286 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
January 4, 1890. 
well if they are kept tolerably dry. See, however, that 
they are kept thoroughly clean, for they soon become a 
prey to mealy-bug if neglected. 
THE FORCING HOUSES. 
Peaches. —With the mild weather that has prevailed 
for some time past the trees should now be flower¬ 
ing freely, and if this is the case raise the night 
temperature to 60°, that is, 5° higher than should have 
been advised in last calendar, which, by a printer’s 
error, was made to read 25° instead of 55°. As the 
temperature rises in the early part of the day give a 
little top ai^, and tap the main branches to distribute 
the pollen. Of course, in the event of frost suddenly 
setting in allowance must always be made. 
Melons. —If the first batch of seed has not yet been 
sown, no time should now be lost in having it accom¬ 
plished as the days will soon lengthen appreciably, and 
with the return of better light, there will be better 
conditions for plant life. Sow singly in small 60’s as 
previously advised. 
Strawberries. —Those put into heat in November 
will now be in full bloom or in great part set according 
to the treatment they have received. Should a supply 
of ripe fruit be required towards the end of March or 
early in April, put another batch into heat after having 
examined the pots as to the state of the drainage. It will 
not be necessary to plunge this batch in a forcing-bed ; 
because if placed on the shelf of a vinery or Peach-house 
just being started, and having a temperature of 45° to 
50°, the crowns will come away gently at first, and 
more rapidly as the temperature is raised. Black 
Prince, Noble, and Yicomtesse Herieart de Thury are 
all good kinds for forcing, and the last-named is still 
indispensable. 
THE KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Standard Fruit Trees. — In some establishments 
there are still numbers of Apple trees that are not sub¬ 
jected to the orthodox system of close annual pruning. 
During mild and rather wet weather, when the ground 
is in an unfit state for digging or trenching, the trees 
should be carefully gone over so as to remove dead 
wood, and all weak and useless shoots that tend to crowd 
the trees. By pruning them so as to admit a maximum 
of light, the fruit will always colour better, and prove 
of higher quality than when the branches are crowded 
to the exclusion of light and air. 
Jerusalem Artichokes.— It is well to be provided 
with a supply of these in the event of sharp frost. The 
tubers can be stored in moist sand, and so avoid a great 
amount of trouble in digging up the daily supply when 
the soil is frost bound. 
-- 
Gardeners’ Improvement Societies. 
*** We should be greatly obliged if Secretaries of 
Gardeners’ Improvement Societies would favour us with 
brief notices of the papers read and business done at 
their respective regular meetings. Such reports should 
reach the office not later than Tuesday. 
Ware and District. 
The usual fortnightly meeting of this society was held 
on Tuesday the 17th ult., Mr. R. Smith in the chair. 
There was a good attendance of members present. The 
subject for the evening was “ Chrysanthemum Culture 
for the production of large Blooms,” by Mr. G. Fulford. 
A brief discussion followed, and the meeting terminated 
with the usual votes of thanks to the chairman and 
Mr. Fulford. 
-- 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
Chrysanthemum Compost.— Milford: No, CTirysantliemiun 
growers do not mix sulphate of potash or sulphate of ammonia 
(which we presume you mean) with their potting compost, hut 
some use the latter in a weak liquid form when the buds are 
swelling. You would do well to avoid the use of such stimulants 
in the potting soil, using only such as can he thoroughly and 
safely relied upon, like hone-meal, dissolved hones, Standen’s 
or Thomson’s Vine and Plant Manure, which we used last 
season with the most gratifying results. 
Grubs in Leaf-Soil.— A. M. E. : The grubs you sent us are 
those of the fly known as Daddy Long-legs (Tipula oleracea), the 
female of which lays eggs to the number of 300, chiefly during 
the autumn, in wet fields, amongst grass, and amongst weeds, 
&e., in neglected places. The grubs are extremely difficult to 
kill in the soil by chemical applications, on account of their 
tough skins, which have earned for them the name of Leather 
Jacket. The most effectual applications that have been given 
aie carbolic acid diluted in four per cent, solution of water, also 
one of the acid to 250 of water, nitrate of soda, and common salt 
applied at the rate of 7 cwt. per acre. The carbolic acid destroys 
the grubs in a few minutes when iu direct contact, hut the 
strong solution above mentioned cannot he applied to soil con¬ 
taining plants without destroying them. A good plan would be 
to go through the houses at night, when many of the grubs will 
he found on the surface, and can he collected. Pieces of Carrot or 
Potato laid on the pots, or slightly buried in the soil will also 
attract them to the surface, where they will be found hiding 
beneath the baits, or feeding on them. Dilute solutions of 
soluble Phenyle—successful against the grub or the Carrot Fly— 
might also he tried here, and not only this, but Guano water 
will assist the plants in making good growth, and so palliate the 
evil to some extent. 
