84 
CRASSULACEAE 
loupe. Fruits mostly hard rinded, more or less warty, scaly or rough 
with muskmelon odor.—Cult. 
2. C. sativus L. Cucumber. Stems long-running, prickly, strongly 
angled; fruit prickly or muricate, mostly oblong.—Cult, from s. Asia. 
4. ECHINOCYSTIS T. & G. Big Root 
Trailing or climbing herbs with large globose or fusiform roots, 
branched tendrils and thin leaves. Flowers small, greenish or white, the 
staminate in axillary racemes or panicles, the pistillate solitary in the 
axils. Calyx-teeth very small or obsolete. Corolla rotate or campanu- 
late. Fruit prickly, bursting irregularly. Seeds large, ovoid or oblong. • 
(Greek echinos, a hedgehog, and kustis, a bladder, in reference to the 
spiny fruit.) 
Corollas rotate or somewhat saucer-shaped staminate racemes mostly with many 
to numerous flowers ; spines more or less puberulent. 
Pistillate flowers without abortive stamens; corolla dull or greenish-white; 
fruit globose ..1. E. fabacea. 
Pistillate flowers with abortive anthers; corolla probably clear white; fruit 
oblong ..2. E. macro carp a. 
Corollas campanulate ; staminate racemes relatively few-flowered; spines puberu¬ 
lent or sometimes glabrous ; fruit ovate or globose-ovate, commonly long- 
beaked .3. E. oregana. 
1. E. fabacea Naud. Common Man Root. Stems 1 to 8 m. long; 
leaves round-cordate, rather deeply 5 to 7-lobed; flowers dull or green¬ 
ish white; fruit globose; seeds 4. —Hills and valleys. 
2. E. macrocarpa Greene. Similar to no. 1 but fruit ovoid or oblong, 
9.6 to 12 cm. long, 12 to 14-seeded.—S. Cal. 
3. E. oregana Cogn. Hill Man Root. Flowers pure white; fruit 
pointed at both ends, sparingly spiny.—Flills about San Francisco Bay 
and n. 
CRASSULACEAE. STONE-CROP FAMILY 
Succulent herbs. Leaves in ours entire, without stipules. Flowers in 
cymes or rarely solitary, small, regular, usually perfect. Sepals, petals 
and pistils usually 5 in ours, and the stamens usually 5 or 10. Petals 
somewhat perigynous, distinct or united below into a tube. Fruit a fol¬ 
licle. Receptacle with a nectar-bearing scale behind each pistil.—Species 
about 600, of wide distribution. 
Leaves opposite; stamens as many as the petals; diminutive annuals....!. Tillaea. 
Leaves alternate; stamens twice as many as the petals; perennials; flowering 
stems from basal rosettes. 
Petals commonly spreading, at least at tip; mostly mat-like plants with 
branching rootstocks ..2. Sedum. 
Petals commonly erect often closely approximate at tip ; coarse plants with 
thick basal leaf rosettes borne on a simple or branched caudex. 
3. Cotyledon. 
1. TILLAEA L. 
Tiny annuals. Flowers very small, in the leaf axils. Sepals, petals, 
stamens and carpels usually 4. Petals distinct or nearly so. (Michael 
Angelo Tilli, Italian botanist.) 
1. T. erecta H. & A. Flowers clustered in the axils; petals and 
sepals subequal; carpels 1 to 2-seeded.—Dry commonly sandy ground. 
