October 19, 1895. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
113 
Ringer, Dr. Hervey, and Winter Codlin being some 
of the best forthcoming (Silver Knightian Medal.) 
Mr. Richwood, gardener to the Dowager Lady 
Freake, Fulwell Park, Twickenham, weighed in very 
strongly with a very meritorious collection of Apples 
and Pears. Of the former Ribston Pippin, Lord 
Derby, Colonel Vaughan, and King of the Pippins 
were especially conspicuous, whilst grand samples 
of Pears Louis Bonne of Jersey, Beurre Superfin, 
Doyenne Boussoch, and Doyenne de Comice were 
also forthcoming here (Silver Banksian Medal.) 
Several Melons were shown, a couple of fruits 
coming from Mr. Bishop, gardener to R. Burrell, 
Esq., Bury St. Edmunds, of a variety named West- 
ley Hall, being of fine appearance, but lacking in 
flavour. 
Vegetables also made a brave show. A Silver 
Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. Dobbie & 
Co., Orpington, Kent, for a collection that contained 
some very fine Onions, Leeks, Parsnips and Kales 
of various kinds. A like award was made to Mr. 
W. H. Divers, The Gardens, Belvoir Castle, for a 
nice collection of Celery shown by him. 
Mr. E. Becket, gardener to H. H. Gibbs, Esq., 
Aldenham House, Elstree, obtained the high award 
of a Silver Gilt Knightian Medal for a superb collec¬ 
tion of vegetables; Beetroot, Carrots, Parsnips, 
Leeks and Onions were of huge size and remarkably 
clean growth. These were ably supplemented by 
grand dishes of Tomatos, Runner Beans, Peas, 
Mushrooms, and Brussels Sprouts that bore evidence 
of really good culture. 
-- 
QUG$non$ ADD ADSOJGKS 
*,* Will our friends who send us newspapers he so good 
as to mark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall he greatly obliged by their so doing. 
Raising Pot Vines. — H. Griffin : When the eyes 
are well rooted you may shift them into 32-size 
pots; a larger shift will be required later on, accord¬ 
ing to the progress they have made. If you desire 
to grow them on quickly into larger size the house 
in which they are grown must be kept very warm 
and moist. Some growers of pot vines do advocate 
very rapid growth, but other well-known and reliable 
authorities do not believe in hurrying on the vines 
under exceptionally high temperatures, as it weakens 
the vines, and is therefore no advantage, even if you 
succeed in getting them large enough for planting 
out and for potting up. They cannot possibly be 
expected to attain sufficient size in one season to 
fruit the next. It is a better plan to cut them back 
at the end of the first year, and give them every 
opportunity for making good growth the second, 
after which they would be fit for fruiting in pots. 
You may, however, plant them out after one season’s 
growth provided you can give them favourable 
conditions as to soil, moisture, and light, the latter 
especially. It would be no advantage, however, to 
root up old Vines and plant young ones of one 
season’s growth from the eye. It would be better to 
grow them for two summers in pots, after which 
they would make rapid progress. 
Direction for span-roofed houses.— H. Griffin-. 
Span-roofed houses for fruit culture and the raising of 
most flowering plants should run north and south, 
so that the morning and afternoon sun may play 
equally on both sides during the course of the day. 
We do not consider that very sharp-roofed houses 
would be any special advantage in the cultivation of 
either fruit or flowers. The heated air accumulates 
there and that very rapidly, to the disadvantage of 
the plants. The ridge of the roof may be lower than 
an angle of 45 0 but certainly never above it. Very 
sharp ridged houses may be considered ornamental 
as conservatories, but beyond that there is no utility 
attached to them and certainly no advantage. As 
you mention vines and Tomatos, we suppose that 
you want a high roof to get length for the rods and 
stems ; but we think it would be advisable to add a 
little to the width of the house and so give sufficient 
length. Six feet is ample length of stem for Tomatos 
when planted out. 
Grubs on Carnations. —Troubled One : The grubs 
you send are not wireworms but the larvae of Daddy 
Longlegs, and generaly termed Leather Jackets on 
account of their tough skins. True wireworms are 
of some shade of yellow or almost orange, while those 
you send are slaty-gray. They are most troublesome 
in wet meadows and where much rank grass prevails. 
