December 28, 1889. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
265 
weak wood, and of budless tips, would suffice for these 
charming plants. But in many parts of the country, 
particularly in low-lying districts, we often find, in 
spite of our best efforts at protection, that the greater 
part of each plant has been killed or severely injured 
during the winter ; and are only thankful, as I have 
said, if we can find some real life to cut back to. 
Bor exhibition purposes, the pure Tea Roses should 
in all cases be pruned back as hard as the H. Ps. ; 
there is no fear of these free-flowering Roses failing to 
bloom. But the now large Gloire de Dijon race, 
Marechal Neil and the Noisette hybrids must be 
treated differently, the long, strong shoots of the year 
reserved to nearly their full length, and the old and 
weak wood only cut out. 
Marechal Neil under Glass. 
I must pass over the pruning and training of pot 
Roses and Roses for forcing, as subject to the same 
general rules; but Marechal Neil under glass seems to 
do best under the following special treatment. In a 
house fitted with wires up the roof, let a strong young 
standard be planted as a vine, with plenty of room for 
extension on either side. Prune it completely back in 
the whiter, and select two shoots only, training them 
horizontally right and left immediately under the 
bottoms of the wires. If still grow¬ 
ing when they reach the end of the 
house, or as far as the Rose is in¬ 
tended to cover, train each up the 
end wire, and if they reach the top, 
stop them as you would a Vine. 
No pruning whatever -will be re¬ 
quired the following winter, but the 
plant must be always highly fed. 
The Rose will probably bloom freely 
along the rods in the spring, and 
as soon as this is over, the upright 
rods (if any) must be cut right 
back to the horizontal part, and an 
endeavour made to train a shoot up 
each wire, all other buds and new 
shoots being clean removed. The 
chosen shoots may appear weak at 
first, but they will gain in strength, 
and the autumn growth, if the 
plant be healthy and well nourished, 
will be very rapid. Probably all 
the shoots will not reach the top 
of the house this year ; but let 
them grow as much as they will, 
stopping them when they do reach 
the top. Early in the following 
spring—dependent, of course, upon 
the amount of heat supplied—a 
bloom will appear at almost every 
bud, and when the crop of flowers 
is over, probably about the end of 
April, every upright rod must be 
cut clean away again down to the 
horizontal branches, and during the 
summer fresh shoots trained up in 
their room, and stopped as before 
on reaching the top of the house. 
It is best to do this cutting away of 
the upright rods gradually, during a week or so, and 
not all on one day, because we thus lessen the severity 
of the check to the plant. 
This is a simple, systematic, and regular method, 
which I have found to answer extremely well. 
Conclusion. 
'With this I must conclude — pruning is a most 
essential part of our art, which must be patiently and 
thoroughly carried out at an inclement time of the 
year, when beautiful Roses seem but a dream of the 
future ; but the ardent rosarian will at all times have the 
present [flowering] season in view as the harvest and re¬ 
ward of his labours, and will work zealously all the year 
round, in cold and heat, rain and drought, frost and 
snow, shadow and shine, in behalf of the motto of our 
craft, “ Floreat Regina Riorum .”—From the Journal of 
the Royal Horticultural Society. 
-—>Z<-- 
THE EDINBURGH CHRYSANTHE¬ 
MUM CENTENARY CUP. 
In our report of the recent Chrysanthemum Centenary 
Celebration so admirably carried out at Edinburgh by 
the Scottish Horticultural Association, we were unable 
for want of space to give the names of any of the win¬ 
ning varieties shown on that interesting occasion ; but 
as the competition for the handsome Cup given by the 
City Corporation is a matter of some interest, we put 
on record now the thirty-six varieties which the winner 
of the prize, Mr. Machattie, staged, the figures where 
given indicating the number of blooms shown. They 
were Madame C. Audiguier (2), Carew Underwood, 
Boule d’Or (2), Comte de Germiny (2), Baronne de 
Prailly (2), Meg Merrilies, Mrs. J. Wright (2), Mrs. 
Falconer Jameson, Val d’Andorre, Ralph Brocklebank, 
Edwin Molyneux, Fair Maid of Guernsey, Thunberg, 
Avalanche (the premier Japanese bloom in the show), 
Sunflower (2), Duchess of Albany, William Holmes, 
Elaine, Comtesse de Beauregard, Amy Furze, Stan- 
stead Surprise, La Triomphante, Gloriosum, Madame 
M. Fabre, Madame Baco, Mdlle. Lacroix, Stanstead 
White, Mrs. C. H. Wheeler, Mons. J. Laing, Maggie 
Mitchell, Hiver Fleuri, Soleil Levant, Jeanne Delaux, 
Hamlet, Dr, Macary, Vierge Japonaise, Buffalo Bill, 
Theodore Buller, Maiden’s Blush, Lady Lawrence, 
Frederick Marrouch, M. Marrouch, and Belle Paule. 
It was a great honour to so young a gardener as Mr. 
