654 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
June 13, 1896. 
purata from the same importation as L. p. Lewisii, 
which recently received a First class Certificate, are 
notable for the rich colour of their lip A dark 
purple-lipped variety of Cattleya Mendelii is also 
very fine. 
Cypripediums are grown in a great number of 
species, varieties, and hybrids. A fine lot of C.Charles- 
worthii attracts the attention at once. Something 
good may be expected from them in autumn. A large 
batch (the remainer of a still larger one) of Cypri- 
pedium niveum in full bloom is worthy of close in¬ 
spection. Several are finely spotted all over, and 
the yellow blotch on the staminode is very variable, 
and often gives character to the flower. The petals 
in some cases are horizontal, entirely altering the 
aspect of the flower. The blooms in some cases are 
of great size, and many of them are twins. Some 
idea of the quantity grown may be gleaned from the 
fact that 150 buds and blooms may be seen at 
present. 
Some remarkably fine varieties of C. bellatulum 
keep flowering from time to time. The upper sepal 
and the petals of one are almost orbicular, and 
furnished with large blackish-crimson blotches on 
the inner face, while the blotches on the outside are 
almost black. The pure white C. b. album is also 
in the collection. Many hybrids have been effected 
here, and seedlings may be seen in all stages. Nor 
are the older hybrids neglected, for all the finer ones 
are being added to the collection from time to time. 
Healthy and thrifty pieces of C. arthurianum and C. 
vexillarium are plentiful. Other choice things are 
C. grande atratum, C. Swinburnei, C. leeanum 
ngelheartii, C. Celeus, raised in the establishment 
of R. I. Measures, Esq., C. Morganiae, C. orphanum, 
C. Clotho, very dark, C. Winnianum, C. rossianum, 
and many others. C. rossianum, raised between 
C. lowianum and C. insigne Maulei, is very hand¬ 
some. The upper sepal is white, lined and spotted 
with brown at the base. The petals are yellow in 
the lower half, and richly spotted, while the upper 
half is of a beautiful soft rose. The huge lip is 
of a glossy rosy-brown. Another charming hybrid 
is C. eylesianum derived from C. lawrence- 
anum and C. insigne Chantini. The huge dorsal 
sepal is greenish on the lower half, spotted with 
crimson, while the upper half is white, netted with 
rosy veins. Amongst species we noted C. Gode- 
froyae, C. Exul, C. Drueryi and Mastersi, all of 
which are well known and beautiful sorts. 
The Cattleya house is well-stocked with a great 
variety of species, including choice things that have 
been added from time to time. Here are some 
twenty or thirty pieces of a choice new Laelia named 
L. autumnalis alba Lucy Dodd, already showing 
traces of their flower spikes. Close by is Cattleya 
Harrisoniae violacea. A choice thing is Cattleya 
granulosa schofieldiana, and alongside of it is the 
beautiful C. velutina just commencing to grow. A 
piece of a Cattleya like C, labiata in habit, but 
which has not yet commenced to grow, is notable 
for the peculiar colour of its leaves, and may turn 
out to be something very distinct. A rare and fine 
thing is Cattleya bicolor with yellow sepals and 
petals and a white lip. C. labiata Young's var. bears 
the same relation to the type that Dendrobium nobile 
Cooksoni does to the species, for, being a case of 
peloria it has three lips, and is constant. C. 
Trianaei is grown in quantity. Every Orchid 
grower knows the handsome character of C. Mossiae 
arnoldiana. Several pieces of C.Mendelii are interest¬ 
ing from their being portions of the plant originally 
described under this name, and which flowered in 
the collection of Sam Mendel, of Manley Hall, near 
Manchester. 
Cypripedium bellatulum again turned up in 
quantity and variety ; and near by it was the rare 
Odontoglossom Krameri. The value of Oncidium 
tigrinum is recognised, by being grown in quantity. 
A house is devoted to Laelia purpurata and L. 
grandis tenebrosa. Dendrobium nobile, D. n. Cook¬ 
soni and D. wardianum album are now making 
excellent growth. The feature of another house 
consists of Cattleya gigas which is showing for bloom 
in the near future. What a handsome variety of 
the hybrid is Cypripedium Gertrude Hollington 
superbum, the flowers of which are much larger and 
darker in colour than the type. Very pretty is 
Pogonia Lewisii with its violet lip and solitary 
spotted leaf. 
