November 16, 1895. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
173 
spoon to stir it with. At the end of two or three 
months you will have a sweet-scented mass ready to 
fill any number of Japanese Rose jars. From time 
to time throw in any Roses that you may have to 
spare. There is a number of other recipes, but 
the one described above is undoubtedly the best of 
them. 
The Rose Carnival at Santa Clara, California, to 
be held from the sixth to the ninth of May, inclu¬ 
sive, next year, is to be made the finest ever given. 
Chrysanthemums at the Aquarium—We are 
informed that Mr. W. J. Godfrey, Exmouth, Devon, 
had magnificent blooms of Mrs. Hume Long, Gold 
Dent, Mrs. W. J. Gupy, Miss Bryce, and Mutual 
Friend in his collection at the Royal Aquarium on 
the 5th, oth and 7th inst. Some of these were of his 
own raising. He also had two large vases of the 
new American, Clinton Chalfant, the best decorative 
variety in the show. 
Liverpool Horticultural Association.—The first of 
the winter series of lectures under the auspices of 
this Society was delivered on the 6th inst. in the Free 
Library, William Brown Street, by Mr. R. Wilson 
Ker, under the presidency of Mr. Thomas White, 
Chairman of the Association. The audience was the 
largest known for several years, and it undoubtedly 
thoroughly appreciated the subject of “ Holland and 
the Bulb Growers,” illustrated with instructive lime¬ 
light views. The subject in the able hands of the 
lecturer, who has been a constant visitor, and there¬ 
fore able to give information first hand, proved of 
much interest to the gardener, amateur and pro¬ 
fessional. A hearty vote of thanks was tendered to 
Mr. Ker for his excellent lecture. 
Chrysanthemums at Tooting.—The Tooting and 
Merton Ahbey Chrysanthemum Society’s annual 
exhibition, held at the Vestry Hall, Tooting, was an 
exceptionally good, neat and effective one, the groups 
shown and the cut blooms being of a high order of 
merit. There were also numerous competitive ex¬ 
hibits of other plants, table decorations, and a grand 
display of vegetables, some of which, brought by 
cottagers, were of unusual size and excellence. 
First prizes were awarded to Mr. H. Buckett for a 
charming group set up for effect and for weight; Mr. 
J. Carpenter, for four extremely good trained plants 
and three trained pompons; Messrs. Mitchell, 
Pritchard, and Wright for superior plants in minor 
classes ; Mr. J. Eade, for the best twelve Japanese 
and twelve incurved in one exhibit, with exceptionally 
good blooms ; and Messrs. Eade, Perks, Carpenter, 
Cove, Wright, and Whiteside for exhibits in a variety 
of classes. Amongst vegetables premier awards fell 
to Messrs. Buckett, Clark, Heavens, Pritchard, 
Thatcher, and Clark. Messrs. Roberts Brothers 
staged an effective display of Helichrysums, &c., 
which were greatly admired. 
Birmingham Gardeners.—At the fortnightly meet¬ 
ing of the Birmingham Gardeners’ Mutual Improve¬ 
ment Association, held at the Athletic Institute, John 
Bright Street, on the 4th inst., Mr. W. B. Latham 
in the chair, Mr. John Pope, F.R.H.S., read a most 
interesting essay on “ Bulb Culture, including Lilies, 
Amaryllis, &c.,” with the intention to provoke 
among the members present an after discussion from 
a practical point of view. The essayist, in addition 
to his interesting references to the history of, 
particularly, the Hyacinth, Tulip, and Amaryllis 
(properly Hippeastrum) in their order of sequence, 
dealt with the culture of these plants in Holland, 
of which he had gleaned some little information and 
ocular demonstration when on periodical visits there 
from the cultivators, and also from his personal 
experience at home. The discussion which ensued 
proved to be of a very enjoyable and instructive 
character, especially with regard to the root economy 
of the Japanese species of Lilies as cultivated here. 
Allusion was also made to the king of Lilies (Lilium 
giganteum), a native of the Himalayas, the flowering 
stem of which has been grown to the height of at 
least 12ft. in our own country. Reference was 
further made to the outdoor culture in the neigh¬ 
bourhood of Birmingham of various Lilies and 
Narcissi. The members who took part in the dis¬ 
cussion included Messrs. Latham, Spinks, Bick, 
Deans, Gardiner, Jones and Crook. Hearty thanks 
were accorded to Mr. Pope for his entertaining and 
practical address. 
