ORCHID FAMILY 
207 
into an inferior position (i.e., on the lower side of the flower), by twisting 
of the ovary. Filaments united with the single style forming a column ; 
anthers 1 or 2. Ovary inferior, commonly long and twisted, 1-celled. 
Fruit a 3-valved capsule. Seeds innumerable, minute.—The largest 
family of seed plants, consisting of about 13,000 species, of wide distri¬ 
bution but most abundant in the tropics. Many are highly ornamental, 
though few are of economic value. 
Leaves foliaceous, i.e., the plants with green herbage. 
Flowers solitary or several, showy ; lip large and sac-like. 
Leaves 2 to many, cauline ; sepals and petals’brown or greenish-yellow.... 
1. Cypripedium. 
Leaf 1, basal ; sepals and petals rose-purple. 2. Calypso. 
Flowers many, spicate or racemose; lip various, but not saccate. 
Perianth with a spur ; bracts inconspicuous. 3. Habenaria. 
Perianth spurless ; bracts conspicuous, foliaceous..4. Epipactis. 
Leaves reduced and scale-like, the plants destitute of green herbage. 
5. CORALLORRHIZA. 
1. CYPRIPEDIUM L. Lady’s Slipper 
Steins leafy, rough-pubescent, from tufted fibrous roots. Leaves 2 to 
many, large. Flowers few or solitary, large and showy, leafy-bracted. 
Sepals spreading, in ours seeming as if only 2, the lateral completely or 
almost completely united into one under the lip or inflated sac. (Greek 
Cypris, Venus, and pedilon, shoe, the saccate lip a fit buskin for the 
goddess.) 
Stem with several alternate leaves, 2.8 to 5.7 dm. high. 
Petals linear-lanceolate 3 to 4.8 cm. long; lower sepals united almost to the 
apex, the subulate tips free...1. C. montanum. 
Petals oblong-linear, 1.2 to 1.4 cm. long; lower sepals united quite to the 
apex...2. C. californicum. 
Stem with 2 opposite leaves, 4.8 to 24 cm. high ; sepals and petals lanceolate, 1.2 to 
2.4 cm. long.....3. C. fasciculatum. 
1. C. montanum Dough Leaves elliptic- to narrowly-ovate, the 
largest 1.2 to 1.4 dm. long ; flowers 1 to 3; sepals and wavy-twisted 
petals usually dark brown, linear-lanceolate, 3.6 to 6 cm. long ; lip 2.4 cm. 
long, dull white, veined with purple; capsule erect or nearly so.—Dense 
woods, Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevkda. 
2. C. calif ornicum Gray. Leaves ovate-lanceolate (or ovate), acute 
or acuminate, 7.2 to 14.4 cm. long, the upper lanceolate; flowers 1 to 6, 
greenish-yellow; lip obovoid, white or light rose-color, veined with purple, 
1.6 to 2 cm. long; capsule reflexed.—Marin'Co.; Del Norte Co. to 
Lassen Co. 
3. C. fasciculatum Kell. Leaves 2, nearly opposite, ovate to nearly 
orbicular, 4.8 to 9.6 cm. long, pale green, with 3 prominent ribs beneath; 
flowers solitary or 2 to several in a small terminal cluster; lip depressed- 
ovate, greenish-yellow with brown or purplish margin, 8 to 12 mm. long. 
—Dry open hillsides: Santa Cruz Co.; Plumas Co. to Del Norte Co. 
2. CALYPSO Salisb. 
Low herb with a corm and coral-like roots. Stem scape-like, sheathed 
by a few scale-like leaves, with a single drooping terminal flower. 
Flowers large, showy. Sepals and petals similar, equal, distinct; lip 
sac-like, terminating in 2 short spurs protruding from beneath a winged 
