October 26, 1895. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
129 
laneous groups of vegetables were most praise¬ 
worthy, and received awards of merit from the 
Surrey County Council for the excellence of culture 
manifested. Amongst the gentlemen so honoured 
were Messrs. J. G. Miller, Beddington Corner, Mr. 
James Davis, gardener to F, Barton, Esq., Walling- 
ton, and Mr. G. W. Cummins, gardener to A. H. 
Smee, Esq., The Grange, Carshalton. 
Hardy Fruits. —Too much can scarcely be said 
in praise of the exhibits of hardy fruit that were 
forthcoming, the size and colour displayed through¬ 
out being remarkable. One large table was filled 
with first-class exhibits from private gardeners, a 
fine collection sent by A. H. Smee, Esq., being 
specially conspicuous, and worthy of all praise. 
On another large table various nurserymen dis¬ 
played a large number of dishes of Apples and 
Pears. Mr. George Bunyard, Maidstone, had a 
truly magnificent collection, and one well worth the 
journey to see. Such well-known fruit growers as 
Messrs. J. Cheal & Sons, Crawley, Sussex, and 
Messrs. John Peed & Sons, Streatham, also exhibited 
some splendid material. 
Potitos.— One of the chief features~of the show 
was the number of potatos exhibited. Over 200 
dishes were forthcoming, being the result of trials 
conducted on various soils, samples of which, to¬ 
gether with a minute description of the situation, 
depth, quality, whether manured or not, and the 
crop grown upon them immediately previous to the 
potatos were tabulated. A series of object lessons 
was thus obtained that can scarcely fail to be of the 
utmost service to cultivators of the popular and 
important tuber. Not only was the special 
behaviour of each variety on different soils demon¬ 
strated, but a tuber from each dish was subjected 
to the ultimate trial of cooking, which, apart from 
shape, size, weight and cleanness of growth must 
ever be a most important item in the list of qualifi¬ 
cations a good potato should possess 
A result of the trial of artificial manures as carried 
on at Richmond during the recent summer was dis¬ 
played together with samples of the tubers resulting. 
The total weights of potatos obtained from seven 
rows, four varieties being experimented with, was as 
under :— 
Magnum Bonum. 296 lbs. 
Chancellor .320 „ 
Renown.259 ,, 
White Perfection. 273 ,, 
These respective weights were due to the heavy 
cropping character of the varieties. Combined 
results of one set of four rows under the influence 
of different manures was stated to be :— 
No manure . 154 lbs. 
Nitrate of Soda . 164 ,, 
Sulphate of Ammonia.172 ,, 
A.I. Potato manure . 173 ,, 
Nitrateof Soda and Superphosphates 167 ,, 
Nitrate of Soda and Kamit .. .. 171 ,, 
Kainit and Superphosphates .. .. 166 ,, 
It will be seen that the difference between the 
weight of the tubers obtained from the highest 
manured rows and the lowest is but 9 lbs. The 
application of manure gives fully 14 lbs. more 
potatos on the four rows than would have been 
obtained had none been given, although the difference 
would have been more marked had the summer been 
moister. 
-- 
OBITUARY. 
We regret to announce the death of Mr. James 
Crispin, which took place at his residence at Fish¬ 
ponds, Bristol, on the morning of the 14th inst. 
Born at Mells, near Frome, Mr. Crispin went to 
Bristol as a young man, and after serving some years 
as a mechanic he started business on his own account 
as a horticultural engineer about the year 1870. He 
commenced in Ashley Vale and afterwards removed 
to premises in Milk Street. The business developed 
rapidly and eventually the present extensive premises 
in Nelson Street were secured. Mr. Crispin also took 
a warm interest in horticulture, and about ten years 
ago he devoted his attention to Orchid culture and 
he possessed perhaps the finest collection of Orchids 
in the West of England. He has been a frequent 
exhibitor at horticultural exhibitions,, and in addition 
to other prizes he secured four Banksian medals of 
the Royal Horticultural Society, of which about five 
years ago he was elected a fellow. Mr. Crispin, took 
a warm interest in religious matters. He was 
attached to the Primitive Methodist connection, and 
frequently occupied the pulpit at some of the chapels. 
