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SCROPHULARIACEAE 
1. S. californica Cham. Leaves ovate, heart-shaped at base, serrate. 
—Common in moist places along gulches or in the hills. 
3. PENTSTEMON Ait. 
Perennial herbs or sometimes with woody stems. Flowers showy, in 
racemes or panicles. Corolla tubular. 2-lipped or the segments almost 
alike. Stamens with anthers 4, the fifth stamen represented by a con¬ 
spicuous sterile filament. (Greek pente, five, and stemon, stamen.) 
Fertile filaments all bearded or pubescent at base, anthers glabrous; shrubs or 
bushes. 
Corolla red, tubular, the lips shorter than the narrow tube.1. P. cordifolius. 
Corolla yellowish, gaping, the spreading lips longer than the short tube. 
2. P. breviflorus. 
Fertile filaments mostly not bearded at base ; herbage glabrous or nearly so. 
Anthers dehiscing their whole length or nearly so. 
Leaves entire, sessile or subcordate-clasping ; corolla vermillion. 
3. P. centranthifolius. 
Leaves acutely dentate, sessile or the low’est petioled, the upper connate- 
perfoliate; corolla red-purple.4. P. spectabilis. 
Anthers dehiscing from the apex to the middle only ; corolla blue or purple.... 
5. P. heterophyllus. 
1. P. cordifolius Benth. Scrambling over bushes by its long woody 
runner-like branches; leaves ovate, often heart-shaped at base, finely 
toothed, prominently veined beneath; flowers in a somewhat leafy panicle; 
corolla 2.4 cm. long or more, the upper lip erect, lower more or less 
spreading; anther cells dehiscing their whole length; sterile filament 
bearded.—S. Cal. 
2. P. breviflorus Lindl. Stems simple from a branched woody base, 
8 to 17 dm. high ; leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, denticulate, 1.8 
to 6.6 cm. long; corolla white with purplish markings, deeply 2-lipped, 
the upper lip erect, the lower widely spreading; anther cells dehiscing 
their whole length; sterile filament glabrous.—Dry hills. 
3. P. centranthifolius Benth. Scarlet Bugler. Stems simple, clus¬ 
tered, 3 to 8.5 dm. high; leaves ovate to oblong-lanceolate with somewhat 
heart-shaped clasping base, 3.6 to 6 cm. long; corolla tubular with nearly 
equal lobes, scarlet, 2.4 cm. long; sterile filament naked.—Rocky cliffs, 
sandy dunes or mesas. 
4. P. spectabilis Thurb. Stems slender, simple, 8.5 to 11.5 dm. high; 
leaves ovate to oblong; corolla 2-lipped, abruptly dilated above the nar¬ 
row tube ; sterile filament glabrous.—Dry hills and valleys, S. Cal. 
5. P. heterophyllus Lindl. Stems many, erect or ascending, 2.8 to 
4.3 dm. high; herbage minutely puberulent; leaves linear to lanceolate, 
3.6 cm. long or less; corolla 2-lipped, abruptly dilated above the narrowly 
tubular base, blue or purple, 2.4 to 3 cm. long: upper lip short, more or 
less reflexed, the lower longer, spreading.—Coast Range hills. 
4. DIPLACUS Nutt. 
Evergreen glutinous shrubs with the leaves revolute in the bud. 
Flowers salmon-color or red, solitary in the axils. Calyx tubular, 5- 
angled, 5-toothed. Corolla with funnelform tube, strongly 2-lipped. 
Stamens 4. Stigmas 2, closing together when irritated. Valves of cap¬ 
sule spreading out nearly flat. (Greek di, double, and plakous, a cake, 
referring to the placentae.) 
