August 27, 1892. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
825 
veins. The lip is the most fascinating part of the 
whole flower ; the tube externally is light rosy pur¬ 
ple, and there is a very large golden-yellow blotch 
in the throat, while the rounded lamina is netted 
with pink on a white ground, and darker at the edges 
as well as the side lobes, Picotee fashion. The edges 
are much undulated or wavy and crisped. The in¬ 
terior of the tube at the base is purple marked with 
paler lines ; and the trigonous column is pink. A 
First-class Certificate was deservedly awarded it. ^ 
Cypripedium Astraea. 
The upper sepal of this hybrid is green at the base 
and white upward. The arching petals are strongly 
undulated on both edges, spotted with brown on a 
pale green ground and wholly brown upwards. The 
lip is suffused with brown on a green ground. The 
parents were C. Spicerianum and C. laevigatum, the 
latter more correctly termed C. philippinense. It is 
a bold looking flower even if not particularly showy. 
There were two flowers on the peduncle of a plant 
we noted in the nursery of Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, 
Chelsea. 
Cypripedium Enfieldense. 
The leaves of this Cypripedium are broad, deep green 
and slightly tessellated with grey, as are those of its 
parents to a greater or less extent. The latter were 
C. Hookerae and C. barbatum, the foliage of the 
former as is well known being very pretty. The 
flowers are solitary as might be expected. The 
roundish upper sepal is green with deeper coloured 
veins and rosy at the margin. The petals are 
greenish at the base, rosy pqrple upwards and at the 
margins. It was noted in the nursery of Messrs. J. 
Veitch & Sons, Chelsea. The great recommendation 
of these hybrids is that they keep up a succession of 
bloom all the year round, while the variety is endless. 
WHAT TO DO IN THE GARDEN, 
The Stove.— Shading may gradually be dis¬ 
pensed with in this structure so as to give the young 
growths a chance of ripening their tissues. The 
night temperature should still be kept up to 70°, with 
a small chink of top ventilation to allow the excess 
of moisture to escape. This is necessary for the safe 
preservation of the foliage of some of the kinds that 
are easily injured by an excess of moisture. Climbers 
on the roof that have made much growth should be 
partly thinned out to admit the light more freely. 
Winter-flowering Plants —Everything depends 
upon good culture now whether the display in winter 
will be good or bad. It therefore behoves the culti¬ 
vator to see that all potting is done in good time be¬ 
fore the plants get root-bound and stunted. Crowd¬ 
ing should not be permitted, as a free play of light 
about the foliage is all important; room must be 
made for them where the plants require more space 
without being crowded upon one another. In the 
case of those that have received their last shift, and 
the pots are filled with roots, weak liquid manure 
will prove of great advantage. 
Caladiums. —As the foliage of plants that were 
started early gets shabby or unfit for decorative pur¬ 
poses, do not take the plants to a cold house or pit 
nor stand them in the open air, otherwise the tubers 
will suffer great injury or become entirely rot¬ 
ten. Keep them in a warm house, gradually with¬ 
hold moisture, and when the foliage has mostly died 
down, the pots may be laid on their sides underneath 
the stages in a stove or pit. 
Chrysanthemums. —Staking, tying, watering, 
and disbudding are the principal operations at pre¬ 
sent. Liquid manure should also be given wherever 
the pots are well filled with roots. The earlier varie¬ 
ties will require disbudding, an operation which must 
be attended to from the first. 
Vines —It would be a mistake to hasten the ripen¬ 
ing of the earliest vines by withholding water if there 
is yet plenty of green and healthy foliage. It is a 
better plan to keep the soil in which their roots are 
placed in a tolerably moist condition, and to hasten 
ripening by giving artificial heat and keeping the 
ventilators open night and day. If the foliage is in 
any way infested with red spider the garden engine 
should be occasionally brought into play to give the 
foliage a washing. All fallen leaves should be swept 
up and taken away immediately. Syringing may be 
discontinued in the recently planted vineries, and the 
temperature kept up at night, with ventilation to en¬ 
courage ripening of the wood. 
Figs on the Open Wall —Young fruits that are 
now forming at the base of the young shoots cannot 
possibly ripen before winter and may be broken off. 
This has the effect of causing other fruit buds to de¬ 
velop at the sides of those removed, and they will 
supplement the quantity that are now lying dormant 
towards the top of the young wood, and will furnish 
the crop for next season. 