If any such herbage is near your flower borders or 
the garden generally, it should be cut with the 
scythe and burnt. This ought indeed to be done 
earlier in the year to prevent the laying of eggs from 
which the grubs hatch in damp weather during 
autumn. This would be a precaution for succeeding 
years. In the meantime, look over your Carnation 
beds and with the fingers or a wooden peg, 
scrape away the soil from the neck of the plant, 
removing and killing all the grubs which you find, 
This, although somewhat tedious, will lessen the evil 
considerably and probably save the remainder of 
your plants. 
Flowers in June. — Rubens : Habenaria flowers in 
June. State what plant you mean by crimson 
Sorrel. By red Stichwort we suppose you mean 
Spergularia rubra which flowers as early as June. 
Cuscuta commences to bloom in July. Polygonum 
Bistorta has its flowers in spikes. We have never heard 
Calceolaire used as the English name of Calceolaria. 
The earliest batches of Gloxinia and Petunia may be 
had in bloom before the time you state, and later 
batches continue to bloom till October. Pentsteraons 
come into bloom out of doors in July. Iberis 
umbellata and Ornithogalum umbellatum have their 
flowers in corymbs. Many plants have their 
flowers in racemes, including Wallflower, Hyacinth, 
Stocks, Laburnum, Everlasting Pea, Veronicas, 
Cytisus, Melilotus, Rose Bay or French Willow, 
Cabbage, Arabis, and many others. The word 
“ truss ” is not a botanical term but is popularly 
applied to Pelargoniums, Auriculas, Roses, and many 
other plants having their flowers in trusses. 
Names of Fruits.— W. Walker : 2, Alfriston ; 
4, Seckle ; 5. Beurre Diel; 7, D. Codlin— X. Y. Z. : 
3, Cellini; another was Blenheim Orange, but it, as 
other three, had lost their numbers through the 
smashing of the box in transit.— T. F. : Through 
accident or carelessness, the box was smashed in 
transit and the numbers all mixed up. 
Grub-eaten Apples. — Oban : The Apples sent 
were riddled through and through with larvae or 
grubs of some moth, which we should have ascribed 
to the Apple or Codlin Grub Moth, but the behaviour 
is somewhat different from the usual. The burrows 
are rather slender in places, but we think that, after 
all, a careful examination of several specimens would 
show that the mischief is caused by the Apple Grub 
(Carpocapsa pomonana.) It is very difficult to apply 
any effective remedy, but you can reduce the number 
of moths by collecting every Apple as soon as it falls 
and feed the pigs with the same or have fruit buried 
or burned so as to destroy the grubs in them. This 
should be done during July but more especially 
during August or September when the grub-eaten 
fruits are falling, and before the grubs have had time 
to leave them. After leaving the fruits they climb 
up the trees and form cocoons in crevices of the bark 
where they remain all the winter and change to 
moths in the following June. Besides the grubs 
destroyed in the fallen Apples you can destroy large 
numbers by trapping them. Twist some hay bands 
and tie round the trunk of the tree near the base so 
that when the grubs are crawling up to find shelter, 
they will be satisfied with the hay bands and lay up 
there. About once a fortnight you may collect the 
hay bands and burn them to destroy the grubs. 
Carefully examine the trunk of the tree where it was 
covered by the hay bands to pick off any grubs that 
may be there. Keep the rough bark, moss, lichens, 
and other material cleaned off the stems so as to 
leave no shelter for the grubs. The head of the 
trees should also be thinned out where at all crowded 
to admit air and light to the foliage and fruit. If all 
the neighbours in a district would act together 
in pursuing the destruction of the moth, its numbers 
would be greatly reduced, and the crops would give 
satisfaction in proportion as the moth gets reduced. 
The Upas Tree. — Winker : We are afraid you will 
not be able to get this tree outside of bolanic gardens. 
It may be seen in the Royal Gardens, Kew. It is 
certainly interesting owing to the legends attached to 
it, but it possesses no decorative value whatever. 
Stove heat, or at least an intermediate temperature, is 
necessary to enable it to make favourable growth. 
