630 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
May 80, 1896. 
The forms are very much intercrossed with the 
Pansy, and, in fact, many of the so-called Violas are 
merely Pansies that have been selected for bedding 
purposes on account of their more continuous 
flowering. If you have any difficulty in grasping the 
main lines of difference, we shall be pleased to help 
you further when we have more space at command. 
The Sweet Violet has never been truly crossed with 
any other. Neither have any of the other Violets 
been crossed. The Viola is simply a garden name 
for a certain race of garden forms. 
Imported Orchids.— Pharic : 7, Vanda caerulea, 
probably; 5 and 8 belong to Aerides or allied 
genera; 9. Nerium Oleander. With the exception 
of the last named, it would be a futile and thank¬ 
less task to attempt naming small and leafless pieces 
of imported Orchids. It can only be guesswork at 
the best and unsatisfactory even then. Send flowers 
when the plants come into bloom and we shall help 
ycu. The leaves form only a secondary guide to 
identification. 
Symphytum with blue flowers.— Sigma : The 
plants you mention form part 0 Jan old plantation of 
Symphytum asperrimum, in vogue a few years ago 
as a very productive fodder plant, but again almost 
forgotten and neglected—certainly so in the waste 
garden ground where you noted it. 
Magnolia Umbrella.— Sigma : The word umbrella 
is derived from umbra a shade, of which it is the 
diminutive. We have a similar derivation in 
Clarkia pulchella, the latter word being derived from 
pulcher, beautiful. Magnolia Umbrella was so called, 
according to Michaux, because the large leaves are 
often disposed in rays at the extremity of vigorous 
shoots, and display a surface of 2jft. in diameter, 
in the form of an umbrella. The French names 
of the tree have the same meaning. 
Red and White Hawthorn.— R. T. : Red and 
white or pink and white flowers upon the same tree 
are fairly common. We noted a few trusses of red 
flowers on a tree of a white variety more than twenty 
years ago ; and other observers have noted a similar 
occurrence. We have never seen such a variety of 
colour on the same tree as yours has produced. We 
presume from the specimens sent us that the tree 
normally produces red flowers, and that all the others 
are sports from it, growing as the trusses do in close 
promixity to one another upon the same slender 
twigs. We noted that there were trusses bearing 
flowers of two slightly different shades of red ; also 
rosy-pink, blush and white, the two latter having red 
anthers. We should say this number of colours upon 
the same tree is uncommon. 
Names of Plants.— F. H. : 1, Antirrhinum 
Asarina; 2, Erigeron philadelphicus; 3, Fuchsia 
procumbens; 4, Gipsophyla cerastioides.— R.Hether- 
ington : :, Laelia purpurata (a pretty light-coloured 
variety, and would have been more valuable if the 
petals had been pure white); 2, Cypripedium 
chamberlainianum (a good variety but a small 
flower); 3, Pulmonaria saccharata var.; 4. Anchusa 
sempeivirens.— R. J. : 1, Cattleya Mendelii (a good 
variety); 2. Odontoglossum harryanum ; 3, Odonto- 
glossum Pescatorei; 4, Lycaste Skinneri; 5, 
Oncidium kramerianum.— T. R. : 1, Trollius euro- 
paeus ; 2, Laburnum Adami; 3, Berberis stenophylla; 
4, Viburnum Opulus ; Jasminum humile. J.A. IV. : 
1, Erysimum ochroleucum ; 2, Polentilla Tormen- 
tilla.— Hampton : 1, The Gentian-like Speedwell 
(Veronica gentianoides) ; 2, Evergreen Laburnum 
(Piptanthus nepalensis).— J. 'S. A.: 1, Tulip Early 
Dawn; 2, Solanum jasminoides; 3, Campanula 
garganica hirsuta, 4, Mesembryanthemum, sp. not 
recognised. — C. B. G. : 1, blue and red varieties of 
the Milkwort (Polygala vulgaris) ; 2, Yellow Rattle 
(Rhinanthus Crista-galli). 
Cyclamens going to rest.— A.T B. : They may 
be allowed to go to rest naturally by withholding 
water to a certain extent; but they should never be 
allowed to become dust dry at any time, nor to get 
baked according to the practice at one time recom¬ 
mended. When the corms show signs of making 
fresh growth, shake them out and re-pot them in 
good soil. Give water judiciously till fairly into 
growth, when the quantity may be increased. We 
hardly think this worth the trouble, except in very 
special cases, seeing that a good strain can be so 
readily raised from seed. 