Raspberry Canes.—Where the young and old 
canes are growing intermixed, the old ones should 
now be removed, or as soon as they have done fruit¬ 
ing. This will give the young ones the best chance 
of completing their growth and ripening the wood. 
Keep down the weeds amongst them as well as all 
suckers not required to form a fresh plantation, by 
running the hoe through them in dry weather. 
Grafted Trees. —The shoots from grafts of 
Apple and Pear trees that were put on in spring will 
now be making some headway and getting top heavy. 
They should therefore be secured to stakes to pre¬ 
vent their being snapped by boisterous winds which 
are frequent in autumn. Remove any suckers that 
may appear from the stock. 
Apricots. —The trees will now be getting cleared 
of their crops, and the earliest opportunity should be 
taken to give the trees a good cleansing by means of 
the garden engine and clean water. This will des¬ 
troy the colonies of red spider which are apt to in¬ 
crease with great rapidity in weather like the pre¬ 
sent. 
Pelargoniums for Bedding.— It is now getting 
late to trust to the rooting of Pelargoniums in the 
open ground. The best plan is to insert the cuttings 
in boxes, not too thickly, and place the latter in cold 
frames, where they may have the lights thrown over 
them for a few days and shaded from bright sunshine. 
The cuttings can be taken off in such a way as to 
thin the plants in the beds but not disfigure them. 
Other Bedding Plants —If the cuttings of such 
things as Verbenas, Salvias, Lobelias, Mesembryan- 
themum cordifolium variegatum, Iresines, Helio¬ 
tropes, and others are put into boxes at once they 
can be rooted in cold frames; or if frames or pits in 
which Potatos and Cucumbers were brought on by 
means of fermenting manure are at hand, they will 
prove very useful for propagating such things. 
-- 
LAW NOTES. 
Messrs. James Cocker & Sons v. Royal Horti¬ 
cultural Society of Aberdeen. 
An action, which has caused not a little sensation in 
horticultural circles in the North of Scotland, came 
before Sheriff Robertson, in the Aberdeen Sheriff 
Court, on Monday, the 15th inst. Messrs. Cocker & 
Sons, nurserymen and seedsmen, Aberdeen, sought 
to have the acting directors of the Royal Horticul¬ 
tural Society of Aberdeen compelled to receive 
certain exhibits belonging to pursuers which 
defenders had declined to enter for the annual show 
held last week. Mr. Cocker, senr., was formerly a 
director of the society, but he withdrew consequent 
on the resolution to hold a grand military tourna¬ 
ment in connection with the show. The defenders 
contended that as Messrs. Cocker's usual yearly 
donation was withheld when asked for, and was not 
paid before 1st August, pursuers were no longer 
members of the society. For the pursuers it was 
held that the condition as to payment of subscrip¬ 
tions before 1st August applied only to new members, 
and that in the case of members, other than the 
Messrs. Cocker, subscriptions had been readily 
enough accepted after 1st August. The Sheriff 
reserved his decision until Tuesday afternoon, when 
he issued thefollowing interlocutor:—Aberdeen, 15th 
August, 1892.—The Sheriff substitute having heard 
parties’ procurators, and considered the case, 
dismisses the action and decerns. Finds ihe 
defenders entitled to expenses ; allows them to lodge 
an account thereof and remits the same, when 
lodged, to the Auditor of the Court to tax and 
report. (Signed) Duncan Robertson. 
The Sheriff, in a long note, remarked that whether 
defenders are acting wisely for the interests of their 
society, or altogether fairly in view of their past 
practice as to subscriptions, is another matter alto¬ 
gether, and one with which it seemed to him, he had 
nothing to dm. The rule is explicit, and the fact 
that apparently in some instances in the past the 
officials have not strictly enforced it would not 
justify him in holding that they had thereby waived 
their right to enforce the rule, if, in their discretion 
they think it fit to do so now. 
Questions add Answers. 
*,* Correspondents are requested, in order to avoid delay, 
to address all communications to "The Editor” 
or The Publisher,” and not to any person by 
name, unless the correspondence is of a private 
character. Telegrams may be addressed " Bambusa, 
London.” 
Book on Carpet Bedding.— G. S. M. : Th? shil¬ 
ling guide to Hampton Court Gardens, by the super¬ 
intendent, Mr. A. Graham, would probably meet your 
wants. There is no other of which we are aware in 
print. 