A substantially built house in the new nursery is 
at present very largely devoted to Cattleyas, includ¬ 
ing C. Mossiae and C. Mendelii in quantity and 
variety. A charming sight may be seen in C. 
citrina, with its waxy, sweetly-scented flowers, grown 
in small pans, and suspended from the roof. Fine 
pieces of Vanda kimbaliana are suspended in baskets 
at the top of the ridge close to the glass. The long, 
pendent spikes of Odontoglossum citrosmum are 
very attractive with their white, and rosy as well as 
spotted, deliciously-scented flowers. A great 
quantity of Epidendrum vitellinum majus, with its 
rich orange-scarlet flowers, is making excellent 
growth and commencing to bloom. A fine importa¬ 
tion of Oncidium crispum grandiflorum, which has 
just been potted up, is notable for the great size of 
the pseudo-bulbs. Another choice and handsome 
subject is Oncidium varicosum Rogersii, with its 
great yellow lip. 
One can hardly fail to note the splendid lot of 
Odontoglossum Rossii, lying in thousands on the 
upper and lower benches, and just commencing to 
grow. There is a great variation amongst the 
pseudo-bulbs some of which are of great size, and 
others of a narrow, compressed, and finger-like 
character. A batch of Odontoglossum Rossii 
rubescens, collected in flower will be watched with 
interest when they come in bloom. Large numbers 
of other things were marked in the same way, and 
are now under number. Other things in the cool 
end of this house are Lycaste Deppei and L. aroma- 
tica both in flower, the latter being sweetly scented. 
Odontoglossums include O. crispum and O. 
Pescatorei in fine condition. A useful and showy 
little Orchid that takes up but little space is 
Sophronites grandiflora, suspended in quantity in 
small pans near the glass. 
- .|. 
CAMPANULA GLOMERATA. 
This plant is generally spoken of as the clustered 
Bell-flower, because its bright, rich, bluish-purple 
flowers are mostly produced in terminal heads. It is 
a fit subject for the rockery or the herbaceous border, 
and is done very well at Kew. 
On the 30th ult., however, I came across its 
cheerful-looking blossoms growing in the long grass 
on the river's bank between Maidenhead and 
Cookham ; and these, although not quite so large as 
those under cultivation, seemed to me to posses a 
deeper colour—at any rate they possessed a deeper 
interest. Wild flowers at home and under culti¬ 
vation, would form, I feel sure, a very useful and 
suggestive paper; for even gardeners that are not 
ordinarily enamoured of our native plants, must, 
perforce, be interested in those wildings which are 
considered to be sufficiently meritorious to deserve a 
place in modern gardens. The Campanula under 
review varies in height in Nature from 2 in. to 2 ft. 
according to soil and situation; whereas under culti¬ 
vation it will attain the respectable dimensions of 
one yard.— C.B.G.. Acton, W, 
-- 
VIOLAS FROM STEVENAGE. 
Owing to the zest with which the improvement of 
the Viola has been taken up of late years we are now 
in possession of a vast number of pretty forms. As 
a bedding plant, easy of cultivation, and showy 
throughout a long season, the modern Viola has 
evidently come to stay, for it finds a place in almost 
all gardens whether large or small. 
A box of cut blooms comprising some of the best 
new and standard varieties has lately been forwarded 
us by Messrs. Young and Dobinson, Holmesdale 
Nurseries, Stevenage, Herts. Of the older varieties 
which are sure of a place in every collec¬ 
tion that is at all representative, Blue Cloud, 
with its charming lacings of bright purple-blue: and 
Countess of Kintore, one of the most showy and 
robust growing of all the Violas were well represented. 
Decidedly a novelty is Stevenage Sweep. This sooty 
name is certainly aptly bestowed, for the blooms of 
this variety are rich velvety black, the lateral petals 
being slightly blotched with bright blue at their 
bases, close to the eye. The upper petals are slightly 
fimbriated. Cloth of Gold is a rich deep yellow, 
with a rather heavy central black maroon blotch. 
