THE LIVING WORLD. 
614 
face and back have a dark stripe running along them. The horns are familiar 
as the handles of paper-cutters, and are about three feet in length, and full of 
ridges. It moves about under the guidance of a male who maintains military 
discipline over his herd of five or ten. He always posts one or more senti¬ 
nels who, at the least suspicion of danger, whistle for the herd to fly to the 
heights above. 
The Spanish Goat ( Capra pyrenaica ) is harmless, lives on the mountain 
oeaks and is rapidly becoming extinct as a species. 
It is sometimes called the ibex of the Pyrenees , and 
at other times the tur. 
The Jemlah Goat, or Jharal (. Hemitragus 
jemlaicus ), lives on the highest Indian mountain 
peaks, on the borders of perennial snow. Flocks 
of about twenty-five, under the guidance of a male, 
descend during the day to pasture. It is a grayish- 
fawn in color, has a brown mark on the forehead 
and the front of the legs, and a dark streak on 
the back. They wear a long mane falling down 
on both sides of the neck. The hair is coarse and 
long, and the horns, wide at the base, keep spread¬ 
ing, until suddenly they narrow and nearly meet 
in two points. 
The Cashmir Goat ( Capra falconeri ) has its 
habitat in Thibet, and its wool or hair is a well- 
known article of commerce. The animal wears 
two coats, an outer of long silken hairs and an 
inner of soft, gray wool; it is the latter which is 
used in manufacture, and its costliness will be ex¬ 
plained when it is understood that seven goats 
must be despoiled to make but one yard of the 
woven fabric. Of course, governmental taxes and 
the charges of commerce greatly increase the cost 
of the fabric, but then the material is expensive 
in first hands. 
The Bezoar Goat ( Capra cegagrus ) belongs 
to Persia and the Caucasian mountain ranges. 
Like some valetudinarians it is subject to attacks 
of stone, and the stones found in the stomach of 
this animal have quite a legendary history among 
the superstitious, who regard them as a trustworthy 
antidote to poisons. Naturalists are not agreed as 
to the original of the domestic goat, but many of 
authority assign this honor to the bezoar , which 
WILD MOUNTAIN SHEEP PLUNGING • 1 J 1 ®i ^ • 1 r j- 
down a precipice. certainly has the typical powers ot digestion. 
The Perbura, or Ram Segul, is an Indian 
goat, singular through having a smooth, white fur (sparsely intermingled with 
red), a large dewlap for the male, short ears and no beard. 
The Syrian Goat has long, pendent ears, which reach nearly to the 
shoulders. 