Names of Plants. — K. W.: Epidendrum eiliare. It. S. : 1, 
Helleborus niger altifolius; 2, Thuya orientals aurea ; 3, Reti- 
nospora ericoides. IF. Clarke: 1, Pteris quadriaurita argyrea ; 
2, Oplismenus Burmanni variegatus; 3, Selaginella Braunii, 
sometimes called S. Wildenovii, but is not that plant ; 4, Sela¬ 
ginella cuspidata. O. G.: Dendrobium speciosum Hillii. J. 
Henderson : 1, Zygopetalum crinitum; 2, Odontoglossum 
odoratum, 
Thermometers. Anxious : —Nos. 1 and 2, which gave the same 
reading, are the most likely to he the nearest to the correct 
standard, and No. 3 to be entirely wrong and misleading. Both 
spirit and mercurial thermometers are liable to derangement 
after being in the open air for some years, and the only way of 
ascertaining the amount of error is by trying them alongside of 
one which has lately been tested at the Kew observatory, or by 
sending them to some good meteorological instrument maker. 
Communications Received.— D. IV. — W. & J. B. — C. T.— 
W. W.—E. L. W.— A. H.—Stirling,—T. S. W.— A. C.—H, & S.- 
H. O—D. McD.— J. A. 
-- 
TEADE CATALOGUES EECEIVED. 
Edward Webb & Sons, Wordsley, Stourbridge.—Spring 
Catalogue of Vegetable and Flower Seeds. 
H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, Kent.—Flower and Vegetable 
Seeds. 
John Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, S.E.—Seed Novelties, 
Begonias, &c. 
Dobbie & Co., Rothesay, N.B.—Seed Catalogue and Com¬ 
petitor’s Guide. 
R. B. Laird & Sons, 17, South Frederick Street, Edinburgh.— 
Forest Trees, Conifers, Ornamental Trees and Shrubs, Ac. 
Robert Veitch & Son, Exeter.—Kitchen Garden and Flower 
Seeds. 
John Downie, 144, Princes Street, Edinburgh.—Vegetable and 
Flower Seeds. 
James Dickson & Sons, 32, Hanover Street, Edinburgh.— 
Vegetable and Flower Seeds. 
Charles Allen, Mildenhall, Suffolk.—List of Vegetable Seeds. 
J. R. Pearson & Sons, 2, Exchange Row, Nottingham.— 
Vegetable and Flower Seeds, Fruit Trees, &e. 
Charles Sharpe & Co., Sleaford.—Garden and Farm Seeds. 
Stuart & Mein, Kelso, N.B.—Amateurs’ Gardening Guide. 
Thomas Methven & Sons, 15, Princes Street, Edinburgh.— 
Flower and Vegetable Seeds, Implements, &c. 
Dickson, Brown & Tait, 43, 45, Corporation Street, Man¬ 
chester.—Vegetable and Flower Seeds, &c. 
Harrison & Sons, Leicester.—General Seed Catalogue for 
1890. 
-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
December 30 th, 1889. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditeh, and 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, report that, owing to dense 
fog, no business in Agricultural Seeds was transacted at 
Mark Lane to-day. Prices remain without alteration. 
-- 
THE WEATHER. 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean reading 
of the barometer during the weekending December 28 th, 
was 30'00 ins.; the lowest reading was 29'39 ins. on 
Sunday morning, and the highest 30'41 ins. on 
Thursday morning. The mean temperature of the 
air was 39'8°, and 0'7° above the average in the corre¬ 
sponding weeks of the twenty years ending 1868. The 
mean showed an excess on Sunday, Monday, and 
Tuesday, hut was below the average on each of the 
other days of the week. The direction of the wind was 
variable, and the horizontal movement of the air 
averaged 11’2 miles per hour, which was 1‘4 mile below 
the average in the corresponding weeks of sixteen years. 
Rain fell on two days of the week to the aggregate 
amount of 0'61 of an inch. The duration of registered 
bright sunshine in the week was 3'2 hours, against 
10’6 hours at Glynde Place, Lewes. 
January 1st. 
Out Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
Acacia or Mimosa, s.d. s.d. 
