ARRANGING 
230 
small six. eight or ten drawer cabinet, so designed and built that it maj' be placed above, below or alono-- 
side its fellow. Thus as cabinet on cabinet is added a solid collective cabinet is formed capable of indefin¬ 
ite expansion for the accommodation of the largest collection. The expense of one such cabinet is 
comparatively light and that will be all a beginner needs: as the collection grows others can be added 
one by one, till each family or grou]) of butterflies occupies its own cabinet or cabinets. The constant 
rearrangement of the giwviug collection is then made easily possible by the introduction of a new cabinet, 
and the transfer of specimens to if. Each drawer as it is emptied can then he repapered and re¬ 
arranged till the Avhole collection has been handled. The size of tlie glass topjied cabinet drawei-s we 
favour are 24" x IS" x 2" and 27" x 22" x 2": the drawers of tlie larger size show ofi* our seniitropic«nl 
butterflies to the best advantage. ^ 
Whether arranged in cabinet drawers or storeboxcs the cork lining must fii*st be covered with while 
paper. In most old collections we still see the rows of butterflies divided bv rulings of leadpencil or 
ink, or sometimes by lengths of blaekeotton or silk stretclied u])on pins. The butterflies of one drawer 
are seldom of quite uniform size and the divisions have consequently to be of vai'ying Avidths: this would 
matter but little if the collection Avere a stationary one, but the addition of a neAv species of a differing 
size entails trouble. The lines of black cotton stretclied from head to foot of the draAver are a harbour 
for any dust or fragments of legs or antennae: tho rulings are neater, but are permanent, and necessi¬ 
tate the emiitying of the draAver and its reinaneriug before it can be rearranged to include species of 
new sizes. When the Avriter in 1S90 ])lanned bis fli*st cabinet he noticed this difficulty and found a 
simple and quite satisfactory solution. He bad the white paper faint ruled in the usual Avav and then 
crossruled: tins divided the paper into quarter inch squares, and provided not onlv the division 
lines, and those upon which to arrange the roAvs of butterflies, hut also the cross lines upon which ^^o 
pin the labels. The machine ruling of the jiaper before the box or diwer is lined saA'es fully half 
the labour of the arrangement, and the ruling can be so faint as to be barely noticeable: nil that*is 
needed is a little extra care Avitli the lining to get the lines of the paper parallel Avith the sides of box 
or drawer. 
Arranging. At least four siiecimens of cacli species .should be kept, in order fo show botli upper and 
under surface of each sex. We incline to much longer series, as in almo.st CA-ery species there are to 
be tound variations in markings or colours. A spocies can be.st bo recognised* and studied from a 
number of examples: Avboliy Avrong conclusions may bo arrived at if (be characters arc taken from a 
single specimen. 
It is usual to place the males at the head and tho females at the foot of the series, and it is necessary 
to group together the different species of eacli genus. The arrangement of the genera in a subfamil'v 
IS somewaat a matter of individual opinion and our plan of grouiiing need not necessarily be followed 
though Ave have so far as our present knowledge alloAvs i>lacod related genera together. ‘ 
Name labels shoAving family and subfamily should be ])laced at the head of each storebox'or drawer 
and a name label of eacli genus either at the bead of the genus or, with the name of (be species and 
:]ie authority, at (be fool of each series. 
The In.lternies havin.<r l)een arransrefl. it must n.>l l)e tlioiiurht iliey require no further rare Tlir-e 
foes of the eol eetion have to he yuanle.l against, an.t to prevent any of these gaining a footing a pcriodi- 
cal and careful oxannnation of all druAvers and sti»roboxes is essenfial. 
rnseet Pests Theoretically l.oth eahinet .Irawers and slorehoxes are insect and dust proof: in-acticallv 
'i ' opening llirongli which a linv larva from an 
deposited on tlie outside of I lie drawer can make its way. The eahiiicf drawers should he made wilh 
a hoideniig ehamher hidden hy the traine of the -las-s. in which to jilace naptlialene or other insecticide, 
l liis s-erves as a deferreiiMo inlrnding i.csts, hut does not kill llieni. Even though the drawei-s he 
almost air tight pests arc sure to make their aiqicarance sooner or later: Ihev ean he introduced with 
siiecimens from tlie seidng hoards or on e.\-chango speeiinens. Tlic iiresenee of dusty particles honeatli 
a specimen ,s an indication that it is attacked and it shonld he treated at once. Tf of small sTe it 
may he pinned to the underside of the cork of the killing hoKle and left there for half an hour, or it 
ma> ho soaked for a few minutes in chloroform or heiizine. But the presence of one infected sneci- 
mon 1 ,smelly means others undetected, and the safer plan is to treat the wliole drawer or hox Vitos 
limy he destroyed hy a liberal dnsliiig of the drawer with powdered naiillialcnc. hut this has but little 
iimsfiV f ■' riermesics. Small hcelles of llicso two genera are responsible for 
niost of the damage in eolloetions and one or more of llieir larvae allowed to remain undisturhc.l 
lu a e.ahinet drawer will work sad havoe. Exposure of the alTeeled drawer to heat and Ihdit wil 
.... w-'Vs' 