Cabbages Bolting.— A. C. W.: Various reasons 
may be given to account for this, such as that of 
variety, too early sowing of the seed, nature of the 
winter, and so on. In a state of nature, the Cabbage 
is a biennial, so that autumn-sown plants are very 
often inclined to bolt in spring. Possibly a check to 
growth by planting out large seedlings from crowded 
beds might be responsible for the evil. But a rule 
cannot be given that will apply in all cases. Too 
great care in the selection of plants for seed cannot 
be taken in order to keep up a good strain. The 
plantations should also be kept well apart from one 
another so that the bees may not readily cross two 
distinct kinds, and thus render the progeny liable to 
degenerate. Good cultivation will generally though 
not always give the desired results. 
Communications Received.—J ohn Oliver.—J. R. 
— Natural Science.—Alex. Lister.—Omicron.—A. P. 
— J. J. Jun.— A. Oban. —G.—J. Williams.—Ion.— 
W. R. S — P. P.—Aloe. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED- 
Damman & Co., San Giovanni a Teduccio, near 
Naples, Italy.—Catalogue of Cannas, Terrestrial 
Orchids, Irises, Cacti, Aroids, Bulbs, &c. 
James Carter & Co., 237, 238, and 97, High 
Holbom, London.—Select List of Bedding Plants, 
Hardy Perennials, &c. 
GONTB1TTS. 
PAGE 
Allotments in Lincoln¬ 
shire ..620 
Amateurs, hints for .624 
Australian Parks and 
Recreation Grounds.621 
Begonia, Charles Leeson.,.628 
Box's Begonias, Mr.620 
Brighton and Sussex Horti¬ 
cultural Society .620 
Cattleya luddemanniana 
Ernesti .625 
Cattleya Mossiae arnold- 
iana, Low’s var.625 
Chrysanthemum, grafting 628 
Chrysanthemums for exhi¬ 
bition .622 
Cockchafers.621 
Dawlish more attractive, 
hotv to make.620 
Deadly Nightshade, the ...621 
Endive, blanching.628 
Flower Garden, the.623 
Fruit under Glass .623 
Fumigating, a novel method 
of .628 
Glasgow Botinic.627 
Hardy Fruit Garden .623 
Hardy trees and shrubs ...621 
Insect pests .621 
Laelia purpurata Lewisii...6z5 
Lilies of the Valley .628 
Linaria cymbalana .621 
PAGE 
Maidenhead and Cookham, 
between.627 
Manchester Whitsuntide 
Show .629 
New Plants at the Temple 
Show .625 
New steam pump for garden 
watering, irrigation, &c. 620 
Odontoglossum crispum 
augustum .625 
Odontoglossum crispum 
Lowae .625 
Orchid Houses, the .623 
Orchid Notes & Gleanings 621 
Pansies from Holmesdale 
Nurseries .620 
Perthshire, Roses from ...622 
Plants recently certificated672 
Royal Botanic Society.620 
Saxifraga Canposii .628 
Scottish Horticultural 
Society .620 
Scottish Pansy and Viola 
Association .620 
Southwell Horticultural 
Society .620 
Sutton’s Peas and Flowers, 
Messrs..620 
Temple Show, list of awards 
at . 628 
Temple Show,reflections on6i9 
Trees in Towns .620 
FIXTURES FOR 1896. 
June. 
3. —Royal Botanic Society, Promenade. 
5.—Royal Botanic Society, Lecture. 
9. —R.H.S. 
10. —Royal Botanic Society, Special Floral Fete. 
12. —Royal Botanic Society, Lecture. 
13. —Royal Botanic Society. 
17.—Royal Botanic Society, Promenade. 
17, 18, 19.—York Floral and Horticultural Fete. 
18. —Colchester Rose Show. 
18. —Isle of Wight Rose Show. 
19. —Royal Botanic Society, Lecture. 
24.—National Rose Exhibition at Reading. 
24.—Royal Botanic Society, Promenade. 
24. —Richmond Show. 
25. —Hereford Rose Show. 
25. 26, 27.—People's Palace Show. 
26. —Royal Botanic Society, Lecture. 
27. —Royal Botanic Society. 
27. —Windsor Rose Show. 
30.—Sutton Rose Show. 
30.—Maidstone Rose Show. 
July. 
1.—Farningham Rose and Horticultural Show. 
1.—Royal Botanic Society, Evening Fete. 
1.—Croydon Rose Show. 
1.—Ealing Rose Show 
1. —Leatherhead Rose Show. 
2. —Bath Rose and Begonia Show. 
2.—Eltham Rose Show. 
2.—Gloucester Rose Show. 
