June II, 1892. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
641 
stripped many trees and shrubs of their foliage. 
When the water barrows had become full they were 
run down to the sea and their contents emptied into 
it. 
The female is about this time laying her eggs in the 
earth, and in a fortnight they are hatched, and out 
come a swarm of about eighty or ninety tiny worms, 
and begin the great business of eating. In the course 
of a year the larvae are half-an-inch long. They 
continue to exist in this form feeding on the tender 
roots of plants until they are three and a half years 
old, and then they take the pupal form and descend 
into the earth, remaining until winter is past, and 
the perfect beetles emerge in spring. It is needless 
to say that when they are numerous they do a great 
deal of harm. I have heard of an excellent method 
adopted by a Hampshire nurseryman, and which 
proves a very effectual one. He hangs nesting boxes 
about his nursery for the benefit of the starlings, who 
soon take to the nests. As soon as the mature cock¬ 
chafer appears above ground the starlings are ready 
to receive him, and the result is comparative freedom 
from the insects. Robins and other small birds which 
prey upon the cockchafers should also be encouraged. 
Going back to the grub state, I 
may say that when fully matured 
it is a formidable fellow. Large, 
tough, forming the segment of a 
circle, black head and shoulders 
and a white body. I have known 
it very destructive to plantations 
of Hawthorn and other plants. 
We used to call them rook 
worms" because when the 
labourers in the nursery were 
digging a piece of ground they 
would throw the grubs on to the 
surface, where they were eagerly 
devoured by the rooks, *-ho would 
come from distances, and settling 
upon the soil near the men at 
work, they appeared to treat them 
as delicious morsels. Ducks also 
appeared to relish these fat grubs. 
— R. D. 
remainder of the year, is- no longer valid. The 
cultivation of dwarf brier stocks of the Tea-scented 
Roses have altered all that, and in a favourable 
season we may have out of doors Roses from June 
until November. 
Decorative Roses. 
What are the vital qualities of a real decorative 
Rose ? They are six in number : vigour of growth, 
freedom of bloom, flowering in autumn, an erect 
habit of growth, purity and brightness of colour, 
and a hardy constitution. In selecting the varieties 
possessed of the above qualities, the tea-scented 
types rank high, indeed bold groups of selected Tea 
Roses are in autumn as in early summer so striking 
and effective that other sections might be dispensed 
with. 
Some of the leading varieties of Tea roses best 
adapted for garden decoration are Marie Van 
Houtte, lemon and peach ; Hon. Edith Gifford, 
pure white, bluish centre, late in the season ; Anna 
Oliver, shaded yellowish rose, deeper base; Jean 
Ducher, shaded tawny yellow ; Madame Lambard, 
rose colour, variable early in the season ; Perle des 
Jardins, full rich yellow; Souvenir de Gabrielle 
ROSES FOR 
DECORATION. 
It has been well said that the 
planting and cultivation of Roses 
with a view to the production of 
effective floral pictures in the 
garden, instead of being relegated 
to some obscure spot, and treated 
as mere cut flower - producing 
machines, is still in its infancy. 
It is true much is w’ritten about 
Roses, but the main idea of most 
of the writers is, that a garden of 
Roses should be formed merely to 
produce flowers for exhibition pur¬ 
poses ; and any other idea as to 
the purpose of such a garden 
appears to be too low for the lofty 
views of the modern rosarian. 
Decorative Rose gardening—the employment of 
Roses for the embellishment of the garden—was, I 
think, better understood by the gardeners of a 
generation or two ago. 
I was last summer in an old-fashioned garden, 
the laying out of which probably dated back three- 
quarters of a century at least, and in it I saw an 
excellent illustration of how Roses could be planted 
to secure striking decorative effects. A long walk 
running between two parallel bands of turf, broad 
enough to admit of beds being cut in them, was 
arched over its entire length with old-fashioned 
decorative Roses, while a modern planter had 
mingled with them some of the fine summer-bloom¬ 
ing Clematis now so largely grown. In the side beds 
were planted newer Roses of the perpetual type, and 
so in June and July the early summer - flowering 
varieties were in full bloom to be followed by 
Clematis, and the later-blooming summer and 
autumnal Roses. 
Why it should be thought necessary to have a 
Rose garden instead of a garden of Roses, is not 
clear, unless in the case of the people who only grow 
Roses for the purpose of obtaining cut blooms for 
exhibition. The old objection that Roses were gay 
for ten days in the summer and a desolation for the 
Drevet, shaded yellow and flesh tinted rose; 
Souvenir de Therese Levet, deep brownish crimson ; 
and Caroline Kuster, pale yellow. The last-named 
has a good deal of the Noisette character, producing 
large cloisters of flowers, it requires to be pruned 
moderately hard, as then the growth is stout and 
strong Souvenir de Gabrielle Drevet, though not 
new, is a most free-flowering and charming tea, the 
blooms carried quite erect, the plant hardy and free, 
and a thorough autumnal. Souvenir de Therese 
Levet has bright crimson flowers, inclining to brown 
rather than purple, and decidedly good. 
