MINT FAMILY 
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cence. Calyx tubular-bellshaped or topshaped, 5 to 10-nerved and; 5,- 
toothed. Corolla-tube cylindrical; upper lip mostly erect and sonle- 
what concave, entire or notched; lower lip longer, spreading, 3-lobed, 
the middle lobe larger and the lateral deflexed. (Greek stachus, an ear 
of corn, hence a spike; these plants have a spicate inflorescence.) 
Flowers purplish; stems retrorsely hispid or hirsute.1. 5. bullata. 
Flowers whitish. 
Whorls distinct or indistinct; inflorescence 7 to 21 cm. long: herbage white- 
woolly..."....2. S. albens. 
Whorls distinct; inflorescence 4.8 to 9.6 cm. long; herbage villous or silky- 
hirsute.3. S. ajugoides. 
1. S. bullata Benth. Scare-weed, Stems simple or rarely branched 
above, 2 to 5.7 dm. high; herbage hispid, the stems retrorsely hispid, 
especially on the angles; leaves oblong-ovate, crenate; flowers about 6 in 
the axils of the opposite pair of leaves; flowers pinkish or purplish, 8 to 
10 mm. long.—Common on low hills or in valleys. Sometimes it is a 
pest in low or bottom lands; in a series of excessively wet years it 
sometimes invades rich valley lands in an alarming manner, but a re¬ 
currence of normal rainfall causes it to disappear. 
2. S. albens Gray. Stems erect, 5.7 to 14 dm. high; leaves ovate to 
lanceolate; whorls mostly indistinct and spicate, many-flowered.—Along 
rivulets or near springs in the dry inner country. 
3. S. ajugoides Benth. Stems mostly erect, simple, 2 to 5.7 dm. tall ; 
leaves oblong; one or two flower clusters below in the axils of upper 
ordinary leaves, the leaves above becoming bract-like and the clusters 
less remote.—Low lands. 
6. SALVIA L. Sage 
Herbs or low shrubs, the flowers usually in whorls and the whorls in 
terminal racemes or spikes. Calyx 2-lipped, the upper lip entire or 3- 
toothed, the lower 2-cleft. Upper lip of corolla erect (sometimes almost 
none), the lower lip spreading, 3-lobed, the middle lobe often notched, 
cleft or fringed. Stamens inserted in the throat of the corolla, the upper 
pair sterile or rudimentary, the lower pair fertile with the anther-cells 
separated on a long filament-like connective which is jointed by the 
middle or near one end to the filament; upper end of connective with a 
perfect anther-cell, lower end with a rudiment or none. (Latin salveb, 
to save, some of the species being officinal.) 
Lower end of connective bearing a deformed anther-cell or rudiment; flower- 
whorls few; annuals. 
Herbage white-woolly; bracts much surpassing the flowers.1. S. carduacecl. 
Herbage dark green ; bracts not exceeding the flowers.2. Y. columbariae. 
Lower end of connective reduced to a subulate joint (the filament apparently 
simple) ; flower-whorls several; perennials. 
Coarse herb with simple stems ; corolla crimson.3. S. spathdcea. 
Shrubs, freely branching; corolla white, whitish or bluish. 
Leaves green ; style and stamens little exserted.4. S', mellifera. 
Leaves white; style and stamens long exserted.5. S. apiana. 
1. S. carduacea Benth. Thistle-Sage. Stems 1 or several from a 
rosette of basal leaves, naked, bearing 1 to 4 whorls of flowers; leaves 
pinnatifid with spiny teeth ; bracts ovate or lanceolate, spiny, surpassing 
the flowers; corolla light blue, 2.4 cm, long; upper lip 2-cleft; lower lip 