Owing to the pressure on our space some reports of 
Chrysanthemum shows are unavoidably held over 
till next week. 
Mr. William Coomber.—The council of the Royal 
Botanic Society having decided to dispense with the 
services of a garden superintendent, Mr. Coomber 
will therefore be open to a re-engagement. 
Mr. D. Bliss, late sub-foreman, in charge of the 
Orchids at Kew, has been engaged by John 
Tremayne, Esq., as foreman in the gardens at 
Heligan, St. Austell, Cornwall. 
Mr. Newton, who has been gardener for twenty-five 
years to the Honourable Society of the Inner 
Temple, is about to retire. We may again remind 
our readers that the Temple Chrysanthemum Show 
is now a thing of the past. 
National Chrysanthemum Society.—The annual 
dinner and presentation of prizes will take place at 
Anderton's Hotel, Fleet Street, E.C., on Wednesday, 
November 27th, at 6.30 p.m. Sir Edwin Saunders, 
F.R.C.S., President, will take the chair. 
“Journal of Malacology.”—This periodical was 
originally established in 1890 by Walter E. Collinge 
as ‘ The Conchologist, a Journal of Malacology,” but 
the latter is now its title, and it is edited by Wilfred 
Mark Webb, Esq., F.L.S., of the Technical Labora¬ 
tories, Chelmsford, Essex, and by Walter E. Col¬ 
linge, Esq., F.Z.S., Mason College, Birmingham, 
with the assistance of several other specialists. 
Malacology is the science which relates to the 
structure and habits of mollusks, and the journal 
(which is freely illustrated) deals with all kinds of 
shells, fresh water and marine, including snails. The 
gardener is most interested in the latter, or at least 
in the speediest and most effectual methods of 
destroying them. There is a genus of land snails, 
however, the members of which are the gardeners' 
friends, inasmuch as they are carnivorous, and not 
vegetable feeders. On p. 89 we illustrated one of 
them, namely, Testacella scutulum. Mr. Webb is 
now engaged in the study of the distribution of the 
species in the British Isles, and other facts relating 
to their history, which have not been sufficiently 
investigated, and would be pleased to receive speci¬ 
mens at Holmesdale, Brentwood, Essex; so that 
gardeners who may find in their digging operations 
any of these yellow snails with the small shell on 
their tail end would confer an obligation on Mr. 
Webb by sending specimens. 
Scottish Horticultural Association.—A meeting of 
the Scottish Horticultural Association was held on 
the 5th inst., at 5, St. Andrew Square—Mr. R. W. 
E. Murray, Blackford House, the president, in the 
chair. There was a good attendance of members. 
Mr. Robert Laird, the honorary secretary, read a 
communication by Mr. James Day, Galloway House, 
Garliestown, on *' The Pear." Mr. Day pointed out 
in his general remarks that, with the exception of 
the Apple, no hardy fruit was more popular than was 
the Pear, as it was available at a season when 
choice fruits were limited, for it might be had, both 
for dessert and for culinary use, from July until 
March, or even later. Many of the best and most 
highly prized varieties came originally from France 
and Belgium, where they, owing to scientific culture 
and a warm climate, grew to great size and, as far 
as apppearances went, to great perfection. Although, 
however, growers here could not in average seasons 
produce such showy specimens as might be produced 
in France, Belgium, and the Channel Islands, yet 
none of these could compare for flavour with the 
Pears ripened under favourable circumstances in 
this country. The best position for Pear trees 
planted in the garden and the orchard was a gentle 
slope to the south or to the south-west; and protec¬ 
tion by way of plantations of trees should be 
provided on the north and east sides to ward off the 
cold winds of spring. In order to bring the best 
Pears to perfection in this country, walls were 
necessary; and these were best built of brick, and 
fitted with a coping projecting several inches, to 
protect the trees from wet and frost. The soil best 
suited to the Pear was a sound loam, rather inclined 
to be heavy than otherwise, and not less than 
twenty-four inches in depth, resting upon a dry 
subsoil. If the natural drainage was not sufficient 
to carry off the surplus water, the ground must be 
drained artificially, as the Pear would not thrive 
with stagnant water about its roots. Mr. Day went 
on to treat the subject in its more technical aspects, 
offering many practical suggestions in regard to 
planting, pruning, and in regard to the most valu¬ 
able varieties to cultivate. An interesting discussion 
followed the reading of the paper, for which Mr. 