Machattie to win this memorable prize, but it is not 
with the Chrysanthemum alone that he has won his 
spurs in the horticultural world and proved himself 
worthy of the title of gardener. Mr. Machattie is a 
native of Morayshire, and served his apprenticeship at 
Moy Hall, Inverness-shire, the seat of the Mackintosh 
of Mackintosh, and subsequently was employed in the 
J. W. Machattie, 
Winner of the Edinburgh Chrysanthemum Centenary Cup 
gardens at Cantray House, Inverness; Altyre House, 
Forres ; Raith, Fifeshire ; Knightshayes Court, Devon¬ 
shire ; and Oxenford Castle, Midlothian. For the last 
five years he has been gardener to the Marquis of 
Lothian, at Newbattle Abbey, near Dalkeith, and has 
been singularly successful as an exhibitor of Grapes and 
flowers. He was first for Grapes last year both at 
Edinburgh and Glasgow, at the latter place carrying 
off the Veitch Memorial Medal and Prize. He also last 
year won the Scottish Challenge Cup for Chrysanthe¬ 
mums. We have much pleasure in presenting our 
readers with a portrait of the Edinburgh Centenary 
Prize winner. 
-•*=£*«- 
THE ROCK ROSES. 
Owinc to the half-hardy nature of many of the species 
of Cistus, many cultivators are debarred from growing 
them. The beauty of many of them is, however, so 
striking—especially when in flower—that they are 
worthy of cultivation in every garden where rockwork 
is constructed. There are also banks to be clothed in 
many gardens, and if trouble were taken to afford a 
little shelter, and insert a few boulders of stone, the 
display of bloom produced would be marvellous, and 
more than repay any small amount of labour that 
might be expended upon them. Rockeries entirely 
planted with them would indeed be gay. A cold frame 
or two would be quite sufficient for the preservation of 
reserve stock of a large number of species during a severe 
winter. These can readily be obtained either from 
seeds or cuttings. By some the former are considered 
the best method of increase. They are, moreover, 
produced in great abundance, and germinate freely if 
sown in pots or pans. 
C. ladaniferus. —The Ladanum, or Gum Cistus, is 
one of the hardiest of the genus, and may be planted 
in any situation, either on the rockery, in the shrub¬ 
bery, or in isolated bushes, beds, or clumps on the 
lawn. The leathery dark green leaves are persistent, 
and maintain their dark tint all the year round. The 
flowers of the type are white, and not long-lived, but 
produced in succession for some considerable time. 
The spotted variety, C. 1. maculatus, has a large blood- 
coloured blotch at the base of each petal, and is really 
magnificent. The plant may be grown in the far 
north without protection. 
C. laurifolius. —The ovate-lanceolate leaves of this 
species have not inaptly been compared to the Laurel, 
but, as a rule, those on old bushes at least are smaller. 
Their flowers are pure white, surrounded with pale red 
bracts, and are produced in large terminal clusters. 
Just before the buds burst they bear considerable 
resemblance to Rose buds, and after that to single 
Roses. The shrub is equally hardy 
as the last, and very effective when 
in bloom. It ripens good seeds 
abundantly. 
C. cyprius. —So closely related is 
this to C. ladaniferus that it is diffi¬ 
cult to distinguish the two when 
not in bloom. On vigorous young 
plants the leaves of C. cyprius are 
somewhat broader. The flowers 
measure 2 ins. to 3 ins. in expanse, 
and are white, with a large brownish 
crimson blotch at the base of each 
petal. 
C. villosus. —This is also known 
as C. incanus and C. undulatus. 
The leaves are oblong or spathu- 
late with a hoary, somewhat woolly 
tomentum. They are also con¬ 
spicuously wrinkled. It forms a 
low, evergreen, bushy shrub, and 
bears a large quantity of rosy purple 
flowers in clusters of from one to 
three during the months of June 
and July. 
C. populifolius. — One of the 
hardiest and most robust of the 
species is the Poplar-leaved Rock 
Rose, a native of France and Spain, 
and originally introduced to this 
country in 1656. In evidence of 
its hardiness it may be stated that 
a plant 7 ft. high outlived the 
winter of 1837-38 without protection 
in the grounds at Syon House. A 
bush like that, with its large white 
flowers in full bloom, would be a 
conspicuous feature in the landscape, 
The leaves are heart-shaped, smooth, 
wrinkled, and of large size, hence the applicability of 
the specific name. 
C. corbariensis. —This is said to be a hybrid 
between C. salvifolius and C. populifolius, and forms a 
beautiful dark green bush, of dense habit, and 18 ins. 
to 3 ft. in height. It is found, however, in a wild 
state on the mountains of Corbieres in the south of 
France, and also in Spain. The leaves are very pretty, 
heart-shaped, elongate, stalked, and wrinkled. The 
white flowers are produced in May and June, and the 
petals are margined with rose. The buds are also of 
the same hue before expansion. The shrub grows very 
vigorously, and is wonderfully hardy if planted in a 
sheltered place on well-drained soil. For the upper 
reaches of a large rockery it is admirably adapted. 
C. salvifolius. —The Sage-leaved Rock Rose. The 
stalked leaves are ovate, wrinkled like the Sage (Salvia 
officinalis), and covered with a hoary tomentum on the 
under-surface. The flowers are moderate in size, white, 
and produced one or three together. It is a variable 
species, and pretty, but unfortunately is not so hardy 
as most of the above-mentioned ; consequently, a 
reserve stock should be kept in the frames in case of 
deaths from a severe winter. 
C. Clusii.—T he great length of time during which 
this continues to open its flowers should be an induce¬ 
ment to grow it, and owing to its dwarf bushy habit, 
it is admirably adapted for small rockeries. The 
