114 
UMBELLIFERAE 
Umbels terminal on the branches. 
Leaflets entire.#.. 11. Carum. 
Leaflets serrate ..12. Cicuta. 
Flowers yellow. 
Stems of medium height; leaves mostly basal. 13. Velaea. 
Stems very tall, leafy, with finely dissected leaves..14. Foeniculum. 
| Some or all ribs of the fruit winged. 
i Lateral ribs winged, dorsal and intermediate ribs filiform. 
Oil-tubes half way to the base of fruit; corollas unlike. 
15. Heracleum. 
Oil-tubes as long as fruit; corollas all alike. 
Stems none or very short.16. Lomatium. 
Stems tall, leafy. 
Leaves pinnate .17. Pastinaca. 
Leaves ternately compound.18. Anethum. 
Lateral, dorsal and intermediate ribs winged or very prominent. 
* 19. Angelica. 
1. ERYNGIUM L. Button Snakeroot 
Perennials with clustered coarse fibrous roots, prickly involucres and 
often prickly leaves. Flowers greenish-white or blue, in heads which are 
terminal on the branches or short-peduncled in the forks. Bracts and 
bractlets spinose, conspicuous. (Greek name used by Dioscorides.) 
1. E. vaseyi C. & R. Coyote-Thistle. Plants growing in shallow 
pools; earliest leaves terete, pointed, in a basal tuft, disappearing early 
and succeeded by short erect leafy stems; leaves narrowly oblanceolate, 
9.6 to 23 dm. long, the upper much shorter, incised or bearing small 
lanceolate lobes below; fruit with abruptly cuspidate calyx-lobes.—Low 
places in fields. 
2. SANICULA L. Snakeroot 
Glabrous perennial herbs, the stems naked or few-leaved. Leaves 
palmately lobed or pinnately divided. Flowers greenish-yellow or purple, 
borne in head-like clusters, which are disposed in few-rayed umbels. 
Fruit densely covered wdth hooked prickles. (Diminutive form derived 
from Latin sanere, to heal, certain species used in medicine.) 
Mature fruit pediceled ; leaves palmately lobed or divided. 
Bractlets conspicuous; plants prostrate or decumbent.1. 5". arctopoidcs. 
Bractlets inconspicuous ; plants erect. 
Leaf divisions broad, not toothed to the very base.2. S. tnenziesii. 
Leaf divisions narrow, decurrent below into a conspicuously toothed 
rachis ....3. 5. arguta. 
Mature fruit sessile. 
Stems from the more or less thickened crown of a tap root. 
Flowers purple ; leaves bipinnatifid, the main divisions decurrent on the 
toothed rachis .4. S. bipinnatifida. 
Flowers yellow; leaves palmately cleft.5. S. laciniata. 
Stems from a tuberous root. 
Leaves pinnate ; tuber elongated.„.6. S', bipinnata. 
Leaves ternate; tuber globose ...7. S', tuberosa. 
1. S. arctopoides H. & A. Footsteps-of-spring. Stem short, bear¬ 
ing at base a tuft of leaves and above several divergent and decumbent 
scape-like branches, each terminating in an umbel of 1 to 3 rays; bracts 
foliaceous; bractlets entire, much exceeding the yellow flowers.—Open 
or brushy hills, vicinity of the ocean. 
2. S. menziesii H. & A. Gamble Weed. Stems erect, sparingly 
branched, 2.8 to 14.4 dm. high; basal leaves roundish in outline, 4.8 to 12 
