TABLE OF NATURAL ORDERS 
13 
Boraginaceae.—Borage Family. 
Labiatae.—Mint Family. 
Solanaceae.—Nightshade Family. 
Scrophulariaceae.—Figwort Family. 
Orobanchaceae.—Broom-rape Family. 
Order Plantaginales. 
Plantaginaceae.—Plantain Family. 
3. Tetracyclicae Epigynae. —Flowers with four circles epigynous. 
Order Rubiales. 
Rubiaceae.—Madder Family. 
Caprifoliaceae.—Honeysuckle Family. 
Dipsaceae.—Teasle Family. 
Order Campanulales. 
Compositae.—Sunflower Family. 
MONOCOTYLEDONS. 
Leaves with parallel veins; parts of the flower usually in 3s, never in 
4s or 5s; vascular bundles scattered irregularly through the pithy tissue, 
not in rings or annual lavers; embryo with one cotyledon; mostly herbs, 
when perennial chiefly with bulbs or rootstocks. 
Order Naiadales. 
Ali smaceae.—Water-Plantain Family. 
Order Pandanales. 
Typhaceae.—Cat-tail Family. 
Order Palmales. 
Palmaceae.—Palm Family. 
Order Liliales. 
Liliaceae.—Lily Family. 
Amaryllidaceae.—Amaryllis Family. 
Iridaceae.—Iris Family. 
Order Graminales. 
Juncaceae.—Rush Family. 
Cyperaceae.—Sedge Family. 
Gramineae.—Grass Family. 
Order Orchidales. 
Orchidaceae.—Orchid Family. 
THE LIFE HISTORY OF A FLOWERING PLANT IN THE 
LIGHT OF. ITS RACE HISTORY. 
We may begin the life cycle of a flowering plant with the seed which is 
a resting body. On germination of the seed, if the seedling, as in the 
case of the bean, shows two cotyledons, then the plant belongs to the 
class dicotyledon. If on germination only a single leaf first appears 
above ground, as in the onion or Indian corn, then the plant belongs to 
the class of monocotyledons. 