French, per bunch 0 9 16 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms ..4 0 SO 
Azalea_doz. sprays 0 8 10 
Bouvardias, per bun. 0 6 10 
Camellias, 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 2 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
12 hunches 4 0 9 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
12 blooms 0 6 2 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
per 12 bunches 6 0 IS 0 
Epiphyllum.doz blms 0 6 10 
Eucharis ..perdozen 2 0 4 0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms. 6 0 12 0 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 0 6 10 
Hyacinths (Roman), 
doz. sprays 0 9 16 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
Lilac, white, per bun. 5 0 SO 
Lilium, various, 12 bis. 1 0 S 0 
Lily of the Valley do. 0 6 16 
s.d. s.d. 
MaidenhairFern,12bns 4 0 9 0 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 3 0 6 0 
Mignonette, 12 bun. 2 0 4 0 
— (French), .per bun. 16 2 6 
Narcissus (papr-whit) 
doz. sprays 10 16 
Narcissus (papr-wht.) 
French, dozen buns. 4 0 SO 
Pelargoniums,12spys. 10 16 
— scarlet ..12sprays 0 6 10 
Poinsettia, 12 blooms 4 0 12 0 
Primula, double, bun. 0 9 16 
Roses.per dozen 16 3 0 
Roses, Tea, per dozen 10 3 0 
— Red.per doz. 10 2 0 
— Saffrano .. per doz. 10 2 0 
Stephanotis,12 spraysl2 0 
Tuberoses, per dozen. 10 2 0 
Tulips ....12 blooms 0 9 16 
Violets... .12bunches 10 2 0 
— French, per bunch 16 2 6 
-Parine, per bueh. 3 0 4 0 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d s.d. td. s.d 
Apples .4-sieve 2 0 7 0 Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 10 16 
— Nova Scotia, barrel 12 0 21 0 —St. Michaels, each 2 6 7 6 
Grapes .per lb. 1 0 3 0 Plums.j-sieve 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s.d. s.d. s.d. s.d. 
Artichokes, Globe,doz. 3 0 6 0 Herbs _per bunch 0 2 0 4 
Asparagus ... .per 100 Horse Radish, bundle 3 0 5 0 
Beans, French, per lb. 1 0 16 Lettuces .. per dozen 16 2 0 
Beet .per dozen 2 0 3 0 Mushrooms, p. basket 13 2 0 
Cabbages_per doz. 1 6 2 6 Onions_per bushel 3 6 5 3 
Carrots_per bunch 0 6 , Parsley_per bunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers, English, Radishes ..per dozen 1 6 
per dozen 3 0 6 0 SmaU salading,punnet 0 4 
Celery_per bundle 2 6 Spinach, per strike ..2 0 
Cucumbers _each 1 0 2 0 Tomatos per lb. 10 16 
Endive, French, doz. 2 6 3 6 Turnips _per bun. 0 6 
PoTAT0S.--Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton ; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per con. 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Azalea .. ..per dozen24 0 42 0 
Aralia Sieboidi ..doz. 6 0 IS 0 
Arum Lilies..per doz. 9 0 IS 0 
Begonias, various.doz. 4 0 9 0 
Bouvardias .. per doz. S 0 12 0 
Chrysanthemums,doz. 6 0 12 0 
Chrysanthemums, 
specimens, each 16 5 0 
Cyperus, ..per dozen 4 0 12 0 
Dracaena term., doz. 30 0 60 0 
Dracaena viridis, doz. 12 0 24 0 
s.d. s.d. 
Erica, various ..doz. 12 0 IS 0 
Evergreens, in var. ,, 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, invar., per doz. 4 0 18 0 
Hyacinths, per dozen 9 0 12 0 
Marguerites per doz. 6 0 12 0 
Palms in variety, each 2 6 21 0 
Pelargoniums,scarlet, 6 0 9 0 
Poinsettia, per dozen 9 0 IS 0 
Primula ... .per doz. 4 0 6 0 
Solanums_per doz. 9 0 12 0 
Tulips.12 pots S 0 10 0 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Abutilon megapotamicum 2S3 
Adiantum caudatum. 2S3 
Amateur's Garden. 2S2 
Anemone coronaria . 2S4 
Auriculas under frost .... 2S0 
Begonia ? What is a. 282 
Calceolarias, preserving .. 2S3 
Carnations, yellow. 2S0 
Chrysanthemums, mid¬ 
winter . 2S0 
Chrysanthemum notes.... 2S0 
Christmas Rose, St. Brigid's 2S1 
Currant-bud Mite . 2S4 
Camellia. Lady Hume’s 
Blush 2S3 
Floriculture. 2S0 
Flower industry in Isles of 
Scilly 2S4 
Gardeners’ Calendar. 2S5 
Gardeners’ Improvement 
Societies . 2S6 
Greenhouse in winter .... 27S 
Hemionitis palmata. 2S3 
Horticultural Trade, the .. 277 
Hymenocallis macroste- 
phana. 283 
Lielia anceps Veitchiana .. 2S4 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Association. 2S5 
Oncidium cebolleta . 2S4 
Orchid notes and gleanings 284 
Passion-flower, first hybrid 279 
Propagating, hints on .... 279 
Royal Horticultural 
Society . 273 
Season oflSS9, the. 277 
Stones, sermons iu. 279 
Strawberries for forcing .. 2S3 
Thermometers, electric .. 2S3 
Trenching, early v. late.... 231 
Tear, the dead. 277 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
PAGE 
Auction Sales. 