The leaves are somewhat similar in size and shape to 
those of a Pear tree, or are rather smaller, and 
covered with dirty brown hairs. Flowers we have 
never seen, but they are small and unimportant, as 
the tree belongs to the Nettle family. On the whole 
it is interesting but not beautiful. 
Names of Plants. — Thos. Mackie : Crab Apple 
John Downie.— D.D. : 1, Tacsonia Van Volxemii; 
2, Aster Novi-Belgii densus ; 3, Aster Amellus.— 
R. W. : 1, Selaginella Martensi variegata; 2, 
Asplenium Bellangeri ; 3, Asplenium bulbiferum; 
4, Asplenium bulbiferum minus, often called 
Asplenium Collensoi; 5, Aralia elegantissima.—■ 
W.T.: 1, Dracaena rubra; 2, Pteris scaberula ; 3, 
Platyloma rotundifolia.— G. H .: 1, Platanus orientalis 
acerifolia.— Lockerbie : 1, Ophiopogon Jaburan varie- 
gatus ; 2, Lomatia silaifolia ; 3, Selaginella Braunii; 
4, Polypodium plesiosorum appendiculatum ; 5, 
Cypripedium spicerianum ; 6, Oncidium flexuosum ; 
7, Calanthe vestita var. ; 8, Acalypha macafeeana. 
Weight of Onions. — C. J. W.; We saw the 
Onions in question, but did not ascertain their 
weight. We also know what the Daliy Telegraph 
said about them, but set it down as an error, what¬ 
ever way it may have arisen. The whole six 
probably weighed 17J pounds. On another table at 
the Royal Aquarium was a first prize lot of four 
Onions grown in England, and exhibited in Scotland, 
where they took the first prize ; collectively they 
weighed ten pounds. We have long been aware that 
these modern big Onions weigh about two pounds 
each, somewhat over or under that, according to the 
cultivator's success, climate, season, and district, &c 
A specimen of The Record Onion that came to our 
office in December, 1893 weighed 4J pounds. 
Communications received. —J. H. Veitch.—H. 
Briscoe-Ironside.—W. Napper.—R. K., Waltham.— 
Wm. Gardiner.—J. W.— L’Orchideenne.—R. J.— 
H. W. —T. M.—W. Atlee Burpee & Company. 
-- 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED- 
Damman & Co., San Giovanni, Teduccio, Naples. 
—Price list of Seeds of Vegetables, Flowers, Forage 
Plants, Conifers, Palms, &c. 
Louis Van Houtte, Pere, Royal Nurseries, 
Ghent, Belgium.—General Catalogue of Fruit Trees, 
Roses, Hardy Herbaceous Plants, &c. 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
October 15 th. 1895. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, and 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, report seed market 
without animation. Canadian Alsike is held for an 
advance of is. per cwt., and finest grades of White 
Clover are reported higher. Canary seed has 
advanced is. per qr. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
October 16th, 1895. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
t. d s. d . 
Apples.per bushel 1 030 
Nova Scotia Apples 
per barrel 
Cob Nuts and Fil¬ 
berts, per 100 lbs.35 0 40 0 
Cherries, half sieve 
Currants, Black...halt 
sieve 
Currants Red... half 
sieve 
S, d . j, d 
Grapes, per lb.06 16 
Pine-apples. 
—St. Mlobael's each 26 60 
Plums per half sieve 16 26 
Strawberries . 
Peaches.per doz. 10 60 
Tasmanian Apples, 
per case 
Vegetables.—A.’erage Retail Prices 
1. d . 1 . d . 
ArtlchokesGIobedoz. 30 60 
Asparagus,per bundle 
Beans, French, perlb. 0 4 
Beet.per dozen 20 30 
Cabbages ... per doz. 3040 
Carrots ... per bunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers.doz. 30 60 
Celery.per bundle 16 20 
Cucumbers .each 03 06 
Endive, French, djz. 26 30 
Herbs .per bunch 0 2 06 
J. d . s. d 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Lettuces ...per dozen 2 0 
Mushrooms, p. basket 10 16 
Onions.per bunoh 04 06 
Parsley ... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Seakale...per basket 
Smallsalading,punnet 0 4 
Spinach .per lb. 0 6 
Tomatos. per lb. o 6 
Turnips.per bun. 0 6 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d . 
