116 
UMBELLIFERAE 
compound umbel which is surrounded by deft leafy bracts and borne on 
long peduncles. Ribs of the fruit with barbed prickles or bristles. 
(Daukos, the Greek name.) 
1. D. pusillus Michx. Rattlesnake Weed. Plants about 9.6 to 24 
cm. high; stems and peduncles retrorselv hispid; bracts divided into 
short linear or lanceolate segments; rays 4 to 10 mm. long, rarely 2.4 to 
3.6 cm. long.—Hill country. The herbage was used by the native tribes as 
an antidote for rattlesnake bite by direct application on the wound. 
2. D. carota L. Carrot. Stems erect, branching 5 to 8 dm. high, 
commonly smooth; bracts divided into short linear or lanceolate seg¬ 
ments; rays 2.4 to 6 cm. long; fruiting umbel resembling a bird’s nest.— 
Cult, from Eur. for its edible root; also naturalized in valley lands. 
6. APIASTRUM Nutt. 
Small branching glabrous annuals with dissected leaves. Flowers in 
irregularly compound umbels. Rays and pedicels unequal. Fruit some¬ 
what laterally compressed, elliptic-cordate. Oil-tubes solitary in the in¬ 
tervals. (Apium, celery, and aster, Latin suffix meaning wild.) 
1. A. angustifolium Nutt. Erect, 1 to 2 (or 3.6 dm.) high; leaves 
twice or thrice ternately dissected into linear segments; umbels sessile in 
the forks or opposite the upper leaves, of 2 or 3 umbellets and 1 or 2 ses¬ 
sile flowers in the center: umbellets 3 or 4-flowered; fruit cordate.— 
Dry mountain slopes or sandy valleys. 
7. BOWLESIA R. & P. 
Small and delicate pubescent annual with opposite simple leaves and 
scarious stipules. Umbels simple, few-flowered, axillary. Flowers white, 
minute. Fruit ovate, somewhat flattened laterally, with no ribs or oil- 
tubes. (Wm. Bowles, 1705-1780, Irish naturalist and traveler.) 
1. B. lobata R. & P. Stems mostly branching at the base, weak and 
trailing, 1.4 to 5.7 dm. long, flowering from the base; leaves thin, 5-lobed, 
broader than long; umbels 1 to 4-flowered.-—Shaded places in the hills. 
8. CONIUM L. 
Tall branching biennial with dissected decompound leaves. Bracts 
and bractlets small. Flowers white. Fruit broadly ovate, somewhat 
laterally flattened, with prominent ribs. (Greek name of the Hemlock.) 
1. C. maculatum L. Poison Hemlock. Tall, the stem dotted with 
purple marks; herbage with a mouse-like odor; leaves 2.8 to 5.7 dm. 
long or more; rays 10 to 16.—Shady or moist ground; nat. from Eur. 
The herbage is poisonous. 
9. CORIANDRUM L. 
Slender glabrous strong-smelling annuals with leafy stems, the lower 
leaves pinnate or bipinnate, the upper finely dissected. Flowers white or 
rose-tinted, in compound umbels. Fruit subglobose, with filiform or acute 
ribs. (Ancient Latin name.) 
1. C. sativum L. Coriander. Stems 3 to 7 dm. high; leaflets of 
lower leaves roundish or ovate; divisions of upper leaves linear.—Euro¬ 
pean garden plant, cult, from the Orient, occasionally escaped. The seed¬ 
like fruits are aromatic and used as flavoring in cookery. 