He gave liberally but unostentatiously, and many 
organisations have benefited by his aid. Mr. 
Crispin’s illness commenced about three years ago, 
and he recently had to undergo an operation which 
only afforded temporary relief. The deceased leaves 
two sons, who were partners in the business, and 
who will now take charge of and carry it on. 
-- 
Questions aqd snsraeRS 
*,* Will our friends who send us newspapers he so good 
as to inark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall he greatly obliged by their so doing. 
Various. —Rubens ; Callirhoe, Calandrinia, Cru- 
cianella, and Godetia would be in flower by the time 
you mention in ordinary seasons; and Calliopsis 
might be had in bloom by sowing it in autumn. 
Several of the species of Chironia would also be in 
bloom, and some of them even at an earlier date; 
likewise some of the Gesneras. Erythraea Cen- 
taurium commences blooming in June. The others 
you mention do not commence till July as a rule. 
Epilobium angustifolium is Rose-bay or French 
Willow ; Anthurium Scherzerianum is the Flamingo 
Plant; you may speak of Viscaria cardinalis as 
Scarlet Campion ; Epiphyllum has no English name. 
It would not be correct to speak of flowers " break¬ 
ing ” unless you add some other qualifying word to 
indicate what you mean. Oxalis darwalliana is 
Darwall’s Wood Sorrel or Darwall’s Oxalis. It 
flowers in July. 
Wirewcrms. — J. W. : In spots much infested by 
this pest there are various methods of procedure, 
but the most effectual methods are rather slow ones. 
A wholesale remedy has yet to be found, notwith¬ 
standing the many that are put forward by various 
writers. Get some pieces of Carrot or Potatos cut 
in half, push a pointed stick into them, and bury 
them in the soil about 2 in. or 3 in. below the sur¬ 
face, and in the vicinity of infested plants. Examine 
your traps every morning or every second day to 
remove the wireworms that bore into the Carrots 
and Potato traps. You might also lay down pieces 
of fat meat near their haunts, and cover the meat 
with a board or piece of slate slightly elevated from 
the ground with small stones. This covering merely 
protects the meat from cats or other animals. 
Examine these traps frequently to catch and destroy 
the wireworms that come to feed. 
Names of Plants. — W. A. W.: i, Blechnum 
occidentale; 2, Polypodium subauriculatum Rein- 
wardtii; 3, Saponaria officinalis flore pleno; 4, 
Crocosmia aurea; 5, Hesperis matronalis alba. 
Fern Fronds : 1, Nephrodium spinulosum ; 1, Asple- 
nium (Athyrium) Filix-foemina (red-petioled variety); 
3, Nephrodium spinulosum or a slight variety of it; 
4 and 5, Nephrodium spinulosum dilatatum.— W. A.: 
1, Oncidium tigrinum ; 2, Odontoglossum crispum 
guttatum ; 3, Cattleya labiata var. ; 4, Cypripedium 
Curtisii. — J. L. : i, Helianthus orgyalis ; 2, Euony- 
mus europaeus. 
Spiny Plant.— R. A'., Waltham: The specimen 
you sent was a very fine one of its kind. It is a 
native of South Europe, from whence it was intro¬ 
duced in 1713, but does not seem to be cultivated at 
the present day. It may be reckoned hardy, but is 
only an annual, and dies after producing seeds. Our 
climate is scarcely warm enough in most years to 
enable it to make growth and ripen seeds before 
winter. To do this we fancy it would have to be 
reared under glass, and planted out like the halt 
hardy annuals. Seedlings come up accidently as it 
were in waste places. We ourselves picked it up 
last year, and this in Kent. The botanical name of 
it is Xanthium spinosum, and the English one 
Spiny Burdock. 
Cypress for a Cemetery.— Omega : The species 
you most often hear about in southern Continental 
cemeteries is Cupressus sempervirens. You may 
plant that or Cupressus macrocarpa. Moreover, a 
number of different kinds are grown in this country, 
including Cupressus nutkaensis, Thuya gigantea, 
Juniperus chinensis, and J. communis suecica. The 
three latter, though not Cypresses are equally suit¬ 
able, and quite as ornamental and interesting. 