2. —Norwich Rose Show. 
4. —National Rose Show at Crystal Palace. 
7, 8, 9.—Wolverhampton Floral Fete. 
8. —Canterbury Rose Show. 
8.—Chelmsford Rose Show. 
8.—Hitchin Rose Show. 
8.—Tunbridge Wells Rose Show. 
8.—Royal Botanic Society, Promenade. 
8.—Lee, Blackheath, Lewisham, and W. Kent Show. 
8, 9, 10.—Newcastle Summer Show. 
8. —Redhill Rose Show. 
9. —Helensburgh Rose Show. 
9.—Worksop Rose and Horticultural Show. 
9. —Woodbridge Rose Show. 
11. —Royal Botanic Society. 
14. —R.H.S. 
15. —Royal Botanic Society, Promenade. 
15.—Ulverston Rose Show. 
18.—New Brighton Rose Show. 
21. —Tibshelf Rose Show. 
22. —Royal Botanic Society, Promenade. 
25.—Rose Show at the Manchester Royal Botanical 
Gardens. 
28. —R.H.S. 
29. —Royal Botanic Society, Promenade. 
August. 
1—R H.S. of Southampton, Summer Exhibition in 
Westwood Park Avenue (and on Bank 
Holiday, 3rd). 
3. —Beddington, Carshalton, and Wallington Show. 
4. —Leicester Flower Show and Gala in Abbey 
Park. 
5. —Royal Botanic Society, Promenade. 
5 —Chesterfield Rose Show. 
6. 7.—Grimsby Show. 
10. —Roval Botanic Society’s Anniversary 
11. —R.H.S. 
Royal Botanic Society, Promenade. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
May 27 th, 1896. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices, 
i, d 
Apples.per bushel 
Nova Scotia Apples 
per barrel 
Cob Nuts and Fil¬ 
berts, per 100 lbs.30 0 
j. d. 
t . d . s . d . 
New Grapes, per lb, 1 6 30 
Pine-apples. 
—St. Mlohael's each 26 60 
Strawberries, per lb. c 6 30 
Tasmanian Apples, 
per case 10 0 12 o 
12 .- 
12.—Sevenoaks Flower Show. 
Vegetables.—Average Wholesale Prices 
1. d 
3 0 
3 o 
1 o 
3 0 
1. d . 
ArtlchokesGlobe doz, 2 0 
Asparagus.per bundle 1 0 
Beans, French, perlb. 0 9 
Beet.per dozen 2 0 
Brussel Sprouts, 
per half sieve 
Cabbages ... per doz. 
Carrots ... per bunch 
Cauliflowers.doz. 
Celery.per bucdle 
Cncumbers per doz. 
Endive, French, djz. 
I 3 
3 o 
3 o 
d . 
0 a 
o 
1 
Herb3 .per bunch 0 
Horse Radish, bundle 2 
Lettuces ...per dozen 1 3 
Mushrooms, p. basket 1 o 
Onions.per bunoh 0 4 
Parsley ... per bunch 0 3 
Radishes... per dozen 1 b 
Seakale...per basket 
Smallsalading.punnet 0 4 
Spinach per bushel 2 0 
Tomatos. per lb. o 6 
Turnips.per bun. 3 0 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s . d 
o o 
4 0 
I 6 
0 6 
2 3 
0 9 
1. d . s. d 
Azalea, doz. sprays ...0 406 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms. 20 40 
Asparagus Fern, bun. 20 30 
Bouvardlas, per bun. 06 10 
Carnations doz.blms. 16 30 
Cornflower, doz. bchs.z 030 
Eucharls ...per doz 16 26 
Gardenias ...per doz. 26 40 
Geranium, scarlet, 
doz. bunches 40 60 
Iris, doz. bchs.3 090 
LUlum longtflorum 
per doz. 30 50 
Lily ol the Valley, 
doz. sprays 06 10 
Marguerites, 12 ban, 16 30 
MaiaenUairFern,i2bs.4 060 
Narciss, various, 
doz. bch. 1640 
Orchids, doz. blooms 1 6 12 0 
Pelargoniums,12 bun. 60 90 
s. d ‘ 
6 2 
J. d . 
Primula, double, doz. 
sprays 0 
Pyrethrum doz. bun. 2 
Roses (indoor), doz. 0 
,, Tea,white, doz. 1 
„ Niels . 2 
,, Safrano 
(English), doz. ... _ . 