Protheroe & Morris . 274 
J. C, Stevens . 274 
Bulbs. 
Barr & Son . 273 
R. Smith & Co. 275 
Catalogues. 
J. Carter & Co. 277 
C. Fuller . 277 
Webb & Sons . 275 
Chrysanthemums. 
W. E. Boyce. 273 
N. Davis . 273 
Wm. Etheriugton . 273 
A. J. Manda. 275 
R. Owen . 275 
G. Stevens. 273 
W. Thompson.... 273 
Coal and Coke. 
G. J. Eveson . 273 
Cut Flowers. 
Gregory & Evans . 273 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead. 2S7 
Florists’ Flowers. 
J. Galvin. 273 
J. Laing & Sons. 273 
Sutton &Sons. 273 
Fruit Trees. 
G. Bunyard & Co. 275 
G. Jackman & Son. 275 
R. B. Laird & Sons . 273 
R, Neal. 274 
Fruit Trees and Roses. 
Joshua Le Cornu & Son 275 
T. Rivers & Son ... . 274 
R. Smith & Co. 275 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
J. Arnold. 273 
A. Chandler. 273 
Carson & Sons. 274 
G. Coppin & Sons.... 273 
Benjamin Edgington. 274 
H. J. Gasson . 273 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst .. 273 
Osman & Co. 287 
H. G. Smyth . .. 274 
Standard Manufacturing 
Co. 273 
J. Taylor & Son. 273 
Horticultural Builders. 
J. Boyd & Sons . 273 
W. Cooper . 2S7 
C. Frazer’s Exors. 274 
J. Gray.. 273 
E. & F. Newton. 273 
Overend . 2S7 
A. Peel & Sons . 273 
W. Richardson & Co. ... 273 
J. Weeks & Co. 273 
Heating Apparatus, page 
Jones & Attwood . 2S7 
Thames Bank Iron Co.... 2S7 
Insecticides. 
J. Bentley . 2S7 
Bridgford’s Antiseptic ... 273 
Fir Tree Oil. 287 
Gishurst Compound. 273 
Geo. Murray. 273 
Picrena. 287 
Manures. 
W. H. Beeson.. 273 
Standen's. 273 
W. Thomson & Sons. 2SS 
Miscellaneous. 
Epps’ Cocoa. 287 
Gishurstine. 273 
Harrison's Knitter. 2S7 
A. Outram . 2S7 
H. M. Pollett & Co. 287 
Smyth's Orchid Baskets 273 
Mushroom Spawn. 
Wm. Cutbush & Son. 275 
Orchids. 
F. Horsman & Co. 273 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Company. 274 
P. McArthur .. 273 
Plant Club . 273 
Trustees of the late J. 
Stephenson. 273 
Plants, various. 
W. Fromow & Sons.. 275 
Roses. 
H. English .-. 273 
G. Jackman & Son. 275 
Keynes, Williams & Co. 274 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Co. 275 
J. Walters . 273 
Seeds. 
Allen. 273 
Dobbie & Co. 273 
Ireland & Thomson . 275 
J. Methven & Sons . 274 
Ryder & Son . 275 
B. Soddy . 274 
Sutton & Sons. 273 
R. Sydenham . 277 
C. Turner.. 275 
J. Veitch & Sons.. 276 
B. S. Williams & Son ... 277 
Show Announcements 274 
Situations.287 
Stove and Greenhouse 
Plants. 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Co. 275 
Trees. 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Co .. 275 
Notice to Subscribers. 
T he sixth volume of the gak- 
DENING WORLD commenced with the number for 
Sept. 7th. The INDEX to VOL. V. was published with the 
number for August 31st. 
Publishing Office: 17, Catherine Street, Co vent Garden, W.C. 
