208 
ORCHIDACEAE 
margin; upper side of sac inside with 3 densely ciliate ridges running 
from the opening towards the spurs, with 2 short spurs below the ex¬ 
panded apex. (The nymph Calypso in Homer.) 
1. C. bulbosa (L.) Oakes. Calypso. Stem 9.6 to 12 cm. high; leaf 
ovate, cordate or truncate at base; sepals and petals rose-purple, some¬ 
times pale; lip as long or slightly longer, ovate-inflated, reddish-brown 
and mottled.—Bogs or in leaf-mold in redwood or pine forests from 
Marin Co. northw. 
3. HABENARIA Willd. Rein-orchis 
Stems erect, leafy at least at base, solitary from fleshy tuber-like roots. 
Flowers greenish, yellowish, or white, in a terminal spike or raceme. 
Sepals equal, the lateral mostly spreading, the petals a trifle smaller. 
Lip spreading or drooping, in ours entire, produced at base into a long 
slender spur. (Latin habena, a thong or rein of a horse, on account 
of the shape of the spur in some species.) 
1. H. elegans (Lindl.) Jepson. Stem slender, strict, 2.4 to 3 dm. high; 
basal leaves oblanceolate to lanceolate; spike slender, laxly flowered, 
attenuate at apex, 1.2 to 1.6 dm. long; flowers whitish; spur as long as 
or a little longer than the ovary.—S. Cal. and Coast Range woods mostly 
near the coast. 
2. H. maritima Greene. Low and stout, 1.4 to 3 dm. high; basal leaves 
oblong, acute; spike very dense and thick, slightly conical, 3.6 to 9.6 
cm. long; flowers white, with a heavy fragrance; spur slender, longer 
than the ovary.—Sea-cliffs or coast hills, San Francisco Co. to Hum¬ 
boldt Co. 
4. EPIPACTIS Haller 
Stem leafy from a creeping rootstock. Flowers in a raceme with 
foliaceous bracts. Sepals and petals nearly equal, spreading; lip strongly 
constricted at the middle, the lower portion deeply concave, the upper 
portion dilated. Ovaries reflexed at maturity. (Greek epipegnuo, be¬ 
cause used to curdle milk.) 
1. E. gigantea Dougl. Stream Orchis. Stout, 2.8 to 8.6 (or 11.5) 
dm. high, nearly glabrous; leaves oyate below, lanceolate above, acute or 
acuminate, 7.2 to 16.8 cm. long; raceme minutely pubescent; flowers 3 
to 10; sepals greenish; petals rose-color, purple-veined, particularly the 
lip.—Moist stream banks. 
5. CORALLORRHIZA R. Br. Coral-root 
Brownish or yellowish saprophytes or root-parasites, destitute of green 
herbage, and with branching toothed coral-like roots. Stems scape-like, 
the flowers in a terminal raceme. Perianth-segments oblong or lanceo¬ 
late, nearly alike, ours 3-nerved, gibbous at base over the ovary, or the 
lateral sepals united at base with the foot of the column, forming a short 
spur. Capsules reflexed. (Greek korallion, coral, and rhiza, root.) 
1. C. striata Lindl. Stems many in a cluster, 1.9 to 4.8 dm. high; 
sepals and petals somewhat flesh-colored, striately 3-nerved with purple 
or reddish-brown lines, about 1.2 cm. long, approximated on upper side 
of flower and curved over column in such a way as to form a sort of 
hood; spur none.—Woods, 500 to 5000 ft. C. maculata Raf. Spur 
present, attached to ovary.—Mt. woods, 3000 to 6000 ft. 
