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ARISTOLOCHIACEAE 
1. A. califomica (Nutt.) Hook. Yerba Mansa. Stems hollow, 1.4 
to 2.8 dm. high, with a clasping leaf above the middle and a cluster of 
1 to 3 petioled leaves in the axil; leaves elliptic-oblong, somewhat heart- 
shaped at base; bracts of the involucre 1.2 to 3 cm. long.—Moist alkaline 
lands. An infusion of the root is used by Spanish-Californians as a 
liniment for skin troubles and as a tea for disorders of the blood. 
ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. BIRTHWORT FAMILY 
Low herbs or twining shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple, cordate, long- 
petioled. Calyx conspicuous, lurid or gr.eenish, 3-lobed. Corolla none. 
Stamens 6 to 12. Ovary inferior, 6-celled. Fruit a globular or cylin¬ 
drical pod.—Species 210, warm parts of the earth. 
Low herb; calyx regular......1. Asarum. 
Woody climber ; calyx irregular.2. Aristolochia. 
1. ASARUM L. 
Herbs with fragrant creeping rootstocks which bear a pair of kidney¬ 
shaped or heart-shaped leaves and a short-stalked flower close to the 
ground. Calyx lurid, bell-shaped, the limb 3-parted into long spreading 
or recurved lobes. Stamens 12, with pointed tips. Style short, 6-lobed. 
Pod globose, fleshy, bursting irregularly. (Derivation obscure.) 
1. A. caudatum Lindl. Wild Ginger. Evergreen; calyx-lobes 
drawn out into tails 2.4 to 5.4 cm. long.—Deep shade of woods. 
2. ARISTOLOCHIA L. Pipe Vine 
Twining woody plant with ovate-cordate leaves and a tubular greenish 
and purplish calyx which is strongly curved and pipe-shaped. Stamens 
6 to 8, consisting of sessile anthers adnate to the short style which has 
a 3 to 6-lobed stigma. Pod 6-valved. (Greek aristos, best, locheia, 
parturition, from its supposed efficacy in child-birth.) 
1. A. californica Torr. Dutchman’s Pipe. Leaves deciduous; pod 
6-winged.—Wooded hill country. 
ULMACEAE. ELM FAMILY 
Trees or shrubs without milky juice. Leaves alternate, usually oblique. 
Flowers perfect or unisexual, irregular. Corolla none. Sepals 4 or 5, 
rarely 3 to 7. Stamens of same number, opposite the sepals, not elasti¬ 
cally incurved. Ovary superior, 1-celled, 1-ovuled, the ovule suspended, 
anatropous.—About 140 species generally distributed in all but the polar 
regions. 
1. ULMUS L. Elm 
Trees. Flowers perfect or rarely polygamous, in axillary clusters or 
racemes. Fruit a dry nutlet with a broad (rarely narrow) membranous 
wing all around. (Ancient Latin name of the elm.) 
1. U. racemosa Thomas. Cork Elm. Broad-crowned tree 6 to 15 
m. high; branchlets pubescent, corky-winged when older; buds pubes¬ 
cent ; leaves oval to oblong-obovate, pubescent beneath; wing with shal¬ 
low notch at apex.—Cult, from eastern U. S. as a street and shade tree. 
