 6 
Primula, double, bun. 09 10 
Primula single, doz. 
sprays 04 06 
Oi chid Bloom in var. 
per bloom, from 
Roses, yellow, dozen 
— Red.doz. blms. 2 
— Saffrano...per doz. 2 
— Tea.per dozen 1 
Spiraeas...doz. bnchs 6 
Snowdrops, doz. bn. 
Tuberoses, per doz 1 
Violets, Parme, Frnch 
per bunch 20 30 
— Czar, French bch. 16 20 
— Dark, French, 
doz. bunches 16 20 
—English, doz. bchs. 10 16 
! Wallflowers, French, 
doz. bunches 16 30 
o 3 
2 o 
6 
o 
o 
o 
o 
0 
4 0 
4 o 
1 6 
6 o 
1 o 
6 o 
6 o 
3 o 
3 o 
S o 
2 o 
2 o 
OOHSTTZETsTTS. 
Page page 
Abies cephalonica .504 ] Gardeners' Calendar.506 
Aglaonema commutatum ...504 1 Hepatica, the.501 
Amaryllis at Chelsea .. .499 Herbaceous border, the ...502 
Amaryllis at Holloway .500, Lrelia-Cattleya Pallas.505 
Angraecum fastuosum.505 I Lycaste gigantea..505 
Azalea Mollis .504 Xlezereon, common.504 
Broad Bean, the .503 National Auricula Show ...497 
Caladiums .503 “ Nonsuch ” Lawn \Yeeder504 
Carnations, Green .501 Orchid Growers'Calendar 505 
Carnation Notes .504 Pansies and Violas .409 
Chinese Yam, the.501 Palmonaria Saccharata_504 
Coco-nut, double .504 Root Hairs.499 
Daffodils and Narcissi .500 Sobralia violacea.505 
Dendiobium Amethysto- Stauropsis Warocqueana. .505 
glossum .505 Tillandsia anceps.504 
Erica camea.504 Trees, ornamental .497 
Fern poaching .504 1 Undulations in Landscapes497 
Floriculture .499 Weather and the Crops ...502 
Neuralgia, 
Backache, Bruises, 
Sprains, 
Rheumatism, 
Gout, Sciatica, and all 
Bodily Aches and Pains 
cured by 
ST. JACOBS OIL. 
Price of ST. JACOBS OIL, 1/1$ * 2/6. 