Outside Thermometer.— Omega : About 3 ft. 
from the ground is the usual height at which the 
thermometer is placed to ascertain the temperature 
of the open air. There is really no fixed height, 
however, for it is varied considerably by different 
observers. The custom is to state whether the ther¬ 
mometer is suspended at 3 ft. or 4 ft. from the 
ground, or on a level with the grass, for the tempera¬ 
ture varies in each case. By thus stating the height 
at which the instrument is suspended your informa¬ 
tion would be more exact, if you wished to 
communicate with others concerning the same. 
Names of Fruit.— A.C.: Both fruits were those 
of the Marie Louise Pear.— N. McF. : 1, Marie 
Louise; 2, rotten ; 3, wizened, not determinable. 
Book on Mycology.— C. B. G : We are not quite 
sure if we understand exactly what you mean by a 
book on mycology. There are several that might 
come under this designation, but they have been 
written with various objects in view. There is a 
very good one entitled British Edible Fungi, by M. C. 
Cooke, M.A., published by Kegan Paul, Trench, 
Truebner & Co. Ltd., Charing Cross Road, and 
which we think would suit your requirements. It 
contains popular descriptions of the edible fungi 
and twelve coloured plates representing many species. 
By its aid you should be able to distinguish between 
the Mushrooms and Toadstools without the expense 
and danger of first tasting in order to decide. It 
contains many cautions, like the physic bottle, which 
says, “ before taken to be well shaken.” There is 
another book by the same author, namely. Fungi: 
Their Nature, Influences, Uses, etc., and we believe 
either may be had for 5s. 
Communications Received. —J. Spriggs.—J. 
Carter & Co.—R. Owen.—-Fiat Lux.—W. Shrives.— 
G. Tutton.—J. -H. Virgo.—W. J. Godfrey.—A. C.— 
W. J., G — H. A.—T. W.—Alex. Thom.—A. S.— 
Pathfinder.—C. Williams. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED- 
Dicksons Limited, The Nurseries, Chester.— • 
Forest Trees, Ornamental Trees, Evergreens, &c. 
Frederick Roemer, Quedlinburg, Germany. — 
List of Novelties in Flower Seeds for 1896. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
October zyrd, 1895. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
1. d s. i . 
Apples.per bushel 10 30 
Nova Scotia Apples 
per barrel 
Cob Nuts and Fil¬ 
berts, per too lbs 35 0 40 o 
Cherries, half sieve 
Currants, Black...hall 
sieve 
Currants Red... half 
sieve 
Vegetables.—Averac 
1. d . 1 . d . 
ArtlchokesGlobedoz. 30 60 
Asparagus,per bundle 
Beans, French, perlb. 0 4 
Beet.per dozen 20 30 
Cabbages ... per doz. 3040 
Carrots ... per bunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers.doz. 30 60 
Celery.per burdls 16 20 
Cucumbers .each 03 06 
Endive, French, doz. 26 30 
Herbs .per bunch 02 06 
J. d . s. d 
Grapes, per lb.06 16 
Pine-apples. 
—St. Michael's each 26 60 
Plums per half sieve 16 26 
Strawberries . 
Peaches.per doz. 10 60 
Tasmanian Apples, 
per case 
e Wholesale Prices 
1 . d . s . d 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Lettuces ...per dozen 2 0 
Mushrooms, p. basket 10 16 
Onions.per bunoh 04 06 
Parsley ... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Seakale...per basket 
Smallsaladlng,punnet 0 4 
Spinach .per lb. 0 6 
Tomatos. per lb. 0 6 
Turnips.per bun. 0 6 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
j. d . 
