78 
MALVACEAE 
glabrous above, finely tomentose beneath; flowers white; umbels 1 to sev¬ 
eral on each short branchlet; pod not lobed, with diverging horns.—Moun¬ 
tains from Los Angeles to Santa Maria. 
12. C. cuneatus Nutt. Buck Brush. Rigid divaricately branched 
shrub 14 to 23 dm. high; bark gray; branchlets short and stout; leaves 
obovate or oblong-obovate, green above, paler beneath, 8 to 12 mm. (less 
commonly 24 mm.) long; pod with 3 short erect horns.—Abundant on 
mountain slopes, forming a large part of the chaparral in many places. 
13. C. jepsonii Greene. Rigid shrub 11.5 to 14 dm. high; branchlets 
short, stubby, gray; leaves elliptic-oblong, spiny-toothed; flowers white 
or blue, exhaling a musky odor.—North Coast Ranges. 
14. C. crassifolius Torr. Tall shrub; leaves thick, elliptic-obovate or 
oblong, green and glabrous above, densely white-tomentose beneath, fine¬ 
ly toothed or entire, 1.8 to 2.4 cm. long; pod with 3 stout sub-erect horns 
near the top.—S. Cal. 
MALVACEAE. MALLOW FAMILY 
Herbs or shrubs with alternate leaves and regular flowers. Sepals 5, 
united at base and commonly subtended by an involucel of bractlets. 
Petals 5. Stamens numerous, united into a column. Pistil 1, superior, 
composed of several or many united carpels which either separate when 
ripe or form a single pod.—Species 800 to 900, distributed over the whole 
earth. 
Fruit when ripe separating into separate carpels. 
Styles stigmatic lengthwise on the inside ; fruiting carpels 1-seeded, indehis- 
cent. 
Shrubs; bractlets united into a 2 to 3-lobed involucel, free from the 
calyx .1. Lavatera. 
Herbs. 
Bractlets 3, distinct, inserted on the calyx. 2. Malva. 
Bractlets none (rarely 1).3. Sidalcea. 
Styles with terminal stigma; fruiting carpels 1 to 3-seeded, often splitting into 
2 valves ; bractlets slender or filiform.4. Malvastrum. 
Fruit a 3 to 5-celled capsule; style with terminal stigma; bractlets 3, large, leafy, 
heart-shaped . 5. Gossypium. 
1. LAVATERA L. 
Shrubs with maple-like leaves. Flowers showy, axillary, subtended by 
a 2 to 3-lobed involucel. Pedicels jointed above the middle. Petals re¬ 
flexed after flowering, truncate or shallowlv notched, long-clawed. Fruit 
a whorl of carpels. (One of the Lavater family of Zurich, at the time 
of Tournefort.) 
1. L. assurgentiflora Kell. Tree Mallow. Leaves palmately 5-lobed 
and toothed; petals rose-color.—Cult, as a hedge plant, especially near the 
coast as a wind-break for vegetable gardens. 
2. MALVA L. Mallow 
Annual herbs. Flowers in axillary clusters. Calyx with an involucel 
of 3 distinct bractlets inserted on its base. Petals inversely heart-shaped 
or notched. Fruit a flattened whorl of carpels which separate from the 
central axis as kidney-shaped seed-like pieces. (Greek malache, soft, on 
account of the emollient properties.) 