Red Roses, doz.1 6 
Pink Roses, doz. 3 0 
Smilax, per bunch ... 3 6 
Stephanotis, doz. 
sprays .2 o 
Tuberoses, doz. 
blooms .o 6 
Wallflower, doz. bch. 1 6 
White Lilac (French 
per bunch 3050 
Parme Violet (French) 
per bunch 30 40 
Polyanthus, doz. bch. 1030 
0 
4 o 
6 o 
6 o 
3 0 
o 9 
3 0 
Plants in Pots.- 
-Average Wholesale Prices 
i. d . 1 . d . 
Aibor Vitae (golden) 
per doz. 60120 
Aspidistra, doz. 18 0 36 0 
„ specimen 30 50 
Arum Lilies, per doz. 60 90 
Calceolaria, per doz. 60 90 
Cineraria, per doz.... 40 60 
Dracaena, various, 
per doz. 12 0 30 0 
Dracaena viridls.doz. 9 0 18 0 
Erica,various,per doz.g o 24 o 
Euonymus, var. doz. 6 0 18 0 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 0 12 0 
Ferns, small, per 100 40 60 
Ficus elastica, each 10 50 
1 . d . t . d 
F oliage Plants, var., 
each 10 50 
Fuchsia, per doz.6 0 10 o 
Hydrangea, various, 
per doz. 9 
Liliums, various doz. 12 
Lycopodiums, doz. 3 
Marguerite Daisy doz 6 
Myrtles, doz. 6 
Mignonette . 6 
Palms in variety,each 1 
Palms, Specimen ...21 
Pelargoniums, doz. ...8 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, 
per doz. 40 80 
Rcses, various. 9 0 18 o 
Spiraea, per doz. 60 90 
0 24 
o 24 
0 4 
0 12 
0 9 
0 9 
o 15 
0 63 
O 12 
INDEX TO 
Auction Sales, 
Protheroe & Morris. 618 
Bulbs. 
Barr & Son .617 
W. B. Hartland .617 
C. G. Van Tubergen .617 
Catalogues. 
H. J. Jones.619 
Chrysanthemums. 
H. J. Jones.618 
Florists’ Flowers. 
T. Cripps & Son.615 
H. J Jones.618 
W. Welch .618 
J. Wells .617 
Young &Dobinson.618 
Flower Pots. 
Sankey & Sons, Ltd.632 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
W. Barlass.617 
Corry & Co.617 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst,... 617 
ADVERTISEMENTS 
Gishurst Compound.617 
Nicotine Soap .6:8 
Lawn Mowers. 
W. Cooper.632 
Ransomes, Sims and 
Tefferies .618 
Manures. 
C. Beeson .617 
W. H. Beeson .6:7 
Clay & Son...632 
W. Colchester.617 
Native Guano Co.617 
Standen's .6:S 
W. Thomson & Sons ...618 
Miscellaneous. 
Bees...618 
H. J. Gassoon .617 
Gishurstine .617 
Hewitt’s Cloth.618 
Juno Cycles .618 
Porter's Crocks .617 
Tents .617 
111 bi| jjtuuno ut iiusiiM, vty |j ii, . 
A. Outram .618 Wetting. 
A. Potter.632 A. Potter.617 
h. g. Smyth . 6, 7 Orchids. 
A. Wasihefl .617 
Hardy Plants. 
J. Forbes .617 
Heating Apparatus. 
Messenger & Co.61S 
Thames Bank Iron Co... 632 
Horticultural Builders. 
J. Boyd & Sons. 
....617 
W. Cooper, Ltd. 
J. Gray. 
W. Richardson & Co... 
...617 
J. Weeks & Co. 
Hose. 
W. Cooper, Ltd. 
A. Potter. 
Insecticides. 
Corry & Co ... 
J. Cypher .618 
W. L. Lewis & Co.617 
Hugh Low & Co. 619 
P. McArthur.617 
F. Sander & Co.617 
Palms, Caladiums, &c. 
Iceton.619 
J. Peed & Sons . 619 
Roses. 
J. Cowan & Co.618 
Seeds. 
Carter's .617 
Sutton & Sons.617 
Witton & Co.617 
Yines. 
J. Cowan <fc Co.618 
“AMERICAN GARDENING.” 
An illustrated Journal of Horticulture, published in the 
interests ot the amateur in the Garden, the Conservatory, the 
House, the Fruit and Vegetable Grower, Tree3, Shrubs, and 
Flowers. 
The Leading American Horticultural Authority- 
issued weekly, and mailed, postage paid, to English subscri¬ 
bers for a 6s. money order. 
Address, "AMERICAN GARDENING," 170, Fulton Street, 
New York, U.S.A. 
