FRANKENIACEAE 
53 
4. LEWISIA Pursh 
Fleshy perennials with thick roots and 1 to many-flowered scapes, the 
leaves in a basal rosette. Flowers often large and handsome. Petals 5 
to 16, varying from white to red. Stamens 5 to numerous. Seeds several 
to many. (Capt. Lewis of the Lewis & Clarke expedition across the 
continent, 1806-7, who collected the type species.) 
1. L. rediviva Pursh. Bitter Root. Scapes 1.8 to 4.8 cm. high, 
jointed near the middle and bearing an involucral whorl of 5 to 7 scari- 
ous bracts; leaves linear, thick; petals pink, rose, or white; stamens 40 
to 47; filaments united at base.—Montane. 
5. PORTULACA L. 
Fleshy herbs with alternate leaves and yellow flowers. Calyx 2-cleft, 
the tube adnate to the ovary below. Petals 5, inserted with the stamens 
on the calyx. Stamens 7 to 20. Seeds many. (Old Latin name.) 
1. P. oleracea L. Common Purslane. Stems 9 to 19 cm. long; herb¬ 
age glabrous * leaves cuneate or obovate; flowers sessile, opening only in 
sunshine; petals notched or 2-lobed.—Low lands. 
FRANKENIACEAE. FRANKENIA FAMILY 
Low perennial herbs or dwarf bushes, with opposite entire leaves and 
complete flowers. Ovary superior, 1-celled, with 2 to 4 parietal pla¬ 
centae, becoming a 2 to 4-valved pod.—Species about 34, all continents. 
FRANKENIA L. 
Leaves small, crowded in the axils. Flowers sessile, either solitary or 
by the reduction of the upper leaves becoming somewhat cymose. Calyx 
tubular, 4 or 5-toothed. Petals 4 or 5. Stamens 4 to 7, exserted. Style 
3-cleft. (John Franke, Swedish professor at Upsala.) 
1. F. grandifolia C. & S. Alkali-heath. Erect or diffuse, 9.6 to 31 
cm. high; leaves obovate to linear-oblanceolate, 6 to 12 mm. long; petals 
small, pinkish.—Seashore, salt marshes and (var. campestris Gray) on 
alkaline plains. 
SALICACEAE. WILLOW FAMILY 
Trees or shrubs, generally growing along streams, with alternate entire 
or merely toothed leaves and staminate and pistillate flowers in catkins on 
different plants, 1 flower to each bract. Stamens 2 to 80. Ovary 1-celled. 
Fruit a pod, containing numerous seeds with long silky down.—Species 
about 180, mostly in the north temperate and arctic zones. 
Bracts of the catkin entire; stamens 1 to 9 ; buds with a single scale.1. Salix. 
Bracts of the catkin cut-lobed at apex; stamens numerous; buds with many 
scales . 2. Populus. 
1. SALIX L. Willow 
Leaves mostly narrow, long-pointed, short-petioled. Catkins mostly 
erect, appearing before or with the leaves. Stigmas short. (Ancient 
Latin name of the willow.) 
Filaments of the stamens woolly or hairy below. 
Stamens 3 to 9; style short; stigmas roundish ; trees, the trunk bark very 
rough. 