Vestal, a pure white form, has only a few traces of 
rays left. It is a fine bloom of more than medium 
size. Silveran White is after the same style as the 
last named, but its petals are of a far more flimsy 
character. 
Flolmesdale Gem is a medium sized flower of more 
than ordinary merit. It is as nearly as possible 
circular in outline, and of a rich velvety purple black 
hue. Multiflora is a well-shaped flower, bright 
purple in colour. Blue Stone exhibits a pretty shade 
of purple blue, but the petals lack substance. It is 
strongly rayed with black. Cliveden Purple Com- 
pacta is a very unwieldy name bestowed upon a 
charming rich purple flower of excellent shape and 
substance. Skylark has white petals laced with 
bright purple-blue. The lower petal is suffused 
with orange yellow. Yellow Boy is a rather small 
but very bright variety. It exhibits a rather lighter 
shade of yellow than Cloth of Gold, but instead of 
being blotched in the centre, as is the latter variety, 
it is heavily rayed with purple maroon. Magpie is 
a somewhat coarse but showy bloom. The lower 
and lateral petals are deep purple, the upper ones 
purple at their bases, but shading to white in their 
upper parts. 
-«+■- 
CHRYSANTHEMUMS FOR EXHIBITION. 
In our last article we referred to the final potting, 
and that must be followed by some consideration as 
to the locality for their future growth. All plants 
have their likes and dislikes and the “mum" is no 
exception to the rule ; and it is therefore expedient 
that their 
SUMMER QUARTERS 
should be of the most approved type. The Chrysan¬ 
themum is well known as a gross feeder, and delights 
in light and sunshine ; but there are other details in 
growing for exhibition that must be considered. In 
the generous culture recommended, the growth 
becomes strong and tall, and is easily caught by strong 
winds and storms; therefore it is necessary to consider 
shelter as one of the important requirements of the 
“ autumn queen.’’ We consider it necessary to make 
these observations as no two gardens are alike. 
It therefore behoves the grower to have a thorough 
knowledge of the various details, so that he may 
select the most desirable position at command ; the 
margins of paths often have to be utilised for this 
purpose, and if open and fairly sheltered may be 
considered suitable. But what we prefer is a square 
open to the south and south-east, with shelter on the 
north, and such other quarters that may suffer from 
strong winds. A belt of trees is desirable as shelter, 
in preference to walls or greenhouses, as the wind 
often skims over such structures with redoubled 
force, playing sad havoc amongst the young and 
tender growths. The rows if possible should run 
north and south, so that the sun may play on both 
sides. The rows should be in pairs, not less than 
2 ft. apart, followed by a pathway 3 ft. in width, 
which will admit of every row being properly 
watched. The plants should be rS in. or 2 ft. apart 
so that the light may play freely around. The 
system of a flat, or a number of rows, is advisable in 
preference to long single rows, as in the forest or 
massing arrangement they help to protect one 
another, allowing the wdnd to gradually filter 
through, and thereby reducing the injury from this 
source to a minimum. Usually the grower prefers 
them arranged in " families " such as the “ Queens " 
by themselves, the “ Princesses ” by themselves and 
so on. This is an advantage in “ taking the bud " 
and general knowledge of the position of the various 
sorts. 
Every pot must be made secure against the ingress 
of worms by standing the pots on slate or boards. 
SUPPORTS 
are an important detail ; stakes in variety are used, 
such as iron, bamboo, and various other kinds. Some 
judgment is required as to the height. The Prin¬ 
cess of Wales type is now amongst the tallest, as the 
tendency of our new kinds seems to be dwarfer and 
stronger. After the plants are staked, some help 
must be afforded them by strong supports driven 
into the ground at each end, with tar string from 
stake to stake to which the stakes in the pots can be 
tied. This temporary system is preferred to any 
permanent structure, as the string will give to some 
extent, thereby lessening the strain on each branch 
or limb. These in their turn again can be loosely 
fastened to the stake, which will give still more play 
during the windy weather. These simple details to the 
uninitiated may appear useless, but to lose a couple 
of stems off one plant, and that possibly the only one 
of its kind, will act as a warning in the strongest 
possible way. Water has not been mentioned in 
the selection of site, but it is most important that a 
plentiful supply should be near at hand, which will 
save both labour and time, 