To the white flowered Hon. Edith Gifford, which 
is the best of all the white Teas, may be added 
Innocenta Pirola, though if it had a closer and more 
short-jointed growth it would be better ; the petals 
of the flowers, too, are apt to stick together in wet 
weather. Another good vigorous growing variety is 
Francisca Kruger. It is true its habit of flowering 
is somewhat pendulous, but it is yet vigorous in 
growth and free-blooming, both early and late, the 
flowers well formed and of a very pretty coppery- 
yellow colour. Madame Chedane Guinoisseau, of a 
lovely clear pure yellow, is rather semi-double, but 
it is decidedly free, and the colour does not fade so 
readily as in others. Madame Perny produces great 
clusters of tawny yellow buds, but the mature flowers 
are almost white, and in all stages most attractive. 
One great advantage possessed by the Tea-scented 
Roses is their greater ability to resist the attacks of 
Mildew and Red Rust, the latter pest being rarely 
found upon them, and the full meaning and advan¬ 
tage of this all who have ever seen their Rose trees 
leafless, even as early as the middle of August in the 
south, through the ravages of these troublesome 
fungi, will readily appreciate 
Climbing Roses. 
If climbing Roses are required for decorative 
purposes and for a continuous display, then the 
near relatives to the Tea-scented, the Noisettes, 
and the varieties of the Gloire de Dijon family 
should be employed ; they flower freely in autumn, 
and are but little subject to mildew. The best 
Noisettes for this purpose are the well-known 
Marechal Niel, and William Allen Richardson, the 
coppery-yellow Rose so much esteemed for button¬ 
holes, and to these may be added Lamarque, the 
best and the most beautiful of all the autumnal 
white climbing Roses, Ophirie, Aimee Vibert, whose 
large trusses of white flowers are useful from the 
lateness of their production ; 
Fellenberg, brilliant crimson, and 
Reve d'Or, also a lovely and free 
autumnal Rose. 
Then there is a group known as 
the Bourbon Teas ; the best are 
Bouquet d’Or, which is superior 
to Gloire de Dijon in the beauty 
of its form, the pale yellow Emilie 
Dupuy, and Madame Berard. It 
these Roses named are not wanted 
as climbers, they are exceedingly 
decorative when grown as great 
bushes, not tied up to a post, but 
allowed to grow their own way, 
with a few stakes or supports to 
the long arching shoots. 
Of the hybrid perpetuals, some 
of the most constantly decorative, 
and least subject to mildew, are 
Ulrich Brunner, which produces 
early and late handsome, rich, 
carmine flowers; La France, A. 
K. Williams, probably the finest 
of all crimson roses in autumn ; 
Boule de Niege, Grace Darling 
(really ahybrid Tea); Anna Alexiff, 
an old but very free variety ; Anna 
des Diesbach, Julie Touvais, 
Dupuy Jamain, General Jacque¬ 
minot, Jules Margottin, Marquis de 
Castellane, Merveille de Lyon, &-c. 
In the foregoing lists will be 
found some varieties which can be 
included among the show Roses, 
but they are none the less valu¬ 
able because they can be so 
effectively employed for decorative 
purposes. I have by no means 
exhausted the list of varieties 
suited for the latter purpose. I 
am content to name a few only, as 
the subject is too large to be exhausted in one paper. 
— R. D. 
CYPRIPEDIUM CHAMBERLAINIANUM. 
We are now in a position to give an illustration of 
this new and very distinct type of Cypripedium. 
The leaves are ligulate, channelled above, keeled be¬ 
neath, and similar in fact to those of C. Sander- 
ianum the flowers of which are so distinct as every 
one knows. The upper sepal of the species under 
notice is green in the type, but there is a variety 
named C. excellens in which the ground colour is 
yellow, and other fine things may turn up when the 
plants of the importation generally come into bloom. 
The large brown blotch with four radiating lines on 
each side of the midrib seems to be pretty constant 
in form but varying in colour. The petals are le- 
markably twisted considering how moderate they are. 
in length, and the arrangement of colours is not 
their least striking feature. The large inflated lip is 
densely spotted with crimson-purple on a rose 
o-round, and the margin of the pouch is sometimes 
decidedly yellow. So far the plants have given 
evidence of vigorous growth, so that when they have 
been well established and some years have elapsed 
we may expect to see some fine samples of cultiva¬ 
tion as in the case of older kinds. In a batch of 
plants the leaves in many instances are distinctly 
tessellated with dark green on a paler ground. 