Day was given a vote of thanks. 
An Innovation.—Busy as High Street, Lewisham, 
is at all times, it never was in such an excited and 
crowded condition as it has been since last Friday, 
through the appearance of a novel exhibit appearing 
in one of the windows of Messrs. Cheeseman Bros., 
Drapers, &c. The thousands of people who daily 
pass by the huge establishment of this firm are 
attracted by the sight of crowds which would not 
stop to see an ordinary display of silks and satins, 
hence the “ move on ” and “ keep clear, please ” of 
the policemen, cause them to wonder what the 
speciality is ; and whilst waiting to get near the win¬ 
dow the comments passed by their more fortunate 
neighbours, coupled with the sight of extra business 
done by the flower sellers, who operate close by, 
make them imagine that flowers are on view. And 
flowers they are, not artificial ones, as might be 
supposed, but the identical pots, plants, and 
flowers that have just won for Mr. H. J. Jones, of 
Ryecroft Nursery, the Gold Medal at the National 
Chrysanthemum Society’s grand November Show. 
The " Sun” burners in the ceiling showed a lovely 
light through charming festoons of art muslin upon 
the gorgeous assemblage of “ mums,” and set off to 
advantage the magnificent clock presented by Sir 
Edwin Saunders (president), to Mr. Jones. This was 
placed on a central pedestal, gracefully draped with 
green plush, whilst in the background appeared a 
card bearing a cordial invitation for anybody to in¬ 
spect the exhibition of Chrysanthemums on view at 
the Nursery, from whence the collection was taken— 
a walk of about ten minutes’ duration. Needless to 
say, the public responded very heartily, and then 
feasted to repletion their sense of the beautiful, 
whilst the coffers of the Gardeners' Royal Orphan 
Fund will be greatly benefited, for instead of an 
entrance fee, a donation was requested for this 
worthy charity, and the red boxes were much in 
evidence too. Thus one readily arrived at the con¬ 
clusion that Mr. H. J. Jones was not only a good 
cultivator of the Chrysanthemum, but that he had 
the goodness and largeness of heart to further the 
interests of a well-loved philanthropic object, and 
increasing the Londoners’ admiration for things of 
beauty, without the mercenary motive of making 
everything for himself.— Gus. 
-- 
NEW PANSIES INTRODUCED IN 1895. 
In reviewing the past season, perhaps it would not 
be inappropriate to give a selection of the best fancy 
Pansies introduced for the first time by the various 
growers last spring. Over fifty distinct varieties 
have been catalogued, and for any young Pansy 
grower to make a selection it would be difficult as 
well as impossible to pick the best kinds without 
assistance. The following are the names of twelve 
varieties which have appeared most frequently on 
winning stands. They are all varieties of tested 
merit, and should be had by every Pansy grower, 
desirous of keeping his collection up to the times. 
Bernard Doulton is a large flower with dark 
crimson blotches, belted carmiife and yellow. Miss 
Stirling has dark glossy blotches with cream- 
coloured edging. Very finely coloured is Mrs. J. 
Smellie with rich velvety blotches, edged yellow. 
Constance Steel is laced white and has circular, 
clean-cut blotches : it is considered by many to be an 
improvement on Agnes Mabel. John H. Thornley 
has deep blue blotches with the upper petals shading 
off to white. D. G. McKay is a bright crimson, 
with rich dark blotches. Quite distinct in its way is 
Maggie Bell, with dense dark blotches, and the top 
petals purple and white. David Russell is a yellow 
self with dense dark blotches. David Douglas has 
dark finely formed blotches ; upper petals slightly 
tinged with rose. Quite a distinct type is George 
Stewart, with chocolate blotches, edged yellow and 
crimson. Mrs. McGibbon is a large flower of fine 
form, with dark purple blotches and the top petals 
dark violet. Amy Dey has purple blotches with a 
broad edge of pure white, and top petals purple ; it 
is a medium-sized flower with fine form and texture. 
These fancy Pansies are all fine exhibition varieties 
and will greatly enhance any collection. In another 
issue I may give a selection of the older varieties -- 
K. L. [Please do.—E d.] 