Arnm Lilies, I2blms, 3 0 
Asparagus Fern, bun. 2 0 
Bouvardias, per bun. 0 6 
Carnations doz.blms. 1 6 
Chrysanthemums 
doz. blms. 1 o 
Chrysanthemums 
doz. bchs. 3 o 
Euoharls ...per doz 3 o 
Gardentas ...per doz. 2 0 
Geranium, scarlet, 
doz. bunches 4 0 
Lilium lancifolium 
per doz. 1 0 
LUlum longiflorr-m 
per doz. 3 0 
Lily ot the Valley, 
doz. sprays 1 o 
Marguerites. 12 bun. 1 6 
MaidenualrFern,i2bs.4 0 
Orchids, doz. blooms 1 6 
Pelargoniums,12 bun. 4 o 
s. d s . d . s . d 
6 0 Parme Violet (French) 
o per bunch 30 46 
0 Primula, double, doz. 
0 sprays 0 6 
Pyrethrum doz. bun. 2 0 
Roses (indoor), doz. 1 0 
„ Tea,white, doz. 1 6 
„ Niels . 3 0 
,, Yellow, doz. ... 2 0 
,, Safrano 
(English), doz. ... 2 0 26 
Red Roses.0 910 
I Pink Roses .1 o 2 o 
6 Roses,mixed.doz.bhs. 4090 
I Smilax, per bunch ...20 40 
Stephanotis, doz. 
sprays .30 40 
Tuberoses, doz. 
blooms ... ...02 04 
Violets, doz. bunches 16 20 
White Lilac (French) 
per bunch 3650 
3 
1 
3 
6 o 
6 o 
5 o 
3 0 
6 0 
6 0 
2 6 
3 0 
6 0 
12 0 
8 0 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices 
1. d . 1 . d . 
Atbor Vitae (golden) 
per doz. 6 0 12 0 
Aspidistra, doz. 18 o 36 o 
,, specimen 30 50 
Chrysansthemums 
doz. pots 40 90 
Chrysanthemums 
single plants 16 20 
Coleus.per dozen 26 40 
Cyclamen, per doz ...9 o 15 o 
Diacaena, various, 
per doz. 12 0 30 o 
Dracaena virldis,doz. 90180 
Erica,various,per doz.9 0 24 0 
I . d . ,. d 
Euonymus, var. doz. 6 o 18 0 
Evergreens,lnvar.doz 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 0 18 0 
Ferus, small, per 100 40 60 
Ficus elastica, each 10 50 
Foliage Plants, var., 
each 10 50 
Liliums, various doz. 18 o 30 o 
Lycopodiums, doz. 30 40 
Marguerite Daisy doz 6 0 12 o 
Myrtles, doz. 60 90 
Palms in variety,each 1 o 15 0 
Palms, Specimen ...21 0 63 0 
Solanum, per doz. ...8 0150 
OONTEITTS. 
PAGE 
Amateurs, Hints for .124 
Barron, Mr. A. F., National 
Testimonial to.121 
Books. Notices of .127 
Carshalton. Beddington & 
Wallington.128 
Chrysanthemum Notes, 
Chelsea .127 
Coichicum, double white...127 
Crispin, Mr. James, death 
of . 129 
Devon and Exeter 
Gardeners’ Association, 128 
Dutch Horticultural and 
Botanical Society .120 
Fruit as Food.126 
Fruit under Glass .122 
Fruits of the Wayside and 
Hedges .119 
Fuchsia macrostemma.127 
Gardening Miscellany .127 
Garlic, a plague of .123 
Hardy Fruit Garden .122 
Kitchen Garden, the .121 
PAGE 
Messrs. Cutbush & Sons’ 
Highgate Nurseries.121 
Mignonette, a graceful.127 
Montbreties .121 
National Chrysanthemum 
Society.121 
Orchid Houses, the..122 
Orchid Notes and Glean¬ 
ings . 123 
Parsnip Disease .127 
Pear, a huge.120 
Plants recently certificatedr22 
Rosa indica sanguinea .127 
Rose, Marechal Niel .123 
Royal Horticultural Bene¬ 
fit and Provident Societyi25 
Rudbeckia speciosa .127 
Societies .128 
Terrestrial life, origin of ...123 
Trees and Shrubs at Oxfordi2<5 
Ware's Gold Medal Be¬ 
gonias .126 
Winter Moth, the .127 
Hardy Ornamental Flowering Trees and Shrubs, by 
A. D. Webster. A valuable guide to planters of beautiful 
trees and shrubs for the adornment of parks and gardens. 
Price, 3s.; post free, 3s. 3d. Publisher, Gardening World, 
1, Clement’s Inn, Strand, London, W.C. 