Asters (English) doz. 
bunches. 4 o 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms. 3 0 
Asparagus Fern, bun. 2 0 
Bouvardlas, per bun. 0 6 
Carnations doz.blms. 1 6 
Chrysanthemums 
doz. blms. 1 o 
Chrysanthemums 
doz. bchs. 3 o 
Euoharls ...per doz 2 o 
Gardenias ...per doz. 2 0 
Geranium, scarlet, 
doz. bunches 4 0 
Lilium lancifolium 
per doz. 1 0 
Lilium longlflorrm 
per doz. 3 o 
Lily ot the Valley, 
doz. sprays 1 o 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 1 6 
MaiienhalrFern,i2bs. 4 0 
S. d S. p s . d 
Orchids, doz. blooms 1 6 12 0 
8 o Pelargoniums,12 bun. 40 80 
6 0 Primula, double, doz. 
3 0 sprays 06 09 
1 0 Pyrethrum doz. bun. 2040 
2 0 Roses (indoor), doz. 06 10 
„ Tea,white, doz. 10 20 
6 0 ,•, Niels . 30 60 
,, Yellow, doz. ... 2 0 30 
60 ,, Safrano 
3 0 (English), doz. ...10 20 
3 o Red Roses.0 910 
Pink Roses .1 020 
6 o Roses,mixed,doz.bhs. 40 90 
Smilax, per bunch ... 2 0 40 
2 6 Stephanotis, doz. 
sprays .30 40 
6 0 Tuberoses, doz. 
blooms.02 04 
2 6 1 Violets, doz. buuches 16 20 
3 0 
6 0 | 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices 
1 . d . 1 . d . 
Aibor Vitae (golden) 
per doz. 6 0 12 0 
Aspidistra, doz. 18 0 36 o 
,, specimen 30 50 
Asters .per dozen 30 60 
Chrysansthemums 
doz. pots 40 90 
Chrysanthemums 
single plants 1 6 20 
Coleus.per dozen 26 40 
Cyclamen, per doz ...9 o 15 o 
Dtacaena, various, 
per doz. 12 0 30 0 
Dracaena vlridls.doz. 9 0 18 0 
Erica,various,per doz.6 o 18 o 
Euonymus, var. doz. 6 0 18 0 
Evergreens,Invar.doz 6 0 24 0 
1. d . t . d 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 0 18 0 
Ferns, small, per 100 40 60 
Ficus elastica, each 10 50 
Foliage Plants, var., 
each 10 50 
Heliotrope, per doz. 40 60 
Liliums, various. g 0 18 o 
Lycopodiums, doz. 30 40 
Margueyte Daisy doz 6 0 12 0 
Myrtles, doz. 60 90 
Palms in variety,each 1 0 15 0 
Palms, Specimen ...21 0 63 0 
Solanum, per doz. ...8 0 15 0 
Parme Violet (French) 
per bunch 36 46 
White Lilac (French) 
per bunch 4050 
OOITTEITTS. 
PAGE 
Aberdeen Way.105 
Agapanthus .105 
Amateurs, Hints lor .iofc< 
Birkenhead Gardeners’ 
Association .104 
Books, Notices of .m 
Cattleya Leopold II.106 
Cauliflower, a Giant.m 
Crab Apple Jelly . hi 
Cypripedium concolawre 106 
Dendrobium nobile can- 
didulum.106 
Fuchsia globosa.112 
Gardening Miscellany . hi 
Green Tomatos ..111 
Herbaceous Plants at Kew, 
A list of .in 
Magnolia Watsoni.112 
Oncidium ornithorhyn- 
chum .106 
PAGE 
Orchid Notes and Glean¬ 
ings .106 
Phaius maculatus .ic6 
Pink Ernest Ladhams.in 
Plant Houses, the.106 
Plants recently certificatedio6 
Poisonous Peas .107 
Purbeck House, Swanage no 
Rivers & Son, Messrs. 
Thomas.109 
Royal Horticultural .112 
Schomburgkia Humboldtiiio6 
Science Gleanings.107 
Scottish Horticultural.104 
Selaginella helvetica.112 
Societies .112 
Solomon's Seal .in 
Tree, a fire-resisting.107 
True Blue, where is? .103 
Winter Moth, the .112 
