ROSACEAE 
89 
large one, consisting of 2000 species, found in all continents but natives 
chiefly of the temperate or cold climates of the northern hemisphere. 
From an economic standpoint it is one of the leading families on account 
of the great number of edible fruits which it produces. It also contains 
a large number of ornamentals as well as plants yielding medicines and 
fragrant oils. No member of this family is poisonous or unwholesome. 
A. Ovary superior. 
Fruit dehiscent, consisting of 2 to 5 dry pods or follicles; shrubs.—M eadow Sweet 
Tribe. 
Pods inflated, 2 to 4-seeded, dehiscent.1. Physocarpus. 
Pods not inflated, 1-seeded, tardily dehiscent or indehiscent....2. Holodiscus. 
Fruit indehiscent; shrubs or herbs. 
Ovary becoming an achene or drupelet.—R ose Tribe. 
Pistils more than 1 ; leaves compound or pinnately lobed. 
Pistils becoming drupelets; fruit called a “berry”.3. Rubus. 
Pistils becoming dry achenes. 
Pistils not disposed on the inside of a large globose receptacle; 
receptacle conic. 
Receptacle fleshy ; leaves 3-foliolate.4. Fragaria. 
Receptacle dry ; leaves pinnate or palmate..--5. Potentilla. 
Pistils disposed on the inside of a globose or urn-shaped calyx- 
tube ; fruit termed a “hip”.6. Rosa. 
Pistil only one; leaves simple. 
Achene with long feathery tail; petals none.7. Cercocarpus. 
Achene not tailed ; petals white..8. Adenostoma. 
Ovary becoming a drupe ; trees or shrubs with simple leaves and caducous 
stipules.— Cherry Tribe. 
Pistils 5 ; drupes 1 to 5 ; flowers dioecious.9. Osmaronia. 
Pistil 1; drupe solitary; flowers perfect.10. Prunus. 
B. Ovary inferior; fruit a pome; trees and shrubs with 
simple leaves.—A pple Tribe. 
Foliage evergreen; flowers small, numerous, in a panicle; fruit bright red, berry¬ 
like .11. Heteromeles. 
Foliage deciduous. 
Flowers in corymbs. 
Fruit a 2 to 5-celled pome with 2 seeds in each cell.12. Pyrus. 
Fruit a 5-celled pome with many seeds in each cell.13. Cydonia. 
Flowers several in a raceme; fruit berry-like.14. Amelanchier. 
1. PHYSOCARPUS Maxim. 
Diffuse shrubs with reddish shreddy bark. Leaves simple. Flowers 
white, in corymbs terminating leafy branchlets. Petals rounded. Sta¬ 
mens 20 to 24. Pistils 1 to 5, becoming inflated pods. (Greek phusa, 
bellows or bladder, and karpos, fruit.) 
1. P. capitatus (Pursh) Ktze. Nine Bark. Leaves roundish or 
ovate, 3-lobed, irregularly serrate, 2.4 to 4.8 cm. long or more; stamens 
alternately long and short.—Along streams or on steep canon sides. 
2. HOLODISCUS Maxim. 
Shrubs with toothed or lobed leaves. Stipules none. Flowers small, 
creamy white, numerous, in terminal panicles. Petals rounded. Stamens 
20. Pods 5, hairy, 1-seeded. (Greek holo, whole or complete, and diskos, 
a disk.) 
1. H. discolor (Pursh) Maxim. Cream Bush. About 8 to 17 dm. 
high; leaves ovate to ovate-elliptic, whitish beneath, coarsely serrate or 