Names of Fruits.— Strathearn : Both Lord 
Suffield. 
Diseased Tomatos.— R. S. IF. : The brown mark 
on the top of the large Tomato sent us is natural, 
even although a blemish, and is likely to make its 
appearance in after years, especially on large fruits. 
The area covered varies in extent upon different fruits, 
and all that we can suggest is to make sure of a good 
strain, and if you save your own seeds to select those 
fruits that are freest of the blemish. You might also 
notice the young fruits just as they have set, so that 
when the corolla withers it may be pulled off, as it 
would sometimes harbour a little moisture on the 
crown, and when subjected to the action of the sun's 
rays might cause the crown to get scorched or decay 
under the influence of the moisture alone. The 
small fruit is affected by the black spot caused by a 
fungus named Cladosporium Lycopersici. It gains 
an entrance by the decaying style and then ramifies 
in a circle round the crown, causing the well-known 
discoloured depression, which in course of time be¬ 
comes black, both externally and to some depth 
internally. The safeguards are to maintain a dry 
and airy atmosphere, and to remove every fruit 
presenting the well-known depression at the crown. 
When taken in time it seldom does much damage. 
Propagating Phloxes.— A.Sliand : The cuttings 
may be put into boxes of sandy loam and leaf soil 
now or during next month, and rooted in a cold 
frame. Some prefer to take the cuttings in spring 
and root them in heat, but that is bad practice with 
hardy plants, as it has a weakening effect upon their 
constitution ; so that cuttings should be taken now of 
all the varieties having young shoots arising from 
the base. Heavy waterings during dry weather 
would encourage the production of such young 
growths, and the removal of stems that have flowered 
would also promote the same. There should, how¬ 
ever, not be much difficulty in the matter if the 
plants have been grown under favourable cultural 
conditions, such as watering occasionally and mulch- 
ing to prevent the roots, which ramify near the 
surface, from getting unduly affected by drought. 
Cuttings generally produce more vigorous young 
plants than division of the old rootstock. 
Earwigs on Dahlias.— A. M. C. : We should 
consider it quite unnecessary to resort to insecticides 
to destroy this pest, notwithstanding its destructive¬ 
ness, of which we are well aware. Put a little moss 
in the bottom of small flower pots, and place one of 
each on the top of the Dahlia stakes, mouth down¬ 
wards. Use a fair quantity of moss, and place it 
loosely in the pots so as to afford lodgings for the in¬ 
sects. Examine the pots every morning and drop 
the insects in a watering pot half filled with water, 
and after you have gone over the whole, turn out the 
insects on a walk or some hard surface, and have 
them destroyed. 
Hollyhocks diseased. — G. R. : It is no use trying 
to save them now, seeing that the disease has got 
such a firm hold of them. You should try spraying 
with the Bouillie Bordelaise early in summer, before 
a speck of disease is visible upon them, and renew 
the spraying at intervals through the summer. Then 
if the mixture is to have any effect it would prevent 
the spread of the disease as the spores would be 
unable to germinate to any great extent upon the 
leaves. Ihe spraying should be carried out in such 
a way that the under surface of the leaves is evenly 
although lightly wetted all over, so that when the 
rusty pustules burst and scatter their spores,the latter 
will be destroyed in their attempt to germinate. 
Another method might be tried with very good results, 
and that is to get a good strain of seed of double 
varieties, and raise your plants in that way instead 
of by cuttings, as it has a weakening effect upon the 
constitution of the plants and lays them more liable 
to disease than they would otherwise be. By means 
of seedlings you would have a fresh stock of plants 
every year, which, although not disease proof would 
give great satisfaction for ordinary garden decora¬ 
tion. 
Gladioli failing .—A .S.f.: The highly improved 
varieties are frequently weak in constitution and 
liable to fail at flowering time. Another reason is 
that cultivators keep their corms too long in a warm 
and dry place during winter, so that they are greatly 
dried up and weakened in that way by loss of weight 
before it is time to plant them out. 
Names of Plants.— G. S. M. : 1, Alternanthera 
magnifica ; 2, A. paronychoides aurea; 3, Saxifraga 
hypnoides; 4, Sedum Lydium ; 5, Hyoscyanus 
niger ; 6, Sedum spathulatum.— P. M. : 1, Echinops 
sphaerocephala ; 2, Sedum Telephium ; 3, Lupinus 
